Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into a specific cell. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into a specific cell, the method including (i) a step of measuring, in a pluripotent stem cell as a sample, a phenotype associated with induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition before differentiation induction; and (ii) a step of acquiring a pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into a specific cell using the measured phenotype as an indicator. According to the present invention, there are further provided a method of selecting a pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into a specific cell; a pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into a specific cell; a production method of a differentiated cell; a differentiated cell; and a method for quality evaluation of a pluripotent stem cell.

Abstract: There is provided a cell evaluation device including an acquisition unit that acquires a cell image in which a nerve cell having a cell body, an axon, and a dendrite is shown; a first specifying unit that specifies the axon in the cell image; a second specifying unit that specifies spines formed on the dendrite in the cell image; a selection unit that selects a synapse-estimated spine, which is estimated to constitute a synapse with the axon and is close to the axon specified in the first specifying unit, from the spines specified in the second specifying unit; and a display control unit that performs control to display the synapse-estimated spine in a display form different from that of other spines in the cell image.

Abstract: There is provided a cell evaluation device comprising an acquisition unit that acquires an image set of a plurality of cell images in which a plurality of cells having a protrusive structure are imaged in time series during culture; a reception unit that receives designation of a cell of interest which is a cell of interest to a user, the cell being at least one cell among the plurality of cells which are shown in one cell image of interest other than an oldest cell image in the image set; a specifying unit that captures a growth process of the protrusive structure based on the image set to specify a protrusive structure of interest, which is the protrusive structure extending from the cell of interest in the cell image of interest; and a display control unit that performs control to display the protrusive structure of interest in a display form different from that of other protrusive structures in the cell image of interest.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an imaging unit that images, in a time series order, each of a first biological sample having undergone a first process and a second biological sample which has undergone a second process and is of the same type as the type of the first biological sample, and an imaging interval setting portion that acquires a first image obtained by imaging the first biological sample, and a second image obtained by imaging the second biological sample at the same timing as a timing of the first biological sample, and sets an imaging interval of the first and the second biological sample on the basis of a difference between feature data of the first image and feature data of the second image or a change amount of the difference, in which the imaging unit images the first and the second biological sample by using the imaging interval.

Abstract: Time-series data formed by acquiring values indicating amounts or states of a plurality of biological materials for each biological material at a plurality of time points is prepared, the plurality of biological materials are divided into a plurality of groups on the basis of temporal variations of time-series data of the respective biological materials, representative time-series data indicating a state of each group is generated on the basis of time-series data of at least one biological material included in each group, and dependencies between the groups are estimated on the basis of the representative time-series data of each group.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an imaging unit that images, in a time series order, each of a first biological sample having undergone a first process and a second biological sample which has undergone a second process and is of the same type as the type of the first biological sample, and an imaging interval setting portion that acquires a first image obtained by imaging the first biological sample, and a second image obtained by imaging the second biological sample at the same timing as a timing of the first biological sample, and sets an imaging interval of the first and the second biological sample on the basis of a difference between feature data of the first image and feature data of the second image or a change amount of the difference, in which the imaging unit images the first and the second biological sample by using the imaging interval.

Abstract: An optical measurement device includes a light source irradiating a test subject with first light L1 for measuring a degree of oxygen supply to a metabolic system and a photodetector receiving reflected light R1 (or transmitted light) of the first light L1 and second light R2 emitted from the test subject according to a degree of oxygen utilization by the metabolic system. In some cases, the light source irradiates a test subject with excitation light L2 such that the second light R2 is generated. The first light is, for example, light of a wavelength range that is attenuated by being partially absorbed into the test subject by passing through the test subject. Specifically, the first light is light of a wavelength range that is attenuated by being partially absorbed into oxidized hemoglobin or reduced hemoglobin contained in the test subject. The second light is, for example, fluorescence emitted from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or flavin adenine dinucleotide.

Abstract: Provided is an optical measurement device which can measure the balance between the oxygen utilization and the oxygen supply in the metabolism of a test subject. An optical measurement device 20 includes a photodetector 22 which measures the amount of a plurality of biological substances contained in a test subject 31 by receiving incidence light R1 and R2 from the test subject 31, and a processing portion 23 which functions as an activation degree calculation portion calculating an activation degree of at least two metabolic pathways among energy metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, or lipid metabolism based on the amount of the plurality of biological substances detected by the photodetector 22.

Abstract: In an endoscope system, rays of different wavelength bands are sequentially projected toward a target site of a test subject, to obtain image signals from the reflected rays. Reflection spectra are calculated from the image signals and subjected to a multi-regression analysis in combination with absorption spectra of those objects which are relevant to the inspection, such as blood or hemoglobin in the target site, and absorption spectra of irrelevant objects other than the relevant objects, such as bile or staining materials. Spectral components of the irrelevant objects in the reflection spectra are determined through the multi-regression analysis, and are eliminated from the reflection spectra, providing second reflection spectra. A couple of images are produced and displayed on the basis of the first reflection spectra from which the spectral components of the irrelevant objects are not eliminated and the second reflection spectra.

Abstract: Provided is an image capturing apparatus comprising a light emitting section that emits light to a subject; a light receiving section that receives light in a first wavelength region and light in a second wavelength region from the subject, the second wavelength region being different from the first wavelength region; a reflectance calculating section that calculates a first reflectance of light in the first wavelength region from the subject and a second reflectance of light in the second wavelength region from the subject, based on the light emitted by the light emitting section and the light received by the light receiving section; and a depth identifying section that calculates a depth, from a surface of the subject, of an object inside the subject that is included in an image resulting from the light received by the light receiving section, based on the first reflectance and the second reflectance.

Abstract: Provided is a position specifying system including: a light irradiation section that irradiates light to different positions of a physical body respectively; an image capturing section that captures images of an object existing inside the physical body, by means of the light irradiated to the different positions; and a position specifying section that specifies a depth of the object from a surface of the physical body onto which the light from the light irradiation section is irradiated, based on a difference in the images captured by the image capturing section.

Abstract: Provided is an image capturing apparatus for generating a multi-band image for examining a disease condition which has little amount of information. The image capturing apparatus includes: a variable spectroscopic element capable of varying a wavelength of light to be transmitted; a wavelength band table recording therein wavelength bands corresponded with disease conditions; an observation target identifying section that identifies a disease condition to be observed; a variable spectroscopic element control section that controls the variable spectroscopic element to sequentially transmit light rays of a plurality of wavelengths within a range of a wavelength band recorded in the wavelength band table in correspondence with the disease condition identified by the observation target identifying section; and an image capturing section that sequentially captures images by means of the light rays of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted through the variable spectroscopic element.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing system, including a depth calculating section that calculates a depth of an object from a surface of a body, the object existing inside the body; a light receiving section that receives light from the object; and a substance amount calculating section that calculates an amount of a substance, which generates the light received by the light receiving section, inside the object based on the depth of the object calculated by the depth calculating section and an amount of light received by the light receiving section.

Abstract: In an endoscope system, rays of different wavelength bands are sequentially projected toward a target site of a test subject, to obtain image signals from the reflected rays. Reflection spectra are calculated from the image signals and subjected to a multi-regression analysis in combination with absorption spectra of those objects which are relevant to the inspection, such as blood or hemoglobin in the target site, and absorption spectra of irrelevant objects other than the relevant objects, such as bile or staining materials. Spectral components of the irrelevant objects in the reflection spectra are determined through the multi-regression analysis, and are eliminated from the reflection spectra, providing second reflection spectra. A couple of images are produced and displayed on the basis of the first reflection spectra from which the spectral components of the irrelevant objects are not eliminated and the second reflection spectra.

Abstract: Provided is an image capturing system including an image capturing section that includes a plurality of first light receiving elements for receiving light of a first wavelength region and a plurality of second light receiving elements for receiving light of a second wavelength region, a control section that causes to be generated, from a subject, light of a different spectrum at a different timing for each of the first wavelength region and the second wavelength region, and an image generating section that generates an image from light of a first spectrum from the subject received by the first light receiving elements at a predetermined timing, and light of a second spectrum from the subject received by the second light receiving elements at a timing other than the predetermined timing.

Abstract: An image capturing system includes an image capturing section that includes a plurality of light receiving elements configured to receive light in a first wavelength range and light in a second wavelength range, a control section that controls the light in the second wavelength range to be received by each of the plurality of light receiving elements more frequently than the light in the first wavelength range, where the light in the second wavelength range has a lower spectral intensity than the light in the first wavelength range, and an image generating section that generates an image by using the light in the first wavelength range received by the plurality of light receiving elements at a given timing and the light in the second wavelength range received by the plurality of light receiving elements at a different timing.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing system including: a specific wavelength image obtaining section that obtains a specific wavelength image being an image of light from an object existing inside a substance, the light belonging to a specific wavelength region; a depth calculator that calculates a depth of the object from a surface of the substance, using a plurality of specific wavelength images corresponding to different specific wavelength regions from each other; and an object image generator that generates an image of the object according to the depth of the object calculated by the depth calculator.

Abstract: Provided are an image processing system, an image processing method, and a program for adjusting an image quality of a fluorescent light motion image. An image obtaining section that obtains a high image-quality motion image and a low image-quality motion image in which a same subject is captured simultaneously; a motion calculating section that calculates a motion of the subject in the high image-quality motion image, from the high image-quality motion image; and an image adjusting section that generates a motion image resulting from adjusting an image quality of the low image-quality motion image, based on the motion calculated by the motion calculating section are included, to adjust an image quality of a low image-quality motion image. Accordingly, the image quality of a low image-quality image can be improved.

Abstract: Provided is an image capturing apparatus for generating a multi-band image for examining a disease condition which has little amount of information. The image capturing apparatus includes: a variable spectroscopic element capable of varying a wavelength of light to be transmitted; a wavelength band table recording therein wavelength bands corresponded with disease conditions; an observation target identifying section that identifies a disease condition to be observed; a variable spectroscopic element control section that controls the variable spectroscopic element to sequentially transmit light rays of a plurality of wavelengths within a range of a wavelength band recorded in the wavelength band table in correspondence with the disease condition identified by the observation target identifying section; and an image capturing section that sequentially captures images by means of the light rays of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted through the variable spectroscopic element.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes a light splitting section that splits light from an object into first light and second light in such a manner that (i) a split ratio of light in a central region of an image of the object is different from a split ratio of light in a peripheral region of the image and (ii) the second light has a smaller amount of light in the central region than the first light, a first imaging element that receives the first light, a second imaging element that receives the second light, and a zoom lens system that is provided between the light splitting section and the first imaging element.