Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a seat for a vehicle which is capable of smoothly and stably adjusting the reclining of a seat back by driving an electrical reclining motor 34, even if the electrical reclining motor 34 is diagonally mounted on a seat back frame structure in a case where the electrical reclining motor 34 is fixedly connected on a seat back frame structure, or even if the electrical reclining motor 34 becomes inclined due to a deformation of the seat back frame structure after such a fixedly connection.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a seat for a vehicle which is capable of smoothly and stably adjusting the reclining of a seat back by driving an electrical reclining motor 34, even if the electrical reclining motor 34 is diagonally mounted on a seat back frame structure in a case where the electrical reclining motor 34 is fixedly connected on a seat back frame structure, or even if the electrical reclining motor 34 becomes inclined due to a deformation of the seat back frame structure after such a fixedly connection.

Abstract: In a method for generating a terahertz electromagnetic wave by using coherent phonons in a quantum structure, high density of coherent phonons acting as a radiation source of the terahertz electromagnetic wave are obtained by exciting the inter-band transitions in a quantum structure under the condition that the energy difference between two inter-band transitions in the quantum structure is resonated with the energy of the coherent phonons, and the terahertz electromagnetic wave is generated by the oscillatory polarizations of the coherent phonons. High density of coherent phonons may be created through the elementary excitation generated by using instantaneous laser pulses. A quantum well structure is effective as the quantum structure, and a scattering process of coherent phonon may be suppressed by confining coherent LO phonons in a well layer.

Abstract: A process for producing coumarin or a derivative thereof, which process comprises dehydrogenation of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin or a derivative thereof in the presence of a palladium catalyst by heating under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A process for producing coumarin and a derivative thereof represented by formula (2): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, provided that at least two of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom,the process comprising the step of heating a 3-(2-cyclohexanoyl)propionic acid ester represented by formula (1): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined above and R.sub.5 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,in the presence of a palladium catalyst, thereby to allow the ester of formula (1) to undergo cyclization and dehydrogenation reactions, the latter stage of the reactions, in which the conversion of the 3-(2-cyclohexanoyl) propionic acid ester used as a starting material has reached about 80% or more, being conducted at a higher temperature than that for the former stage of the reactions.

Abstract: A process for producing a 3,4-dihydrocoumarin compound represented by formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification, comprising the steps of:(1) heating a 3-(2-cyclohexanoyl)propionic acid ester compound represented by formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 R.sub.5 are as defined in the specification, in the presence of at least one solid metal catalyst, thereby to allow said compound of formula (I) to undergo ring formation and dehydrogenation to yield said 3,4-dihydrocoumarin compound of formula (II) and, as a by-product, a coumarin compound represented by formula (III): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing a coumarin derivative represented by formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification, comprising the step of: subjecting to a ring formation and dehydrogenation reaction a 3-(2-cyclohexanoyl)-propionic acid ester derivative represented by formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification, the ring formation and dehydrogenation reaction being (1) conducted by use of a catalyst comprising a carrier having supported thereon palladium and either of chromium oxide and chromium hydroxide, or (2) conducted by use of a catalyst comprising a carrier having supported thereon palladium or a catalyst comprising a carrier having supported thereon palladium and either of chromium oxide and chromium hydroxide, in the presence of a promoter which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of magnesium trisilicate, zirconia, metallic chromium, and metallic tungsten.

Abstract: A process for producing 3,4-dihydrocoumarin comprising cyclization and dehydrogenation of a 3-(2-cyclohexanoyl)propionic acid ester, in which a reaction mixture obtained by the cyclization and dehydrogenation is washed with an alkali to reduce the dihydrocinnamic acid content of the reaction mixture to 1% by weight or less and/or previously distilling the reaction mixture to remove high-boiling substances, and then subjected to rectification to recover 3,4-dihydrocoumarin. The thus obtained 3,4-dihydrocoumarin has high purity and high quality sufficient for use as a perfume as it is.

Abstract: A method for producing a cycloalkanol in high yield by hydrating cycloalkene with a specific catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst is obtainable by ion-exchanging all or a part of the cations of a crystalline gallium silicate with hydrogen ions. It has a specific composition defined by the general formula and is characterized by the X-ray diffraction pattern.

Abstract: A method for producing a cycloalkanol important as a material for caprolactam, adipic acid and the like by the hydration of a cycloalkene with a solid acid as a catalyst, which comprises carrying out said hydration in the presence of a phenol.

Abstract: A method for producing alicyclic alcohols by the hydration of olefins in the presence of an aromatic sulfonic acid, which comprises incorporating molybdic acid or its salt and/or vanadium oxide, vanadic acid or its salt in the reaction system. The alicyclic alcohols are useful as intermediates for caprolactam, adipic acid, insecticides, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed in a method for producing a mixture containing cycloalkanone and/or cycloalkanol which comprises oxidizing a cycloalkane with molecular oxygen to a cycloalkyl hydroperoxide represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## (wherein m represents an integer of 4.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.11) and decomposing the cycloalkyl hydroperoxide to obtain a mixture containing cycloalkanone and/or cycloalkanol, wherein the oxidation of the cycloalkane with molecular oxygen and/or the decomposition of the cycloalkyl hydroperoxide are carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising at least one metallic salt represented by the formula (2):MX.sub.n (2)(wherein M represent Co, Mn, Cr or Fe, X represents an anionic ligand and n represents 2 or 3) and at least one compound represented by the formula (3): ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: In the process of fabrication of semiconductor devices, a lead frame hoop supplied from a supply reel is set forward to successively enter into a series of fabricating steps. After having been subjected to pellet bonding, wire bonding and resin-molding, it is wound up about a take-up reel. Baking step is performed with the lead frame hoop wound on the take-up reel. The lead frame hoop unwound from the take-up reel is cut into separate individual semiconductor device units from one another and the measurement of characteristics and the classification of the thus prepared units are carried out with the positions of the units maintained as they were at the cutting step. Accordingly, the process has a smaller number of steps and therefore the production cost is reduced, and the speed of working is improved.