Abstract: A tundish nozzle is used in a device for exchanging tundish nozzles juxtaposed at a bottom of a tundish. The device includes a pair of first arms pressing and supporting a first lower nozzle located at an undersurface of a first upper nozzle, the first upper nozzle being placed at the bottom of the tundish. The device includes a pair of second arms pressing and supporting a second lower nozzle located at an undersurface of a second upper nozzle, the second upper nozzle being placed at the bottom of the tundish and next to the first upper nozzle. The pair of first arms and the pair of second arms are adjoined to each other, the pairs at least partly overlapping. The tundish nozzle includes a zirconia based nozzle inserted into an alumina based refractory, and is one of the first and second lower and upper nozzles.

Abstract: A device for exchanging tundish nozzles juxtaposed at a bottom of a tundish includes a pair of first arms and a pair of second arms. The pair of first arms presses and supports a first lower nozzle. The first lower nozzle is located at an undersurface of a first upper nozzle. The first upper nozzle us placed at the bottom of the tundish. The pair of second arms presses and supports a second lower nozzle. The second lower nozzle is located at an undersurface of a second upper nozzle. The second upper nozzle is places at the bottom of the tundish and next to the first upper nozzle. The pair of first arms and the pair of second arms are adjoined to each other, and the pairs at least partly overlap each other.

Abstract: In a system cooperating a high performance computer and a low performance computer, a load of database processing upon the low performance computer is reduced. In a high performance center running DBMS for managing each version by using logical structure data of a database as physical structure pages and one or more terminals having a lower performance than that of the center, an update difference file is created for a center side received command input to the center, a backup file is created for a terminal side received command input to the terminal, and a version applied with the terminal side received command is updated to a version after update, by sequentially overwrite copying the backup file and update difference file.

Abstract: A tundish nozzle exchanging device and a tundish nozzle for use in the device, reducing a distance between holes of the tundish nozzles, juxtaposed at a bottom of a tundish, compared to the conventional model.

Abstract: In a system cooperating a high performance computer and a low performance computer, a load of database processing upon the low performance computer is reduced. In a high performance center running DBMS for managing each version by using logical structure data of a database as physical structure pages and one or more terminals having a lower performance than that of the center, an update difference file is created for a center side received command input to the center, a backup file is created for a terminal side received command input to the terminal, and a version applied with the terminal side received command is updated to a version after update, by sequentially overwrite copying the backup file and update difference file.