Abstract: A Raman spectroscopy method includes acquiring a first spectrum of a sample by performing exposure over a first time period in Raman spectroscopy of the sample, calculating a first Raman signal intensity of the first spectrum acquired, calculating a second time period from the first time period based on the ratio of the first Raman signal intensity calculated to a second Raman signal intensity that is a Raman signal intensity required for the Raman spectroscopy, the second time period being an exposure time period required for acquiring the second Raman signal intensity, and acquiring a second spectrum of the sample by performing exposure over the second time period calculated.

Abstract: A flow channel device includes a flow channel section and an introduction channel section. The flow channel section includes a flow channel in which a detection object flows and a wall surface surrounding the flow channel. The introduction channel section includes an introduction channel having a first end connected to the flow channel and a second end connected to an introduction port, and a wall surface surrounding the introduction channel. At least a part of the wall surface surrounding the introduction channel is a curved surface protruding toward the introduction channel.

Abstract: A sensor device includes a flow path and a metal layer disposed in the flow path. The flow path is configured to allow a sample containing analytes to flow and to allow a carrier to be disposed therein. The carrier has acceptors that are fixed on a surface thereof and specifically bound with the analytes for producing aggregates. The flow path includes an aggregate trapping section at which the analytes locally concentrate to the section. This sensor device has high detection sensitivity with a simple structure.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes an input part, a fixing part, and a determining part. The input part is provided on the upper side of the sensor. The fixing part on which a carrier is disposed is provided below the input part. The carrier has an acceptor that reacts with an analyte contained in the sample and is fixed on the carrier. The determining part includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a hollow area. The first metal layer is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave. The second metal layer faces the first metal layer. The hollow area is sandwiched between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The input part, the fixing part, and the hollow area form a part of a passage where the sample flows from the input part to the hollow area.

Abstract: A flow channel device includes a flow channel section and an introduction channel section. The flow channel section includes a flow channel in which a detection object flows and a wall surface surrounding the flow channel. The introduction channel section includes an introduction channel having a first end connected to the flow channel and a second end connected to an introduction port, and a wall surface surrounding the introduction channel. At least a part of the wall surface surrounding the introduction channel is a curved surface protruding toward the introduction channel.

Abstract: A flow channel device includes the following elements: an introduction region for receiving a specimen into the flow channel; a discharge region for discharging the specimen; and a trap body between the introduction region and the discharge region. In the trap body formed in the flow channel, the lateral area of the lateral side surface of the trap body facing the introduction region side is larger than the projected area of the lateral side surface of the trap body projected along the flow channel from the introduction region side toward the discharge region side with respect to the trap body.

Abstract: The optical sensor includes a first metal layer having top and a bottom faces, a second metal layer having top and bottom faces, and a hollow area sandwiched by the first metal layer and the second metal layer. A capturing body for capturing a target substance to be detected can be disposed in the hollow area. Thicknesses of the first metal layer and the second metal layer are both not less than 5 nm and not greater than 50 nm. The hollow area includes a determining part for determining the presence of the target substance contained in a specimen. The second metal layer can transmit an electromagnetic wave from the bottom face to the top face. The first metal layer can transmit the electromagnetic wave from the bottom face to the top face.

Abstract: A plasmon sensor includes a supporter, a first metal layer on a lower surface of the first supporter, and a second metal layer having an upper surface facing a lower surface of the first metal layer. A hollow space is provided between the first and second metal layers, and is configured to be filled with a test sample containing a medium. The area of the first metal layer is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the supporter. The supporter has a region having hydrophilic property and facing and contacting the hollow space. This the plasmon sensor has a small size and a simple structure.

Abstract: An optical sensor is configured to be used with trappers specifically bound to an object substance to detect whether the object substance exists or not in a specimen. The optical sensor includes a first metal layer made of gold having a lower surface and an upper surface which is configured to have an electromagnetic wave supplied thereto, and a second layer made of gold having an upper surface facing the lower surface of the first metal layer. A hollow area configured to be filled with the specimen is provided between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The trappers are physically bonded to at least one of a lower side of the first metal layer and an upper side of the second metal layer. The thickness of the first metal layer is not smaller than 5 nm and not larger than 30 nm. The optical sensor has a small size and a simple structure.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes an input part, a fixing part, and a determining part. The input part is provided on the upper side of the sensor. The fixing part on which a carrier is disposed is provided below the input part. The carrier has an acceptor that reacts with an analyte contained in the sample and is fixed on the carrier. The determining part includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a hollow area. The first metal layer is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave. The second metal layer faces the first metal layer. The hollow area is sandwiched between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The input part, the fixing part, and the hollow area form a part of a passage where the sample flows from the input part to the hollow area.

Abstract: A sensor device includes a flow path and a metal layer disposed in the flow path. The flow path is configured to allow a sample containing analytes to flow and to allow a carrier to be disposed therein. The carrier has acceptors that are fixed on a surface thereof and specifically bound with the analytes for producing aggregates. The flow path includes an aggregate trapping section at which the analytes locally concentrate to the section. This sensor device has high detection sensitivity with a simple structure.

Abstract: A sensor chip is a sensor device for measuring a property of a substance by adsorbing the substance on a surface of the sensor chip. The sensor chip includes a diaphragm having a first surface, a second surface, and at least one through hole penetrating from the first surface to the second surface. At least a part of the first surface, the second surface, and an inner wall surface of the through hole is covered with a noncrystalline solid layer including SiOX as a main component, in which substance X is an element having higher electronegativity than that of silicon.

Abstract: A sensor chip is a sensor device for measuring a property of a substance by adsorbing the substance on a surface of the sensor chip. The sensor chip includes a diaphragm having a first surface, a second surface, and at least one through hole penetrating from the first surface to the second surface. At least a part of the first surface, the second surface, and an inner wall surface of the through hole is covered with a noncrystalline solid layer including SiOX as a main component, in which substance X is an element having higher electronegativity than that of silicon.

Abstract: With the objective of achieving increased luminous efficiency while suppressing a rise in discharge voltage in a high-definition PDP, a PDP is configured with ribs at intervals between a front plate and a back plate, the ribs partitioning a gap between the front plate and the back plate into spaces. Each space constitutes a discharge cell. A minimum width of a discharge space in the discharge cell is in a range from 65 ?m to 100 ?m at a position adjacent to a pair of discharge electrodes. A ternary discharge gas of xenon, neon, and helium is enclosed in the discharge space. The partial pressure ratio of xenon in the discharge gas is in a range of 15% to 25%, and the partial pressure ratio of helium is in a range of 20% to 50%. The total pressure of the discharge gas is set between 60 kPa and 70 kPa.

Abstract: With the objective of achieving increased luminous efficiency while suppressing a rise in discharge voltage in a high-definition PDP, a PDP is configured with ribs at intervals between a front plate and a back plate, the ribs partitioning a gap between the front plate and the back plate into spaces. Each space constitutes a discharge cell. A minimum width of a discharge space in the discharge cell is in a range from 65 ?m to 100 ?m at a position adjacent to a pair of discharge electrodes. A ternary discharge gas of xenon, neon, and helium is enclosed in the discharge space. The partial pressure ratio of xenon in the discharge gas is in a range of 15% to 25%, and the partial pressure ratio of helium is in a range of 20% to 50%. The total pressure of the discharge gas is set between 60 kPa and 70 kPa.

Abstract: A backlight device 21 is an illumination device having a plurality of internal-external electrode type dielectric barrier discharge lamps. The backlight device 21 has a plurality of internal electrodes respectively arranged inside each of bulb 32 and connected in parallel to a lighting circuit 40 for outputting an AC driving voltage, and an external electrode arranged outside each of the bulbs 32 with a gap 41 and grounded. Holding members 43A to 43C holds the bulbs 32 so that distances between the bulbs 32 and the external electrode 36 are regularly varied seen from a direction of the axial line of the bulb 32.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp lighting apparatus includes a plurality of dielectric barrier discharge lamps each of which includes an internal electrode sealed at one end, an external electrode arranged outside of a discharge space of the dielectric barrier discharge lamps, and a ballast circuit for applying a high voltage at high frequency between the internal electrode and the external electrode to operate the plurality of dielectric barrier discharge lamps. The plurality of lamps are arranged in parallel, and arranged so that the position of the internal electrode of each dielectric barrier discharge lamp is at different side in the adjacent dielectric barrier discharge lamps, and at the same sides in every other dielectric barrier discharge lamp. The ballast circuit applies voltages at high frequency with difference in phase to adjacent dielectric barrier discharge lamps.

Abstract: A light source device includes a plurality of juxtaposed discharge tubes, each of which includes an internal electrode at least at one end, is made of transmissive material, has a phosphor layer formed at the inner side of the discharge tube, and is filled with a discharge gas containing xenon, an external electrode which is conductive and flat-shaped, is spaced from the plurality of discharge tubes by a specific distance, and is connected electrically to the grounding potential, and a conductive member electrically configured to connect the outer surface of all of the plurality of discharge tubes to the external electrode.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp (10) includes a discharge tube which is made of transmissive material, has a phosphor layer formed on the inner surface of the discharge tube and is filled with a discharge gas, a first internal electrode (101a) provided at one end of the discharge tube (102) for applying a rectangular alternating voltage of high frequency, a second internal electrode (101b) provided at the opposite end the discharge tube (102) to the first internal electrode (101a), an external electrode (103) provided along the longitudinal direction of the discharge tube (102). A capacitive element (104) for discharging internal charge is electrically connected to the second internal electrode (101b) outside the discharge tube (102).

Abstract: An electrodeless discharge lamp is disclosed that comprises a bulb with a substance for electric discharge sealed therein, the bulb having a reentrant portion protruding inwardly along a Z-axis direction; an induction coil arranged in the reentrant portion, the induction coil having a magnetic core and a winding wound around the magnetic core; and a drive circuit for supplying the induction coil with a power from 50 kHz to 1 MHz. The bulb has an outer diameter from 65 mm to 75 mm in a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, and the magnetic core has a length L in the Z-axis direction that is 1.05 times or more a length L? of the winding in the Z-axis direction, the length L being set to 41 mm or less.