Abstract: A sensor for determining a liquid type, includes: a plano-convex lens; a lens holder configured to support the plano-convex lens via an edge of the lens; an outputting optical fiber that abuts against a plane surface of the plano-convex lens to output light; a light-receiving optical fiber that abuts against the plane surface of the plano-convex lens to receive light; a light-emitting unit connected to the outputting optical fiber; and a light amount measuring unit connected to the light-receiving optical fiber to measure a light amount. The outputting optical fiber is provided so that an end face of the outputting optical fiber is disposed on the edge of the plano-convex lens, and preferably, a central axis thereof at the end face thereof passes through the plane surface of the plano-convex lens.

Abstract: A sensor for determining a liquid type, includes: a plano-convex lens; a lens holder configured to support the plano-convex lens via an edge of the lens; an outputting optical fiber that abuts against a plane surface of the plano-convex lens to output light; a light-receiving optical fiber that abuts against the plane surface of the plano-convex lens to receive light; a light-emitting unit connected to the outputting optical fiber; and a light amount measuring unit connected to the light-receiving optical fiber to measure a light amount. The outputting optical fiber is provided so that an end face of the outputting optical fiber is disposed on the edge of the plano-convex lens, and preferably, a central axis thereof at the end face thereof passes through the plane surface of the plano-convex lens.

Abstract: An operation device includes operation input circuitry that receives instructions for operating robot having leading end and arm that changes position and posture of the end, and processing circuitry that outputs, to the input circuitry, operation image by which instruction for motion command for the end is input, detects posture of the input circuitry in first coordinate system, rotates second coordinate system relative to the first system based on the posture of the input circuitry, converts the command into first-coordinate-system command, and outputs the first-coordinate-system command based on the first-coordinate-system command.

Abstract: A method for producing an objective protein using animal cells as an expression host is provided. The objective protein is produced by culturing animal cells having an objective protein-producing ability under conditions where the phosphoric acid concentration and/or the potassium concentration in the culture medium is increased.

Abstract: An operation device includes operation input circuitry that operates a robot having a leading end and a multi-articular arm that changes a position and a posture of the leading end, a device posture sensor that detects a posture of the operation input circuitry in a first coordinate system for controlling the robot, and processing circuitry that rotates a second coordinate system rotatable relative to the first coordinate system based on the posture of the operation input device, generates motion command for the leading end of the robot in the second coordinate system based on input operation into the operation input circuitry, converts the motion command into a first-coordinate-system motion command for the leading end of the robot in the first coordinate system, outputs the first-coordinate-system motion command for controlling the robot based on the first-coordinate-system motion command, and regulates rotation of the second coordinate system about at least one axis.

Abstract: An operation device includes operation input circuitry that operates a robot having a leading end and a multi-articular arm that changes a position and a posture of the leading end, a device posture sensor that detects a posture of the operation input circuitry in a first coordinate system for controlling the robot, and processing circuitry that rotates a second coordinate system rotatable relative to the first coordinate system based on the posture of the operation input device, generates motion command for the leading end of the robot in the second coordinate system based on input operation into the operation input circuitry, converts the motion command into a first-coordinate-system motion command for the leading end of the robot in the first coordinate system, outputs the first-coordinate-system motion command for controlling the robot based on the first-coordinate-system motion command, and regulates rotation of the second coordinate system about at least one axis.

Abstract: An operation device includes operation input circuitry that receives instructions for operating robot having leading end and arm that changes position and posture of the end, and processing circuitry that outputs, to the input circuitry, operation image by which instruction for motion command for the end is input, detects posture of the input circuitry in first coordinate system, rotates second coordinate system relative to the first system based on the posture of the input circuitry, converts the command into first-coordinate-system command, and outputs the first-coordinate-system command based on the first-coordinate-system command.

Abstract: A central processing unit of a control device includes: a control calculation unit that performs calculation on the basis of storage content of a nonvolatile storage unit and controls a machine; an update unit that accepts operation input in a first maintenance mode or a second maintenance mode, which has a narrower operable range than the first maintenance mode, and updates the storage content of the nonvolatile storage unit in accordance with the operation input; a security management unit that determines permission or prohibition of the operation input in the first maintenance mode with the use of a hardware key; and a security management unit that determines permission or prohibition of the operation input in the second maintenance mode without the use of the hardware key.

Abstract: A central processing unit of a control device includes: a control calculation unit that performs calculation on the basis of storage content of a nonvolatile storage unit and controls a machine; an update unit that accepts operation input in a first maintenance mode or a second maintenance mode, which has a narrower operable range than the first maintenance mode, and updates the storage content of the nonvolatile storage unit in accordance with the operation input; a security management unit that determines permission or prohibition of the operation input in the first maintenance mode with the use of a hardware key; and a security management unit that determines permission or prohibition of the operation input in the second maintenance mode without the use of the hardware key.

Abstract: When a brake is released by worker's operation, a subject automatic machine is specified so as to prevent an accident due to an error, such as misconception. An automatic machine control device includes a brake releasing unit that releases a brake when a motor is not driven, and a brake release indication unit that is provided on the automatic machines or in the vicinities of the automatic machines. When brake releasing is made by worker's operation, the fact is indicated on the brake release indication unit of a subject automatic machine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow fiber, which includes: at least one thermoplastic polymer with an equilibrium water content of 2% or less; wherein the number of hollow portions (&agr;1) and a hollow ratio (&agr;2) in said fiber satisfy the following equations: &agr;1≧7 2≦&agr;2≦65 0.14≦(&agr;1×&agr;2)/100≦250.

Abstract: In a rolling shaft relatively rolling with respect to rolling members provided in a radial needle roller bearing, the rolling shaft is composed of a steel containing 0.5 to 1.2 wt % carbon and is provided with a surface layer 3a containing 0.05 to 0.4 wt % nitrogen, having Vickers hardness being Hv650 or more through a high frequency quenching performed thereto and a residual austenite being 15 to 40 vol %, and a core portion of the rolling shaft contains 0 vol % of the residual austenite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow fiber, which includes:

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow fiber, which includes: at least one thermoplastic polymer with an equilibrium water content of 2% or less; wherein the number of hollow portions (&agr;1) and a hollow ratio (&agr;2) in said fiber satisfy the following equations: &agr;1≧7 2≦&agr;2≦65 0.14≦(&agr;1×&agr;2)/100≦250.

Abstract: In a rolling shaft relatively rolling with respect to rolling members provided in a radial needle roller bearing, the rolling shaft is composed of a steel containing 0.5 to 1.2 wt % carbon and is provided with a surface layer 3a containing 0.05 to 0.4 wt % nitrogen, having Vickers hardness being Hv650 or more through a high frequency quenching performed thereto and a residual austenite being 15 to 40 vol %, and a core portion of the rolling shaft contains 0 vol % of the residual austenite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow fiber, which includes:

Abstract: In a corrective tempering method and apparatus for a rolling element in which the thermal deformation of the rolling element is corrected within an extremely short time by utilizing plasticity exhibited during a metallic structure transforming process brought about by low-temperature tempering of the rolling element made of steel, the hardened rolling element is heated and pressured to a maximum temperature within a range of from 250 to 500° C. by a heating device while set in correcting molds to correct the deformation of the rolling element at a degree of working within a range not exceeding an elastic deformation range of the rolling element at a room temperature. The rolling element can be heated also by an induction heating device in addition to a conduction heating device. A product whose inner/outer diameter correcting degree of deformation is 60% or more, dimension standardizing rate is 30% or more, surface roughness is less than Ra 0.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing steel balls for use in a ball bearing comprising an inner steel race or shaft with an inner raceway formed around its outer peripheral surface, an outer steel race with an outer raceway formed around its inner peripheral surface, and the steel balls freely rotatably disposed between the inner raceway and the outer raceway comprises the steps of providing steel balls, quenching the steel balls, preliminarily tempering the steel balls after quenched, rough-polishing the steel balls after preliminarily tempered, surface-hardening the steel balls after rough-polished, tempering the steel balls after surface-hardened, and finish-polishing the steel balls after tempered.

Abstract: In a corrective tempering method and apparatus for a rolling element in which the thermal deformation of the rolling element is corrected within an extremely short time by utilizing plasticity exhibited during a metallic structure transforming process brought about by low-temperature tempering of the rolling element made of steel, the hardened rolling element is heated and pressured to a maximum temperature within a range of from 250 to 500.degree. C. by a heating device while set in correcting molds to correct the deformation of the rolling element at a degree of working within a range not exceeding an elastic deformation range of the rolling element at a room temperature. The rolling element can be heated also by an induction heating device in addition to a conduction heating device. A product whose inner/outer diameter correcting degree of deformation is 60% or more, dimension standardizing rate is 30% or more, surface roughness is less than Ra 0.2 .mu.

Abstract: A rolling bearing comprises a rolling element, an outer ring having an outer circumferential surface portion subjected to surface hardening and an inner circumferential surface portion acting as an orbit of the rolling element, the outer circumferential surface portion being in contact with other members so as to be used as a roll, and an inner ring having an outer circumferential surface portion acting as an orbit of the rolling element. The hardness of a core portion of the outer ring is set to be in a range of from Hv 500 to Hv 650.