Abstract: It is assumed that some railway vehicles each include a control device and other railway vehicles include no control devices and that one or more control devices may be included in a train information. If only one control device is included in the train formation, there is no problem. However, if two or more control devices are included therein, it means that multiple control systems exist therein, so that it is necessary to determine a control system consistently. When a train is activated and started for operations or when railway vehicles are coupled together or divided, a management server, which has the smallest IP address value assigned, for example, by a DHCP and which exhibits the highest processing speed, controls, as a main management server, all of such systems. Even if any trouble occurs in a network or in a network device, the management system is automatically reconstituted.

Abstract: It is assumed that some railway vehicles each include a control device and other railway vehicles include no control devices and that one or more control devices may be included in a train information. If only one control device is included in the train formation, there is no problem. However, if two or more control devices are included therein, it means that multiple control systems exist therein, so that it is necessary to determine a control system consistently. When a train is activated and started for operations or when railway vehicles are coupled together or divided, a management server, which has the smallest IP address value assigned, for example, by a DHCP and which exhibits the highest processing speed, controls, as a main management server, all of such systems. Even if any trouble occurs in a network or in a network device, the management system is automatically reconstituted.

Abstract: An alignment mark is sometimes undetectable even when part of it is visible with the eye. There is provided a pattern detecting method and an apparatus capable of detecting the alignment mark if part of it is visible. Thereby a position of the alignment mark can be detected. An image of a substantially whole of the alignment mark is registered as a representative image and besides at least one image of a part of the registered representative image is newly registered as a partial image. When any one of the registered representative image and the partial image is recognized. The pattern based on the alignment mark is detected. Thereby position coordinates can be recognized.

Abstract: An alignment mark is sometimes undetectable even when part of it is visible with the eye. There is provided a pattern detecting method and an apparatus capable of detecting the alignment mark if part of it is visible. Thereby a position of the alignment mark can be detected. An image of a substantially whole of the alignment mark is registered as a representative image and besides at least one image of a part of the registered representative image is newly registered as a partial image. When any one of the registered representative image and the partial image is recognized. The pattern based on the alignment mark is detected. Thereby position coordinates can be recognized.