Abstract: A method of measuring the position of the cutting edge of a tool T mounted to a spindle 14 of an NC machine tool includes steps of measuring the dimension of the center of an end surface of the spindle 14 relative a reference position in a machine coordinate system of the machine tool in the axial directions of the X-, Y- and Z-axes, measuring the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14 relative to the center of the end surface of the spindle 14 in the axial directions of the X-, Y- and Z-axes, obtaining the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14 relative to the reference position in the machine coordinate system through a calculation on the basis of the relative dimensions of the center of the end surface of the spindle 14 in the machine coordinate system and the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14.

Abstract: A processing machine installation is provided with a processing machine having a tool for machining a workpiece, heat-generating potions and non-heat-generating portions, a first cover for defining a air conditioned processing machine room around the processing machine, an air injector including a plurality of air outlet, provided in the first cover, for directing air to the respective portions of the processing machine, the air outlet being distributed depending on the amount of heat generated in the respective portions of the processing machine so that the air flow through the air outlet portions are adjusted to substantially level the temperature of the respective portions of the processing machine an air conditioner for controlling the temperature rate of the air supplied to the air injector he basis of the air temperature in the air conditioned processing machine room. The air temperature in the air conditioned processing machine room is controlled to a desired temperature.

Abstract: A method of measuring the position of the cutting edge of a tool T mounted to a spindle 14 of an NC machine tool includes steps of measuring the dimension of the center of an end surface of the spindle 14 relative a reference position in a machine coordinate system of the machine tool in the axial directions of the X-, Y- and Z-axes, measuring the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14 relative to the center of the end surface of the spindle 14 in the axial directions of the X-, Y- and Z-axes, obtaining the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14 relative to the reference position in the machine coordinate system through a calculation on the basis of the relative dimensions of the center of the end surface of the spindle 14 in the machine coordinate system and the dimensions of the position of the cutting edge of the tool T mounted to the spindle 14.

Abstract: For the purpose of facilitating correction of front-to-back and lateral vertebra curvature in scoliosis and the like, vertebra screws are passed through vertebra plates with spikes that dig into the sides of vertebrae and are screwed into each vertebra. The vertebra screws have rod passage holes in their heads, respectively, which holes are partially open on the side. A screw hole is provided at the top surface of each head. Rods are inserted into and passed through all the rod passage holes via the side openings in the heads of all the vertebra screws, the set-screws being each screwed into screw hole formed in the top surface of the head of the vertebra screw for the purpose of fixing the rods to the vertebra screws.

Abstract: An electrical discharge machining method includes the steps of intermittently applying a voltage pulse to an electrical discharge machining gap between a machining electrode and a work in accordance with predetermined ON and OFF times to generate discharge, relatively moving the machining electrode and the work during generation of discharge to perform electrical discharge machining, detecting a discharge frequency during electrical discharge machining, calculating a nonload time by subtracting the predetermined ON and OFF times from a discharge repetition period based on the detected discharge frequency, and controlling a relative position between the machining electrode and the work on the basis of the calculated nonload time.