Abstract: To provide a inhibitor of protein modification products formation capable of inhibiting of vitamin B6 deficiency disease as a side effect, especially a renal protective agent. There is provided a use, as an active ingredient, of any of free or salt-form compounds of either of the formulae: (I) (II) [wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; and each of R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrogen atom or monovalent organic group, or alternatively R2 and R3 cooperate to form a condensed ring or R3 and R4 cooperate to represent a divalent organic group, provided that R3 and R4 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms].

Abstract: Triple Tg (megsin/RAGE/iNOS-Tg) was created by crossing megsin-Tg with RAGE/iNOS-Tg. The megsin/RAGE/iNOS-Tg develops marked pathologies of diabetic nephropathy unfound in conventional models at early stages, and various pathological conditions such as glomerular hypertrophy were observed uniformly in the megsin/RAGE/iNOS-Tg mice. In addition, it was also found that animals exhibiting these symptoms were useful as a disease model animal for diabetic nephropathy. Specifically, the disease model animals of the present invention overexpress the megsin gene, a gene encoding the receptor for advanced glycation end-products, and an inducible nitric oxide synthase gene. As a result, accompanying kidney function disorders of glomerular failure develop at early stages.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I) wherein A is a cyclic group etc., B is a 1H-tetrazol-5-yl group or a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-yl group, and Y is a single bond or a C6-10 arylene group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or an ester thereof.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a inhibitor of protein modification products formation that exibits intense and excellent protein modification products formation inhibiting effects without causing any blood pressure drop. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] There is provided a inhibitor of protein modification products formation comprising as an active ingredient a compound consisting of a tetrazole ring having, via methylene, various substituents, especially compound (I) or (II) of the following formula: (wherein R1 and R2 represent monovalent organic groups identical with or different from each other). This inhibitor of protein modification products formation is useful in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with AGEs and ALEs, for example, used as a renal tissue protectant alone or in mixture in a peritoneal dialyzing solution or hemodialysate.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a inhibitor of protein modification products formation capable of inhibiting of vitamin B6 deficiency disease as a side effect, especially a renal protective agent. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] There is provided a use, as an active ingredient, of any of free or salt-form compounds of either of the formulae: (I) (II) [wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; and each of R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrogen atom or monovalent organic group, or alternatively R2 and R3 cooperate to form a condensed ring or R3 and R4 cooperate to represent a divalent organic group, provided that R3 and R4 are not simulataneously hydrogen atoms].

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I) wherein A is a cyclic group etc., B is a 1H-tetrazol-5-yl group or a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-yl group, and Y is a single bond or a C6-10 arylene group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or an ester thereof.

Abstract: A scheme for automatic data conversion definition generation based on data feature such as a decision tree or a statistical feature, so as to enable a quick data analysis in a visual multidimensional data analysis tool.

Abstract: A screening method for detecting renal lesions in diabetic patients not yet exhibiting symptoms of nephropathy, comprising administering a predetermined dose of parathyroid hormone, analogue thereof or derivative thereof to the patients with an albumin excretion rate (AER) of microalbumin being below 15 .mu.g/min., measuring urinary excreted N-acetyl-.beta.-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and urinary creatinine in urinary samples taken 60.+-.10 minutes before and after administration of PTH, and monitoring the increased ratio of urinary excreted NAG (U/g Cr) in post-administration of PTH to the urinary excreted NAG (U/g Cr) in pre-administration of PTH for a value less than 2.3. The screening method provides the possibility of detecting renal lesions without clinical signs of diabetic nephropathy, using a preparation essentially consisting of active ingredient of PTH.