Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear multi-anode photomultiplier or electron multiplier on which a plurality of light beams to be measured or energy beams of electrons, ions and so forth are incident one-dimensionally. The object of the present invention is to prevent crosstalk between dynode arrays caused by leaking electrons. A transmission type photomultiplier is characterized in that the direction of secondary electron emission of the first-stage dynode of each dynode array is set in the opposite direction at 180.degree. from that of an adjacent dynode array. Then, adjacent dynode arrays will not oppose each other but are shifted from each other at a predetermined distance in the lateral direction. Accordingly, even if electrons leak from a gap between dynodes of a certain dynode array, the leaking electrons will not enter the adjacent dynode array, thereby preventing crosstalk.

Abstract: A high performance reflection type photocathode for use in a photomultiplier tube is formed by sequentially depositing three layers on a substrate made of nickel. The first layer is made of either one of chromium, manganese and magnesium as a major component and is deposited over the substrate. The second layer is made of aluminum as a major component and is deposited over the first layer. The third layer is made of antimony and at least one kind of alkaline metals and is deposited over the second layer.