Abstract: A turnable type binder assembly including a fixed base plate provided with a fixed binding rod and a turnable base plate provided with a turnable binding rod, said turnable plate being turnable with respect to said fixed plate, wherein said turnable plate is slightly movable along the axis, around which it is turnable, under the action of a spring.

Abstract: A binder assembly which is openable in the opposite direction, wherein it includes a turnable member having binding rods and a turnable member having binding pipes adapted to receive said binding rods, said turnable members being separately and detachably provided on both sides of a bottom plate fixed to a back cover of a file in such a manner that they are turnable with respect to said bottom plate.

Abstract: A four ring-type binder including turnable and fixed rods, in which turnable rods comprise two turnable ring rods each being formed by bending a single metal wire member, one turnable ring rod including two ring sectors opposite to one fixed ring rod and the other turnable ring rod including similar two ring sectors, and in which, among the four ring sectors, only the ring sectors located at the central portion of a binder body have at their free ends stoppers engageable with the free ends of the associated fixed ring rods.

Abstract: A paper clip characterized in that it is substantially formed of a hard synthetic resin such as hard vinyl chloride, and in that an arched movable member, a bottom plate and a connector plate are formed as one piece capable of being extruded in its entirety, and the paper-engaging end of said movable member and the central portion of said connector plate are formed of a soft synthetic resin such as soft vinyl chloride.

Abstract: A binder assembly of the ring type according to the invention comprises a slide support member, an operable slide member, fixed holder rods and a turnable holder rod. The free ends of these rods are curved in the face-to-face relation to each other. The slide member is fitted into an angle guide portion of the slide support member. The turnable holder rod has a U-shaped portion allowed to engage a space formed in the slide member by way of a through-hole provided in the central lower end of the angle guide portion.

Abstract: A binder of the ring type includes fixed and pivot rods with their free ends being bent in opposite relation. The pivot rods are attached to a pivot plate. The pivot plate is mounted on a bottom plate in such a manner that it is always biased by a spring in its opening direction. A pivot arm is provided, including an upper member and a lower member formed by bending a metal material. The pivot and bottom plate are clamped between the upper and lower members. To prevent excessive pivot movement of the pivotal arm, a stopper means is provided at the extremity of the pivot end of the pivot arm.

Abstract: Binder construction suited for filing papers, publications, letters and catalogues having a base member to be fixed to the inside back of a file cover and holders and their related parts intended to hold such papers and detachably mounted to the base member in such an arrangement as to be opened to desired cover side or sides of the binder construction.