Abstract: In order to provide a driving device for a motor having a capability equivalent to conventional vector control type sensorless method by simplifying the controls structure to reduce number of parts to be adjusted, and to stabilize the control system, a driving device for a synchronous motor does not include a speed controller or a current controller, and calculates a voltage impressed on a motor on coordinate axes (dc/qc axes) based on a magnetic pole axis. For calculating a voltage command, command values such as a rotation speed command and a current command are used, and Iq* corresponding to a torque current command is calculated and provided based on a detected current value.

Abstract: There is provided a control method capable of stably rotating a synchronous motor synchronously with an output frequency even when a phase error between a real rotary axis and a control rotary axis is large. In a phase error operating unit, from the magnitude of the motor current, the magnitude of the motor voltage, the phase difference between the motor current and the motor voltage, and the motor constants, the phase difference between the motor current and the real rotary axis is determined as the first phase difference, and the phase difference between the motor current and the virtual rotary axis is determined as the second phase difference. The difference between the first and second phase differences is defined as the phase error, and the estimation position is so modified as to make the phase error zero.

Abstract: In a method of accurately estimating the rotor position of a synchronous motor having saliency from observable quantities, a control system for adjusting an output frequency of an inverter on the basis of a value of axis shift of the synchronous motor to operate the motor synchronously with the output frequency is provided with an induced voltage estimating/axis shift operating unit. Currents resulting from conversion of detection currents on a control axis, voltage commands to be inputted to an inverse converter and a speed command are inputted to the operating unit to estimate an induced voltage of the motor 2 and determine the axis shift from a phase of the estimated induced voltage. By using an electrical constant Lq of inductance, a voltage drop across the inductance is determined by the product of a motor speed command and magnitude of motor current. The voltage drop is a virtual quantity that does not depend on the motor rotor position.

Abstract: A developer for electrophotography comprises toner particles and carrier particles. The carrier particles comprise at least two kinds of carriers particles having different charge giving characteristics onto the toner particles. Plural kinds of carrier particles having different charge giving characteristics act on one another and on the toner particles.

Abstract: In an electric power steering apparatus for a motor vehicle comprising a rack shaft (1) provided with first and second rack portions (14 and 15), a pinion (21) of a steering shaft for meshing with the first rack portion (14), and a pinion (31) of an electric motor (34) for meshing with the second rack portion (15), the first rack portion (14) is constructed to have a constant gear ratio and the second rack portion (15) is constructed to have a variable ratio so that an abnormal feeling during a steering operation is prevented and the lock to lock of a steering wheel is reduced to a small value.

Abstract: An electric power steering system determines an assist control quantity for assist control by multiplying a turning torque applied to a steering wheel by a control gain, a damping control quantity for damping control by multiplying a rotational speed of motor by a control gain and a feedback control quantity for steering angle feedback control from a deviation between a target rotational speed of motor determined on the basis of the turning torque and an actual rotational speed of motor, and controls an electric motor with a motor control quantity that is determined on the basis of the assist control quantity, the damping control quantity and the feedback control quantity.

Abstract: A vehicle characteristic change system including characteristic information forming device for forming a characteristic information with which characteristics of an object vehicle are changed, information entry device for entering the characteristic information into the object vehicle, characteristic change device for changing the characteristics of the object vehicle in accordance with the characteristic information formed by the characteristic information forming means. Characteristics of a vehicle can be readily changed to meet a driver's taste, driving condition, driving circumstances and the like with compact system and low cost.

Abstract: A vehicle characteristic change system includes a characteristic information forming device for forming characteristic information with which characteristics of an object vehicle are changed: information entry device is used for entering the characteristic information into the object vehicle, and a characteristic change device is used for changing the characteristics of the object vehicle in accordance with the characteristic information formed by the characteristic information forming device. Characteristics of a vehicle can be readily changed to meet preference of driver, a driver's taste, driving condition, driving circumstances and the like with a compact system and at low cost.

Abstract: In order to provide a power inverter device which can reduce surge voltages in all of the operating conditions thereof and has a simple structure, in a neutral point clamped 3 level type power inverter device formed by connecting semiconductor switching elements, diodes and smoothing use capacitors connected via plate shaped conductors, a first plate shaped conductor connects the diodes and the smoothing use capacitors and a plurality of plate shaped conductors connecting the elements are disposed over the first plate shaped conductor and separated from it by an insulating material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phenylindole compounds of formula I: ##STR1## related to atypical neuroleptic sertindole.

Abstract: A vehicle having learning control includes a running condition detecting device for detecting a driving condition of the vehicle, a running characteristic control device for controlling a control gain to change a running characteristic of the vehicle and a gain control device for learning the running characteristic of the vehicle to change the control gain. The running characteristics of the vehicle can be controlled corresponding to various running conditions.

Abstract: In a copying machine, an original which has been once exposed to be scanned is inverted and transmitted again to an original table glass, and a sheet having one face onto which an image has been fixed is inverted and then transmitted through a transmitting path to an image forming section, whereby the top and back faces of the original are copied to the top and back faces of the sheet, respectively.

Abstract: A sheet feeding apparatus which is used for front-loading type copy machines and the like, adapted to store laterally two kinds of sheets either of different sizes and/or of different storing directions in one cassette. The two kinds of sheets are taken out selectively and separately and fed to the copying machine assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the two kinds of sheets are stored in a storing device and each kind is taken out from an opposite side thereof. The sheet-feeding apparatus when used with an image forming apparatus provides for multifunctions such as multiple copying and double-face copying.

Abstract: The posture of the automotive vehicle body is controlled by supplying or discharging the operating fluid to or from the cylinder unit for each wheel, which is interposed between a sprang weight and an unsprung weight. When an incident occurs to such an extent that the control over the posture of the vehicle body cannot be implemented in a normal way, the control is suspended. When such an incident occurs during cornering of the vehicle body, the suspension of the control over the posture of the body is so modified as to implement a special control, preferably control being made so as to lower the vehicle height by forcibly discharging the operating fluid from the cylinder unit. This prevents the vehicle body from being leaned after the end of the cornering. A decision as to cornering is made by taking advantage of the state of operation of the steering wheel or the magnitude of transverse acceleration.

Abstract: An operation apparatus for a vehicle automatic transmission mechanism includes first and second actuators, connected in parallel with a hydraulic valve, for driving the hydraulic valve to switch a travel range of an automatic transmission mechanism, a control unit for controlling the first and second actuators, and a transmission operation unit for outputting a range signal indicating a presently set travel range to the control unit. The transmission operation unit includes a stroke contact type operation switch on which travel ranges to be set are sequentially aligned along a predetermined path.

Abstract: A copy system includes a combination of a tablet and an input pen for inputting copy condition information such as a control condition and an editing condition, and a copying machine for forming a copy image in accordance with a copy condition information as inputted. An IC card insertion portions are respectively formed on the tablets and the copying machine. When the control condition, for example, a copy quantity and a copy magnification, and the editing condition, for example, an editing function and a positional data are inputted by the input pen and the tablet in the state where the IC card is loaded to the tablet, the inputted copy condition information is stored in the IC card. Thereafter, the IC card is unloaded from the tablet and inserted to the copying machine. The copy condition information is led from the inserted IC card to the copying machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for inputting image forming condition includes a combination of a tablet and an input pen. An IC card insertion portion is formed on the tablet. In the state that an IC card is loaded to the tablet, when a control condition, for example, a copy quantity and copy magnification and/or an editing condition, for example, editing function and positional data are inputted by operating the tablet by means of the input pen, the inputted image forming condition is stored into the IC card. Thereafter, by unloading the IC card from the tablet and loading the same into a copying machine, a copying image of an original is formed by the copying machine in accordance with the image forming condition read out from the IC card.

Abstract: A molding machine having a plunger replacement apparatus is disclosed. Molding operation of the molding machine for a plunger requiring replacement is only discontinued, and the plunger requiring replacement is taken out to a plunger replacing position through a reciprocating mechanism. Moving yokes are locked by locking mechanisms to fixed yokes at the pressing and plunger replacing positions. The position of the plunger is always held constant during the process of replacement at the plunger replacing position and also when the plunger is returned to the pressing position. When the plunger requiring replacement is taken out in a plunger replacing position, molding operation for the molding machine is continued by using the remaining plungers, thereby minimizing possible drop in molding operation productivity and preventing undesirable changes in temperature distribution conditions.

Abstract: A piping travelling apparatus having a plurality of continuous treads driven by motors through transmission gearing. The continuous treads are mounted to a frame and spaced apart a predetermined distance peripherally of the inner wall surface of the piping. At least one of the continuous treads is kept in contact with the inner wall surface of the piping no matter what the posture of the apparatus may be, so that the apparatus can travel without any trouble even if its posture undergoes a change when it moves along elevations and depressions on the inner wall surface of the piping or negotiates the boundary between different levels of the inner wall surface or bends of the piping. The apparatus enables a travel through piping of relatively small diameter having vertical or steeply slanted pipes to be made without any trouble.

Abstract: An apparatus for inputting image forming condition includes a display having item displaying portion in which a plurality of items of image forming condition for controlling image forming process are respectively displayed for each item and cursor displaying portion in which a plurality of cursors are formed so as to correspond to the respective items. A desired one of a plurality of cursors included in the cursor displaying portion is selectively displayed by a cursor key. When a given item is designated by the cursor key and a change key is operated in that state, content of that item is changed for every operations of the change key. The content lastly changed is inputted as image forming condition of that item.