Abstract: A color filter layer is formed on a glass substrate of a counter substrate. A bank pattern is formed of the same material as a red color-filter portion, a green color filter portion and a blue color filter portion of the color filter layer at the outside of the color filter layer on the glass substrate in the same step. A light shielding material is coated in a bank between the bank pattern and the color filter layer to form a light shielding layer. The light shielding layer can be formed so as to be continuous with the peripheral edge of the color filter layer. The light shielding layer is less likely to overlap with the inside of a display frame portion of the liquid crystal panel, and the aperture ratio is less likely to be reduced. The number of manufacturing steps of the light shielding layer is reduced.

Abstract: An array substrate includes scanning lines, signal lines, switching elements, an insulating film, a reception pattern which has a first frame, and a second frame, in which a groove is formed between the first frame and second frame, a projection which is formed in a part of the groove adjacent to the first frame, extended in a first coating direction, and controls the flow of light-shielding material, and a frame-like light-shielding pattern, which includes a first light-shielding part formed by coating the groove with the light-shielding material in the first coating direction by using an ink-jet method or a dispenser method, and is formed by coating the groove several times with the light-shielding material by using an ink-jet method or a dispenser method.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device that makes it possible to prevent coating unevenness of a colored layer from occurring. The liquid crystal display device includes a first colored layer, a second colored layer and a third colored layer, which layers are formed in a display area. In the liquid crystal display device, the first colored layer is arranged in a grid pattern in a manner of surrounding the second colored layer and the third colored layer. In addition, when (n, m) denotes the coordinates of a pixel having a grid square formed therein in the display area, grid squares are omitted in at least pixels of (n?1, m?1), (n?1, m+1), (n+1, m?1) and (n+1, m+1).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate, a counter-substrate, first pixel sections, second pixel sections, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter including first color layers, which form the first pixel sections, and second color layers which form the second pixel sections, and an undercoat insulation film including first light-transmissive inorganic parts, which form the first pixel sections and are set at such a film thickness that a wavelength at which a transmittance spectrum of the first pixel sections increases agrees with a wavelength at which a transmittance spectrum of the first color layers increases, and second light-transmissive inorganic parts which form the second pixel sections and are set at such a film thickness that a wavelength at which a transmittance spectrum of the second pixel sections increases agrees with a wavelength at which a transmittance spectrum of the second color layers increases.

Abstract: A color filter layer is formed on a glass substrate of a counter substrate. A bank pattern is formed of the same material as a red color-filter portion, a green color filter portion and a blue color filter portion of the color filter layer at the outside of the color filter layer on the glass substrate in the same step. A light shielding material is coated in a bank between the bank pattern and the color filter layer to form a light shielding layer. The light shielding layer can be formed so as to be continuous with the peripheral edge of the color filter layer. The light shielding layer is less likely to overlap with the inside of a display frame portion of the liquid crystal panel, and the aperture ratio is less likely to be reduced. The number of manufacturing steps of the light shielding layer is reduced.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer intervening between the first and second substrates and containing liquid crystal substances different from each other, a sum of values each calculated from a formula: X&agr;(RTlogP&agr;+HE&agr;) for all the liquid crystal substances in the liquid crystal layer being 32 kJ/mol or higher, wherein X&agr; denotes a molar fraction of a component &agr; in the liquid crystal layer, P&agr; denotes a distribution ratio of the component &agr; between an aqueous phase and a 1-octanol phase, HE&agr; denotes a hydration energy for 1 mol of the component &agr;, R denotes a gas constant of 8.3 J/K·mol, and T denotes a temperature of 300 K.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer intervening between the first and second substrates and containing liquid crystal substances different from each other, a sum of values each calculated from a formula: X&agr;(RT log P&agr;+HE&agr;) for all the liquid crystal substances in the liquid crystal layer being 32 kJ/mol or higher, wherein X&agr; denotes a molar fraction of a component &agr; in the liquid crystal layer, P&agr; denotes a distribution ratio of the component &agr; between an aqueous phase and a 1-octanol phase, HE&agr; denotes a hydration energy for 1 mol of the component &agr;, R denotes a gas constant of 8.3 J/K·mol, and T denotes a temperature of 300 K.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device, comprising two substrates each having an alignment film, a sealing member arranged in the outer peripheries of the two substrates to permit the outer peripheries of these two substrates, which are arranged such that the alignment films of these two substrates face each other, to be bonded to each other except a liquid crystal filling port, a spacer for keeping the two substrates a predetermined distance apart from each other, a liquid crystal layer formed by filling a liquid crystal material through the liquid crystal filling port into the clearance between the two substrates, and an end-sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal filling port, wherein total amounts of an alkyl acid, phenyl carboxylic acid or a phenyl carboxylic acid derivative, phenylene dicarboxylic acid or a phenylene dicarboxylic acid derivative, an alkyl amine, aniline or an aniline derivative, phenylene diamine or a phenylene diamine derivative, phenyleneamine carboxylic acid or a phenyl

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a birefringence control type liquid crystal display unit including a pair of substrates having electrodes on their first major surfaces and arranged with a predetermined distance therebetween such that the electrodes face each other, a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy, the material being disposed between the substrates, liquid-crystal molecules of the liquid crystal material being aligned vertically such that longitudinal axes of said molecules are inclined at a slight pretilt angle in respect of an axis vertical to the substrates when no voltage is applied to the electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates arranged on second major surfaces of the substrates, and a device circuit for driving the liquid crystal device in a multiplex manner. This device is characterized in that the liquid crystal material has a helical pitch in the state wherein the material is not disposed between the substrates, and the relationships of d.ltoreq.p and 50.ltoreq.f.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal device, liquid crystal molecules are twisted at a predetermined angle .theta. within the range of 180.degree. to 360.degree. between a pair of substances. Molecular alignment films are formed on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates such that an angle .alpha. between the axes of the adjacent liquid crystal molecules falls within the range of 0.degree. to 40.degree.. A liquid crystal composition having a twist abilities falling within the range of .theta.-(2500/.theta.)+.sqroot..alpha. (degrees) to .theta.-(12500/.theta.)+.sqroot..alpha. (degrees) is filled between the substrates, thereby eliminating a memory phenomenon and alignment defects such as reverse twisting alignment defects and at the same time improving multiplexing drive characteristics.