Abstract: A power supply apparatus is provided for energizing an electronic control unit mounted on a vehicle having a battery and a starter switch. The apparatus includes a coil connected to the power supply line, and a switch which operates for selectively enabling a current to flow through the coil and cutting off the current through the coil. A control circuit operates for selectively changing the switch between an ON state and an OFF state when the starter switch assumes an ON position. The ON and OFF states alternate in accordance with predetermined delays.

Abstract: Lens surfaces are transferred by press-molding a glass material (16) by an upper mold (1) and a lower mold (2). After the lens surfaces are transferred, the outer circumferential portions of the upper and lower molds (1, 2) are clamped and pressed sideways to correct a shift between the optical axes of the transfer molding surfaces of the upper and lower molds (1, 2) and an inclination of the optical axes.

Abstract: In an encapsulated contact material which varies little in contact resistance and has good working life performance, at least one contact coating layer is formed covering the surface of a contact substrate. The contact coating layer includes a substantial matrix formed of at least one element selected from a group including Mo, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, and W, the matrix being loaded with 0.5 to 50 atom % of at least one element selected from a group including Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi. The contact coating layer has a thickness of 0.1 .mu.m or more.

Abstract: An optical lens press-molded so that within at least the optically effective diameter thereof, the thickness thereof may become greater from the center of the optical axis thereof toward the marginal portion of the lens, characterized in that at least one of the both lens surfaces thereof is a spherical or aspherical concave lens continuous from a transferred surface formed so that in the area outside the optically effective diameter thereof, the thickness of the lens may be limited away from the extension of a curved surface of a radius of curvature setting the optically effective diameter toward the outer diameter of the lens, and forming the transferred surface up to at least the required outer diameter of the lens, and a free surface portion is left outside the outer diameter of the lens during molding.

Abstract: A surveying instrument including an operating portion having a number of keys including specific keys which are assigned specific functions, an indicator which produces an indication corresponding to the specific keys, an indication mode switching device which changes the indication from a first indication mode to a second indication mode when one specific key is actuated once, and a controller which performs the specific function only when the associated key is actuated in accordance with a predetermined operation pattern during the indication of the function at the second indication mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming an optical device of a desired shape presses a heat-softened optical material using a set of molds. The optical material is aligned with respect to the molds by two or more aligning members which move around the center of the mold relative to each other. The optical material may also be aligned by inserting a pin into an aligning hole which is fixed to the mold body and has been aligned with respect to the molds.

Abstract: An electronic distance measuring device which includes a radiation source for emitting frequency-modulated radiation along one of two paths. The electronic distance measuring device also has a device for switching the emitted radiation from one of the two paths to the other of the two paths, a detector for detecting the radiation emitted along the paths, and a device for determining a difference in phase between the emitted radiation and the detected radiation. The detection of the phase difference is performed twice between two consecutive switchings of the light paths. A distance of the electronic distance measuring device from an objective station is then calculated in accordance with the determined phase difference.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for an optical glass element having a refractive index equal to a design value after press-molding. A glass material of specified composition is melted and press-molded while it is in the molten state. The refractive index of the glass material is calculated by substracting a change in the refractive index of the glass material resulting from the press-molding from a required refractive index for a molded glass element.

Abstract: A variable load current supply unit supplies a current to be consumed by a constant voltage output unit to a power source terminal thereof, and supplies a current to be consumed by a load circuit thereto through a reference voltage output terminal. The constant voltage output unit maintains a potential of the power source terminal thereof, i.e., a potential of the reference voltage output terminal, at a fixed potential. A base potential control unit negatively feeds back changes in the potential on the reference voltage output terminal to a base of an emitter follower transistor in the variable load current supply unit. In this way, when the current consumed by the load current is reduced and the potential on the reference voltage output terminal thereby slightly increases the current supplied by the variable load current supply unit decreases.

Abstract: A CRT display device capable of displaying a signal from the existing image signal source, in which a vertical frequency is approximately fixed and a horizontal frequency is widely distributed beyond a ratio of 3:1, on one image screen. The CRT display device includes a scan converter unit and a display unit. The scan converter unit includes an output horizontal frequency unifying circuit, a horizontal blanking period ratio converting circuit, a vertical frequency converting unit and a vertical blanking period ratio converting circuit. The display unit includes a vertical deflection circuit and a circuit for correcting a vertical S-shaped distortion. In a phase synchronous circuit, a lock-out detector is connected to an output of a three state output digital phase detector, and on the basis of an output thereof, a switch is subjected to the "ON"/"OFF" control.

Abstract: A protective device (10) comprising a glove (12) constructed of an electrically conductive material (14) to be worn on a hand (16) of a person (18). A structure (20) is for grounding the glove (12). Spark plug wires (22) in an engine (24) of a motor vehicle (26) can be handled by the person (18) without danger of electrical shock. This will also minimize damage to an ignition module and/or distributor components (28) by grounding high voltage from a coil (30) in the engine (24) of the motor vehicle (26).

Abstract: A method of molding an optical element numerically analyzes the thermal stress produced on a molded optical element product within a mold in a visco-elastic temperature range or elastic temperature range of an optical element material in a cooling step of the molding process on the basis of a visco-elastic characteristic of the optical element material. A correction for the molding face of the mold is made on the basis of the value obtained by the numerical analysis so that any error between the optical functional face of optical element molded by the mold at room temperature and the optical functional face set on design may fall within a tolerance, thereby determining the molding face adapted to the shape of the optical functional face set on design.

Abstract: A document retrieving method in a document management system which manages documents, using a computer. The classification of documents is managed in accordance with a plurality of node trees constructed in a hierarchical structure. Each document is related to at least one node among a plurality of nodes in the node trees. In retrieval, an OR merge operation is performed on documents related to all the nodes ranging from the target node and extending through all lower nodes linked directly and indirectly to the target mode of a designated node tree to form a collection of documents. When a different node tree is designated, a similar OR operation is performed on documents related to all the nodes ranging from the target node to lower nodes linked directly and indirectly to the target node to create another collection of documents. These steps are repeated and an AND-marge operation is performed on the obtained collections of documents to create and output a final collection of documents.

Abstract: A video display system that includes a housing has arranged thereon a plurality of video input terminals for receiving a plurality of video signals having different scanning frequencies. An expansion/compression processing circuit replaceably mounted on the housing receives and expands/compresses the plurality of video signals and produces at least one video signal expanded/compressed in synchronism with a sync signal selected by a sync switching circuit. At least one of the video signals is synthesized with another video signal, and the synthesized video signal is produced by a video signal synthesis circuit. A video signal from the video signal synthesis circuit is used to generate a video display signal in synchronism with the sync signal. This video display signal is applied to a display. At least one such video display system, an AV controller, a central control console and a lecture table are combined to realize a screen display system.

Abstract: In order to enable sampling of high definition still video signals in addition to common video signals, a function is added for sampling video signals with every other plurality of picture elements as an interval to an image processing apparatus without using a sampling circuit which requires high speed operations. The invention is also intended to change over between two circuits that is, a circuit for using a picture element clock regenerated by a PLL circuit as a sampling clock for analog to digital converters and a circuit for using a clock obtained by dividing the picture element clock as a sampling clock for the analog to digital converters to sample video signals with every other plurality of picture elements as an interval. Thus, it is possible to carry out sampling of high definition video signals with high frequencies in addition to common video signals without necessity of raising the operating speed of the sampling circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a thin film of an oxide superconductor represented by formula Sr.sub.1-x Nd.sub.x CuO.sub.2 on a substrate. The oxide superconductor has a tetragonal crystal structure, the lattice constant in a-axis falling within a range of between 0.385 nm and 0.410 nm, and the lattice constant in c-axis being an integer number of times as much as a level falling within a range of between 0.310 nm and 0.350 nm. The method includes the steps of forming by epitaxial growth a film of a crystal having lattice constants close to those of the crystal of said oxide superconductor on a substrate, and forming a thin film of the oxide superconductor of a tetragonal crystal structure represented by general formula (I) by a thin film-forming technique.

Abstract: A method of molding an optical element numerically analyzes the thermal stress produced on a molded optical element product within a mold in a visco-elastic temperature range or elastic temperature range of an optical element material in a cooling step of the molding process is on the basis of a visco-elastic characteristic of the optical element material. A correction for the molding face of the mold is made on the basis of the value obtained by the numerical analysis so that any error between the optical functional face of optical element molded by the mold at room temperature and the optical functional face set on design may fall within a tolerance, thereby determining the molding face adapted to the shape of the optical functional face set on design.

Abstract: A mold for use for press-molding an optical element, in which a molding surface of a mold base material is coated with a hard carbon film containing 0-5 atom% of hydrogen. It has a spin density of 1.times.10.sup.18 spin/cm.sup.3 or less and a film density of at least 1.5 g/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: A diamond sintered product having diamond particles sintered with a suitable sintering aid is the most suitable as the material for the mold for optical element molding, because it has in combination the advantage of diamond that no fusion with glass at high temperature occurs and oxidation occurs with difficulty to give rise to no precipitation of lead, an appropriate hardness and also the advantage that mirror polishing is possible. "There is also disclosed a mold which has a diamond layer having a (100) face, made by the CVD method utilizing gas having 1-3% methane in hydrogen.

Abstract: A transmitting circuit is provided which includes a control circuit for transmitting and receiving a communication signal. Transmit information is modulated into a trapezoidal wave signal using a waveform shaping circuit. A communication signal is first generated on the basis of the trapezoidal wave signal and transmitted to a first transmission line. From this communication signal, a second communication signal is generated having an inverted polarity waveform shape relative to the first communication signal. This inverted polarity triangular wave signal is, in turn, output from a second transmission line BUS-. In addition, a receiving circuit is provided for receiving like signals from other communication devices which share the first and second transmission lines BUS+ and BUS-. The receiving circuit includes a comparator circuit for demodulating received signals on the transmission lines to generate square wave equivalent signals which a processing unit can logically interpret.