Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrochemical reaction device that is advantageous from the viewpoint of energy efficiency while continuously oxidizing NAD and decomposing glucose. An electrochemical reaction device of the present disclosure includes a first tank, a second tank, a membrane, and a voltage application device. The first tank accommodates glucose dehydrogenase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Further, a working electrode is disposed in the first tank. A counter electrode is disposed in the second tank. The voltage application device applies a voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode. The membrane separates the inside of the first tank and the inside of the second tank from each other. The membrane blocks permeation of the glucose dehydrogenase and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and has ion conductivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a control method for a treatment device which is advantageous from the viewpoint of coping with change of a component contained in a treatment target while a reaction system including an oxidoreductase and a coenzyme is used. An enzyme electrode used in the control method for the treatment device according to the present disclosure includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and an enzyme portion. The second conductor is electrically insulated from the first conductor. The enzyme portion is fixed to a surface of the first conductor. The enzyme portion includes the oxidoreductase and the coenzyme. The second conductor has a surface to which only one enzyme selected from the group consisting of the oxidoreductase and the coenzyme is fixed, or to which a portion including both the oxidoreductase and the coenzyme is not fixed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for controlling a treatment apparatus having advantages from the viewpoint of dealing with a change in a component contained in a treatment target while using a reaction system containing a redox enzyme and a coenzyme. The method for controlling a treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure includes acquiring of a first relationship R1 between a first voltage value and a first current value corresponding to the first voltage value by applying a voltage between a first electrode and a second electrode in a state where a treatment liquid does not contain the redox enzyme or the coenzyme. The controlling method includes acquiring of a second relationship R2 between a second voltage value and a second current value corresponding to the second voltage value by applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode in a state where the treatment liquid contains the redox enzyme and the coenzyme.

Abstract: An electric reaction measuring apparatus measures a potential of each of measurement electrodes, which are respectively disposed in chambers in a culture vessel, with respect to at least one reference electrode. The electric reaction measuring apparatus includes at least one control circuit. A measurement object is disposed in each of the chambers. The at least one control circuit calculates at least one principal component for each of the measurement electrodes by performing principal component analysis of the potential of each of the measurement electrodes; estimates, for each of the measurement electrodes, a potential corresponding to the principal component from the principal component of the measurement electrode, and synthesizes the estimated potential; subtracts the synthesized potential of the measurement electrode from a potential measured at the measurement electrode; and outputs a potential after subtraction.

Abstract: A method for evaluating drug responsiveness includes disposing a myocardial cell produced through differential induction onto a board including an electrode, administering a drug to the myocardial cell, continuously applying, after the drug is administered, a pulse current or a pulse voltage to the myocardial cell through the electrode for a certain period of time, measuring, after the certain period of time has elapsed, a pulsation characteristic of the myocardial cell, and evaluating responsiveness of the myocardial cell to the drug on a basis of the pulsation characteristic.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique which makes it possible to evaluate a state of a cell aggregation of one or more spheroids. In the culture state determination device according to the present disclosure, a plurality of light sources sequentially illuminate a plurality of cell aggregations put on an image sensor. The image sensor acquires captured images of the plurality of the cell aggregations each time when the plurality of the light sources illuminate the plurality of the cell aggregations.

Abstract: A cell culture chip comprises a body having a first flow channel and a second flow channel at least part of which overlaps the first flow channel when seen from an angle parallel with a predetermined direction, a cell separation membrane having first and second principal surfaces facing away from each other, the cell separation membrane being disposed between the first flow channel and the second flow channel so that the first flow channel is located on the first principal surface and the second flow channel is located on the second principal surface, a first electrode which is in contact with the first flow channel and extending through the first flow channel along the first flow channel, and a second electrode which is in contact with the second flow channel and extending through the second flow channel along the second flow channel.

Abstract: A fiber sheet of the present disclosure includes: a first fiber layer including a plurality of first fibers, the plurality of first fibers comprising a thermoplastic polymer and arranged side by side in a first direction; a second fiber layer including a plurality of second fibers, the plurality of second fibers comprising a thermoplastic polymer and arranged side by side in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and disposed to face the first fiber layer; and a nanofiber layer including nanofibers, the nanofibers comprising any one of a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting polymer, a biodegradable polymer, and a biological polymer, the nanofiber layer disposed to be in contact with the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer, in which the nanofiber layer is heat-welded to the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer.

Abstract: A cell culture chip has a stack structure formed by sequentially stacking: a first electrode provided on a main surface of a first board; a first partition wall layer including a first main flow path, and a first inlet flow path and a first outlet flow path connected to the first main flow path; a planar mesh structure sheet used as a scaffolding material for cells; a second partition wall layer including a second main flow path, and a second inlet flow path and a second outlet flow path connected to the second main flow path; and a second electrode provided on a main surface of a second board, in which the planar mesh structure sheet is sandwiched between the first partition wall layer and the second partition wall layer, and, among aperture ratios of a surface of the planar mesh structure sheet facing the first partition wall layer, an aperture ratio of a portion facing the first main flow path is greater than an aperture ratios of portions facing the first inlet flow path and the first outlet flow path, an

Abstract: A cellular potential measurement substrate includes an insulating substrate having, on a main surface thereof, a culture region for culturing a cell, a measurement electrode disposed in the culture region and configured to measure a potential of the cell, a plurality of insulating fibers arranged on the culture region side by side at intervals in a Y-direction and each extending in an X-direction, a frame plate disposed on the plurality of insulating fibers and having a culture hole at a position corresponding to the culture region, and an adhesive that has bonded the frame plate to the insulating substrate. The frame plate further has a first adhesion through-hole into which the adhesive has been injected. The first adhesion through-hole is disposed in a first region that does not overlap the culture hole when viewed in the first direction.

Abstract: A fiber mesh sheet is provided, in which the fiber mesh sheet has a mesh structure in which two or more layers of planar fiber arrangement groups are laminated, where, in each of the planar fiber arrangement groups, longitudinal directions of a plurality of fibers made of a polymer material are arranged in a plane along one direction, longitudinal directions of the fibers in one of the fiber arrangement groups intersect those of the fibers in the other fiber arrangement group in two adjacent layers of the fiber arrangement groups at an intersecting angle of 30° or more and 150° or less in a plan view seen from a direction perpendicular to the plane, an upper part of a cross section of the fiber in the fiber arrangement group at a lowermost layer is a substantially circular shape, and a lower part of a cross section of the fiber in the fiber arrangement group at the lowermost layer is a substantially flat shape, where the upper part is a side on which the adjacent fiber arrangement group is present, and the lo

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a ? myosin heavy chain in cardiac muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Homo sapiens. In the present method, first, a liquid culture medium containing the cardiac muscle cells is supplied onto a substrate comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and insulative fibers on the surface thereof. At least a part of the insulative fibers is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a top view of the substrate. Then, the substrate is left at rest. Finally, the cardiac muscle cells are cultivated, while a pulse electric current is applied to the cardiac muscle cells through the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a ? myosin heavy chain in cardiac muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Homo sapiens. In the present method, first, a liquid culture medium containing the cardiac muscle cells is supplied onto a substrate comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and insulative fibers on the surface thereof. At least a part of the insulative fibers is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a top view of the substrate. Then, the substrate is left at rest. Finally, the cardiac muscle cells are cultivated, while a pulse electric current is applied to the cardiac muscle cells through the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A method for evaluating drug responsiveness includes disposing a myocardial cell produced through differential induction onto a board including an electrode, administering a drug to the myocardial cell, continuously applying, after the drug is administered, a pulse current or a pulse voltage to the myocardial cell through the electrode for a certain period of time, measuring, after the certain period of time has elapsed, a pulsation characteristic of the myocardial cell, and evaluating responsiveness of the myocardial cell to the drug on a basis of the pulsation characteristic.

Abstract: An electric reaction measuring apparatus measures a potential of each of measurement electrodes, which are respectively disposed in chambers in a culture vessel, with respect to at least one reference electrode. The electric reaction measuring apparatus includes at least one control circuit. A measurement object is disposed in each of the chambers. The at least one control circuit calculates at least one principal component for each of the measurement electrodes by performing principal component analysis of the potential of each of the measurement electrodes; estimates, for each of the measurement electrodes, a potential corresponding to the principal component from the principal component of the measurement electrode, and synthesizes the estimated potential; subtracts the synthesized potential of the measurement electrode from a potential measured at the measurement electrode; and outputs a potential after subtraction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique which makes it possible to evaluate a state of a cell aggregation of one or more spheroids. In the culture state determination device according to the present disclosure, a plurality of light sources sequentially illuminate a plurality of cell aggregations put on an image sensor. The image sensor acquires captured images of the plurality of the cell aggregations each time when the plurality of the light sources illuminate the plurality of the cell aggregations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell potential measuring electrode assembly comprising: an insulating substrate; a conductive pattern arranged in the insulating substrate; an insulating fiber having cell compatibility; and a measurement electrode. The insulating fiber is arranged on the insulating substrate. The measurement electrode has a front surface and a back surface. The back surface of the measurement electrode is in contact with the conductive pattern. The insulating fiber is not arranged on the front surface of the measurement electrode. The cell potential measuring electrode assembly according to the present invention has low impedance. The cell potential measuring electrode assembly according to the present invention is suitable to measure electric potential change of a cardiomyocyte.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a ? myosin heavy chain in cardiac muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Homo sapiens. In the present method, first, a liquid culture medium containing the cardiac muscle cells is supplied onto a substrate comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and insulative fibers on the surface thereof. At least a part of the insulative fibers is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a top view of the substrate. Then, the substrate is left at rest. Finally, the cardiac muscle cells are cultivated, while a pulse electric current is applied to the cardiac muscle cells through the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A storage medium management device may include a non-volatile storage, an error information register, and a congenital defective block identification register. The storage stores a defective block identification indicating a location of a defective block in a plurality of storage media. The error information register stores error information indicating that an error has occurred in access to the plurality of storage media. If at least one of the plurality of storage media has been replaced, the congenital defective block identification register identifies based on the error information a replaced storage medium of the plurality of storage media, reads a congenital defective block identification indicating a location of a congenital defective block from a prescribed block of the storage medium replaced, and updates the defective block identification of the replaced storage medium, with the congenital defective block identification read out from the replacing storage medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell potential measuring electrode assembly comprising: an insulating substrate; a conductive pattern arranged in the insulating substrate; an insulating fiber having cell compatibility; and a measurement electrode. The insulating fiber is arranged on the insulating substrate. The measurement electrode has a front surface and a back surface. The back surface of the measurement electrode is in contact with the conductive pattern. The insulating fiber is not arranged on the front surface of the measurement electrode. The cell potential measuring electrode assembly according to the present invention has low impedance. The cell potential measuring electrode assembly according to the present invention is suitable to measure electric potential change of a cardiomyocyte.