Abstract: In a process for cleaning a glass window of a motor vehicle with a wiper apparatus having a wiper, including applying a washer fluid including a cleaning agent and water to the glass window from a container located in the motor vehicle, and moving the wiper over the glass window with the wiper apparatus to at least partially clean the glass window with the washer fluid, the improvement includes spraying or blowing a polishing composition containing a metal oxide powder on the glass window, advantageously from a container located in the motor vehicle, and cleaning the glass window with the polishing composition containing the metal oxide powder by action of the wiper together with the polishing composition, so that, when present on the glass window, a hydrophobic dirt layer formed on the glass window is removed. The metal oxide powder advantageously has a particle size from 10 nm to 1 micrometer and is cerium oxide.

Abstract: An angle sensor is proposed, preferably a no-contact angle sensor, particularly for use in motor vehicles, with the angle sensor including a component (10) that is carried along by the arrangement whose angular displacement is to be monitored, and a measuring device (12) for determining the rotational displacement angle (13, .PSI.). The measuring device (12, 14, 16) is hermetically encapsulated and includes a magnetic coupling (22, 24) between the carried-along component (10) and the measuring device (12, 14, 16).

Abstract: A heat-retention device for windows, doors or the like is proposed, in the form of a curtain (10) or roller shade, which has a plastic foil as a carrier, to which at least one vapor-deposited or atomized metal coating having a high reflective capacity in the long-wave heat radiation range is applied. The plastic foil is subdivided at least in some areas, for instance by perforation (11) or by the joining together of narrow strips (15, 16), in order to alter its mechanical properties with a view to reducing its elasticity. The result is a structure which is substantially better and esthetically more pleasing when used in the form of curtains or roller shades.

Abstract: A substantially transparent multilayer web with high reflectivity in the far infra-red spectral range based on a polyester foil carrier and utilizing a metal layer, preferably of silver, has dielectric protective layers on both sides of the silver layer containing bismuth oxide, which has a desired corrosion-protection effect, as well as desirable optical properties. The bismuth content is between 10 and 85% by weight of the total metal content of the dielectric layer. Another oxide is used, either in a separate layer or as an admixture to reduce the effect of ultraviolet light.

Abstract: To provide a heat barrier structure, for example a polyester or glass substrate (11, 21, 31) which includes a metal reflective layer (13, 25, 33) has, additionally, a dielectric cover layer applied, for example, in an argon-oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere, which forms a dielectric layer thereover which includes a nitride, so that the cover layer, or the layer or layers immediately adjacent the metal, will have improved resistance against external mechanical, chemical and electrochemical influences and specifically improved corrosion resistance, while retaining excellent light transmissivity characteristics and high reflection to long infrared heat radiation. The invention also provides a heat barrier structure in which a corrosion inhibiting protective layer is positioned between the transparent substrate and the metal reflective layer and the at least one dielectric cover layer.

Abstract: To improve the corrosion resistance of a metallic layer which is being burned off by electrodes, and decrease the contact pressure of the electrodes by eliminating metallic residues upon an electrical discharge between an electrode and a metallic surface, the metallic surface layer is a two-metal system having a top layer of aluminum and an intermediate layer of nickel, the metals, upon electrical discharge in air, reacting in an exothermal reaction if the energy level of the electrical discharge between the electrode and the metallic surface is sufficient to initiate the reaction.

Abstract: A strip of recording paper on which a metallization is formed on a paper substrate, which metallization is burned off under the influence of an electrical discharge is passed beneath a recording head. In one embodiment, the recording head is moved transversely across the recording paper, while in engagement with a group of contact tracks which are, selectively, energized in accordance with the desired alphanumeric output. The recording head is formed with point contact electrodes and line-contact electrodes. The alphanumeric output is displayed on the instrument in segmental form and when a segment is to be printed in the direction transverse to the relative direction of movement of the head and the paper, the line-contact electrode is momentarily energized to cause printing of a line; if a segment is to be printed which extends in the direction of relative movement of the head and the paper, a point contact segment is energized for a distance corresponding to the distance of the segment to be formed.

Abstract: The wire, ribbon, or the like, is repetitively bent back and forth until it breaks, the bending being, preferably, effected rapidly, for example by means of an electromagnet fed, for example, with line frequency alternating current. The wire is guided in a guide tool which deflects the wire transversely to its axis rapidly back and forth, thus effecting breaking within about one second of application of bending stresses. This is particularly useful to sever tiny wires, in the order of 100 .mu.m diameter, as connecting leads in semiconductor and thin film technology.

Abstract: A carrier medium for recording comprises a ribbon of insulating material and a metal coating deposited thereon in a thickness of at least 250 A which coating is adapted to be electrically seared for producing writing trackings. The coating is predominantly composed of vapor deposited aluminum of which at least 15% by weight is in the form of aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide hydrate or a combination of these two compounds.The content of oxygen-attached aluminum in the metallic coating is determined by first measuring the total aluminum contents per surface unit in a definite size specimen of the coating, then placing the specimen into alkali to evolve hydrogen in an amount equivalent to the metallic aluminum present in the coating, whereupon the amount of hydrogen developed is determined by gas chromatography.

Abstract: A vapor deposited aluminum metallizing film is transformed into a transparent insulating oxide at selective locations at which a film of bismuth or sodium is vapor deposited either beforehand on the substrate or afterward on the aluminum. The oxide forms at only the selected locations to the full depth of the layer and has insulating qualities of interest for electrical components. The use of a pigmented substrate which will show through the transparent oxide areas is useful for providing visible legends, symbols, scales, and reference margins, marks or rasters.

Abstract: To permit coating of wide area work surfaces, such as wide tapes, ribbons and the like, a vaporization substance is retained in an elongated trough, transverse to the direction of movement of the ribbon. Alongside the trough, the pole shoes of magnets are placed to provide a magnetic shield transverse to the longitudinal extent of the trough, and with respect to the direction of movement of the web to be coated. An electron beam is then impinged on the surface of the vaporization substance in the trough at an angle between zero and 90.degree., preferably between 30.degree. and 60.degree. and desirably in the order of about 45.degree. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field, so that the magnetic field and the electron beam will interact to deflect the electron beam to assume a spiral path which penetrates the surface of the vaporization substance.