Abstract: A manually operable flashlight unit (10) having a foot part (11) fitting a finder shoe (6) on a camera (1), standard contacts (9′) for chassis ground and (8′) for flash release being arranged in the foot part (11), has the additional feature that a single further contact (7′) is provided in the foot part (11) for a bidirectional information exchange between a circuit arrangement (13) contained in the flashlight unit (10) and a circuit arrangement (12) arranged in the camera (1).

Abstract: An objective for use in photographic compact cameras has a relative aperture of 3.5 and a focal length of 35 mm, and is of the triplet type. The lens element on the object side is a cemented element. In order to achieve an extremely compact structural shape and balanced monochromatic correction, as well as a reduction in the chromatic magnification difference, the color coma and the color astigmatism, four design conditions are specified.

Abstract: A scanning grating for a focusing detector and a focusing detector are described. The scanning grating serves as an image scanner and spatial frequency filter and includes at least two surface elements splitting up an incident luminous flux into two spatially separate light fluxes and by means of which, in conjunction with a field lens, two images of the exit pupil, or parts thereof, of an associated optical system are generated in a plane in which at least two photo-receiver systems are mounted. Means acting optically as complementary plane-parallel plates are provided to split up the luminous flux from the optical system into two spatially separate light fluxes.

Abstract: A method and a circuit arrangement for photographic cameras for automatic determination of the exposure value by means of electrical signals obtained from integrated and selective brightness measurements of the object to be exposed. A difference value is formed, for the exposure control, in a manner which is known per se, from the comparison of an electrical signal value derived from the selective metering with an electrical signal value generated from the integrated metering. A correction value is determined from the comparison of the difference value with a threshold value. The correction value is set off against the electrical signal value generated from the integrated metering, and the value resulting from the setoff is used for exposure control of the camera.

Abstract: The exposure meter is used in mirror reflex cameras wherein an image of an object projected by a picture taking lens onto an image plane is observed by means of a pentaprism through an ocular. For the purpose of the selective integral or spot exposure metering, a pentaprism (6) is provided at the lower edge of its exit surface with a partly transmitting concave mirror (16). The angles of the pentaprism (6) are selected so that a portion of the light flux leaving the exit pupil (EP) of the picture-taking lens (2) is incident on this concave mirror (16). A first photoelectric detector system is associated with the concave mirror (16) and a second detector system is associated with the prism surface (6c) following the concave mirror in the direction of the beam path, and the output signals from these detectors control a display and/or an exposure control. An additional optical component (13,14a,15b,15) is provided to implement a desired beam path in the pentaprism (6).

Abstract: Disclosed is a reflex camera having a range finder assembly consisting of a focussing disk, field lens, pentaprism and eyepiece and having an electronic range finder wherein the imaging lens of the reflex camera projects an image of the object to be photographed onto a grating which is arranged in an image plane of the imaging objective lens and which acts as a spatial frequency filter. This image is projected through the pentaprism by means of a fully reflecting concave mirror ground onto the lower edge of the exit surface of the pentaprism. A photoelectric receiver system is associated with the grating, and a reflecting grooved grating is provided as the spatial frequency filter. The groove plane is arranged parallel or obliquely with respect to the image plane, so that the partial beams created by the splitting of the principal beam on the reflecting grooved grating are reflected back in the direction of the top edge surfaces of the pentaprism.

Abstract: In a mirror reflex camera (1) having a viewer system consisting of a focusing screen (4), a field lens (5) a pentaprism (7) and an ocular (6) and with an electronic range finder (9, 10a10n), an optical means (11) defining a measuring spot is arranged in the plane of the focusing screen for the purpose of splitting the exit pupil (AP) of the picture-taking objective (2). This optical means is a clear-glass wedge and splits a partial beam (12) off the viewer beam (8). This partial beam serves to generate, upon its reflection from the surfaces 7b and 7a of the pentaprism (7) and from the concave mirror 7d ground on the lower edge of the exit side 7c, an image (B") of the object onto the lens elements 10a-10n of the array (9)of photoelectric detectors.

Abstract: A photographic camera with an electrical circuit for generating an electric signal proportional to the relative motion between the object sighted and the camera. The camera has a control circuit which receives the generated signal and provides an output signal which is fed to a display and/or control device. An indicator is provided to the user of the camera for indicating whether the exposure time is set too long for the relative motion present between the object and the camera. Automatic control of the camera is also provided. Individual photosensor elements are arranged in two alternately connected groups within the electrical circuit. The individual photosensor elements may also be arranged in two substantially perpendicular directions to provide a relative motion signal corresponding to two dimensional movement between the object to the photographed and the camera.

Abstract: An optical electronic device such as a photographic camera having an objective optical system for forming two images of the same object laterally offset with respect to each other, and a photoelectric receiving device receiving the offset signals. The photoelectric receiving device includes a pair of individual photoelectric receivers upon each of which one of the images of the object is incident. The individual receivers have approximately equal receiving areas which uniformly increase laterally from one side to the other and each receiver provides electrical output signals to an electronic difference circuit.

Abstract: A mirror reflex camera having a pentaprism and an electronic rangefinder is improved by displacing the viewer axis by an angle up to 5.degree. downward with respect to the optical axis of the picture taking lens. This is accomplished by modifying the pentaprism to have a fully specular concave mirror (7b) at the lower edge of the exit surface of pentaprism (7) and by selecting the angular dimensions of the pentaprism (7) so that the viewer axis (8a) deviates by an angle beta up to 5.degree. downward with respect to the optical axis (8) which is horizontal in the ordinary operational position of the camera, and by having ocular (6) offset upward and so slanted with respect to its position when the optic axis (8) is horizontal that the ocular axis (6a) subtends an angle alpha up to 5.degree. with the optic axis (8).

Abstract: A system for determining photoelectrically the position of at least one focus plane of an image within an optical apparatus, wherein the object is reproduced at least at one spatial frequency filter of an optical image correlator and there is measurement and/or display of the light fluxes leaving the local frequency filter.In this system light fluxes traversing differing pupil sections of the reproducing optics are modulated in common by a spatial frequency filter and are split up geometrically or physically, or by means of additional modulation in correspondence with the pupil sections. They are consecutively or simultaneously projected on a common photoelectric receiver or on separate photoelectric receivers, the output signals of which are processed further for purposes of controlling display and/or follow-up devices.