Abstract: A device for discouraging small domestic or wild animals from frequenting areas where they may become a nuisance. The device comprises a mat made of non-conductive material to be spread over the area. A plurality of conductive surfaces are spaced on the upper surface of the mat so that adjacent conductive surfaces are electrically insulated from each other. An electric control is associated with the conductive surfaces and provides electric power thereto so that when an animal walks on the mat its body completes a circuit between live and ground areas on the mat and the animal is thereby provided with an unpleasant electrical sensation.

Abstract: A device for primary separation of valuable ore material from gravel or other waste in placer mining prior to sluicing. The separator comprises a frame having sides and front and back ends and adapted to be inclined at an angle to the horizontal during operation. A material entrance is provided at the elevated end. A screen comprising a plurality of hinged rigid plates, laterally extending across the frame, extends from side to side and front to back of the frame and is supported within the frame. The end of the screen at the elevated end of the separator is secured to the frame. The plates are spaced from adjacent plates a pre-determined distance. Screen distortion means comprising a plurality of spaced rows of rounded projections are mounted on the carriage. These projections bear against the bottom surface of the screen whereby, during operation, they move with the carriage back and forth beneath the hinged plates to create a wave action on the screen to move material across the screen from front to back.