Abstract: An light emitting diode of indium gallium aluminum phosphide with a substrate, an electrical contact to the substrate, a dual hetero structure as a active zone comprising a first cladding layer, an active layer and a second cladding layer to which, a window layer is applied, and to which in turn, an electrical contact is applied. This window layer is made of gallium aluminum phosphide.

Abstract: The light-emitting diode consists of a substrate and a light-emission-generating layer located on the substrate and embedded between the cladding layers of a double heterostructure. On the top cladding layer, a current diffusion layer is located on which there is a further contact layer structure. The current diffusion layer is sufficiently thin so as to hardly absorb any light-emission. Thus, it can be economically produced by means of the MOCVD process. At the same time, the contact layer structure is provided with branched and finger-type electrodes for distributing the current together with the current diffusion layer onto the surface of the light-emission-generating layer. However, the structural size of the branched and finger-type electrodes is selected such that these can still be manufactured by the standard processes used in LED manufacture.

Abstract: A varactor diode comprising a semiconductor element, with a pn-junction barrier layer or rectifying metal semiconductor junction on one outer face, an ohmic substrate contact on the opposite outer face and a glass casing in which the diode is hermetically sealed.

Abstract: An arrangement with several phototransistors wherein the phototransistors are interconnected in such a way that n (n-1) (n-2) phototransistors can be triggered with n leads, n being one whole number larger than or equal to 3, the three connections emitter, base and collector of each phototransistor being connected to three different leads, no two phototransistors being connected in the same way to the same leads, the leads being able to take on three states, i.e.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide an arrangement comprising several or a plurality of light-sensitive components having as few contacts as possible. According to the invention there is provided an arrangement comprising several light-sensitive components, with one rectifying component connected in series to each light-sensitive component, further comprising a lead matrix with column leads and line leads, with the mth line lead connected directly to the mth column lead and to the remaining column leads through one series connection, respectively, consisting of a light-sensitive component and a rectifying component. External contacts are attached to the line leads or column leads.

Abstract: In an arrangement for displaying information comprising antiparallel-connected pairs of a light-emitting diodes n supply lines are used to control 2n-3 pairs of diodes, the diodes being connected so that none of the lines cross.

Abstract: An arrangement for displaying images using light emitting diodes comprises two types of modules arranged to form a square matrix with the modules of one diagonal being of the first type and the remaining modules being of the second type, the first type having the same number of horizontal and column lines with each horizontal line connected to only one column line and the remaining crossing points having light emitting diodes connected between the horizontal and column lines and the second type having the same number of horizontal and column lines as the first type and light emitting diodes connected between horizontal and column lines at each crossing point.