Abstract: An apparatus is provided for separating individual bowls from a stack of bowls for receiving foodstuffs. The apparatus includes a machine frame for fixing components of the apparatus, a holding device for holding the stack, a separating device for separating individual bowls from the stack, having a separating element, and a drive device. The holding device has at least one bottom carrier element that is mounted in the region of a bottom of a lowermost bowl of the stack moveably by the device such that it temporarily carries the bowl from below and can be moved away from the region of the bottom of the lowermost bowl so that the lowermost bowl can be separated from the stack in a downward direction while the stack remains in the holding device. In addition, a corresponding method is provided of separating a bowl from a stack of bowls for receiving foodstuffs.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a suspension apparatus (1) for hanging up and transporting at least one sausage string (2) including a transport device (6) for transporting the at least one sausage string (2), that has at least one carrier hook (8) for carrying the sausage string (2), the hook being movable along a path of movement (10) by means of a guide and drive device. The apparatus further includes a spreading device (14) arranged stationarily relative to the transport device (6) for spreading the sausage string (2). The spreading device has at least one spreading element (16) which is arranged adjacent to the path of movement (10) of the carrier hook (8) and which in operation acts on the sausage string (2) carried by the carrier hook (8) in such a way that the sausage string (2) is spread.

Abstract: Casing holding device for filling tubular cases with a pasty foodstuff material. A casing brake, in a portioning position, is in contact with a case drawn on to a filling tube and produces a pressing force between case and filling tube. An adjusting device is configured for moving the casing brake between the portioning position and a casing change position in which the casing brake is uncoupled from the filling tube. The adjusting device has a guide linkage which has a plurality of links and which is adapted for the casing brake in at least a first phase of the movement out of the portioning position into the casing change position to be moved substantially axially relative to the longitudinal axis of the filling tube and to be pivoted in at least a second phase of the movement relative to the longitudinal axis of the filling tube.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for separating individual bowls from a stack of bowls for receiving foodstuffs. The apparatus includes a machine frame for fixing components of the apparatus, a holding device for holding the stack, a separating device for separating individual bowls from the stack, having a separating element, and a drive device. The holding device has at least one bottom carrier element that is mounted in the region of a bottom of a lowermost bowl of the stack moveably by the device such that it temporarily carries the bowl from below and can be moved away from the region of the bottom of the lowermost bowl so that the lowermost bowl can be separated from the stack in a downward direction while the stack remains in the holding device. In addition, a corresponding method is provided of separating a bowl from a stack of bowls for receiving foodstuffs.

Abstract: Casing holding device for filling tubular cases with a pasty foodstuff material. A casing brake, in a portioning position, is in contact with a case drawn on to a filling tube and produces a pressing force between case and filling tube. An adjusting device is configured for moving the casing brake between the portioning position and a casing change position in which the casing brake is uncoupled from the filling tube. The adjusting device has a guide linkage which has a plurality of links and which is adapted for the casing brake in at least a first phase of the movement out of the portioning position into the casing change position to be moved substantially axially relative to the longitudinal axis of the filling tube and to be pivoted in at least a second phase of the movement relative to the longitudinal axis of the filling tube.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a suspension apparatus (1) for hanging up and transporting at least one sausage string (2) including a transport device (6) for transporting the at least one sausage string (2), that has at least one carrier hook (8) for carrying the sausage string (2), the hook being movable along a path of movement (10) by means of a guide and drive device. The apparatus further includes a spreading device (14) arranged stationarily relative to the transport device (6) for spreading the sausage string (2). The spreading device has at least one spreading element (16) which is arranged adjacent to the path of movement (10) of the carrier hook (8) and which in operation acts on the sausage string (2) carried by the carrier hook (8) in such a way that the sausage string (2) is spread.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing sausages (28) in which sausage meat is introduced into a tubular case (20) by means of a filling machine (2) and the filled case (20) is divided into portions by means of a twisting-off device (40) for producing twist-off locations (22) so that the result is a sausage chain. The sausage chain is further transported by means of at least two transport devices (6, 8) connected in succession in the sausage chain transport direction (30), and the transport devices (6, 8) can be controlled by means of a control device (38) so that the transport speed of the second transport device (8) in the transport direction is at least at times greater than the transport speed of the first transport device (6).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of and a filling apparatus for a machine for filling casings, in particular sausage cases, comprising a filling tube (14) which is drivable and rotatable about its longitudinal axis (12) and on to which can be pulled a case (8) which can be filled by the filling tube (14), and a case brake (26) which is arranged at the open end (22) of the filling tube (14) in a holding frame (24) and which has a brake ring (28) which is mounted rotatably coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation of the filling tube (14) by means of a mounting means (34) and a bearing (32). According to the invention the open end (22) of the filling tube (14) is so designed as to co-operate with the brake ring (28) and the case (8) in such a way that the brake ring (28) is drivable by means of the filling tube (14) in frictional and/or positively locking relationship and a torque can be transmitted to the case (8).

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and an apparatus for producing sausages (28) in which sausage meat is introduced into a tubular case (20) by means of a filling machine (2) and the filled case (20) is divided into portions by means of a twisting-off device (40) for producing twist-off locations (22) so that the result is a sausage chain. According to the invention the sausage chain is further transported by means of at least two transport devices (6, 8) connected in succession in the sausage chain transport direction (30), and the transport devices (6, 8) can be controlled by means of a control device (38) so that the transport speed of the second transport device (8) in the transport direction is at least at times greater than the transport speed of the first transport device (6).

Abstract: An electric contact coupling for connection of a first group of electric conductors to a second group of electric conductors, and especially for use in the coupling of rail and other vehicles with one another, comprises a first plug contact carrier and a second socket contact carrier which are movable into assembly with one another to bring the plug contact elements of the first contact carrier into electric contact with the socket contact elements of the second contact carrier. The two contact carriers are arranged in respectively associated contact carrier housings. The first contact carrier is movable by a positioning mechanism axially relative to its housing to bring its contacts into engagement with the contacts of the second carrier after the two carrier housings have been brought into engagement with one another. Transversely movable closure members seal the carrier housings against the penetration of dirt and moisture when the carrier housings are uncoupled from one another.

Abstract: An electric contact coupling for connection of a first group of electric conductors to a second group of electric conductors, and especially for use in the coupling of rail and other vehicles with one another, comprises a first plug contact carrier and a second socket contact carrier which are movable into assembly with one another to bring the plug contact elements of the first contact carrier into electric contact with the socket contact elements of the second contact carrier. The two contact carriers are arranged in respectively associated contact carrier housings. The first contact carrier is movable by a positioning mechanism axially relative to its housing to bring its contacts into engagement with the contacts of the second carrier after the two carrier housings have been brought into engagement with one another. Transversely movable closure members seal the carrier housings against the penetration of dirt and moisture when the carrier housings are uncoupled from one another.

Abstract: An arrangement for displaying video images on a projection surface, in which the display is carried out on the projection surface at an inclination, comprises a source for the emission of a substantially parallel light bundle for a sequential illumination of image points of the video image, which source can be intensity-modulated, a deflection device for scanning the light bundle in two dimensions, and a control device which controls the intensity modulation for the light bundle as well as the deflection of the light bundle in accordance with a function that is obtained through a calculated distortion correction of the image, at least with respect to the inclination. A method for the compensation of geometric image errors in video images is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a projection arrangement with a projector and a deflecting mirror in which the image projection, proceeding from a projection direction along a principal projection axis impinges on the deflecting mirror which is supported so as to be movable in two spatial direction and whose mirror surface deflects a projected light bundle at an elevation angle and at an azimuth angle onto a projection surface standing on the ground the image projection is effected from the direction of a zenith at an angle &bgr; which is less than 60° in relation to a vertical line from the zenith and the deflecting mirror is arranged at the ground wherein the projected light bundle can be deflected toward the projection surface so that an image can be generated on the projection surface and moved on the latter.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for conveying and individually separating sausages or other elongate foodstuff products, wherein the sausages are fed by a conveyor device (46) to a separating apparatus (8) with a separating tool. A sensor (64) which is responsive to the conveyor device (4) and which preferably cooperates with the drive motor of the conveyor device (4) or with the movable conveyor elements (36) of the conveyor device (6) produces a signal which represents a measurement for a current position of a movable conveyor element (36) of the conveyor device (6) and thus for a current position of one or more constriction or twist-off locations in the chain of sausages, and that the signal is fed to the separating apparatus (8) in order to control the drive motor (13) in such a way that the severing tool separates the sausages in the region of a twist-off location.

Abstract: What is described is an apparatus for stuffing casings or similar receptacles with paste, in particular with sausage meat or other foods in the form of paste, using a portioning means (16) that stuffs adjustable portions of the paste through a stuffing horn (14) into a casing (62) of a pre-defined caliber or caliber group, wherein said casing is pulled portion-wise during stuffing from a casing holder (casing brake 24). A guide tube (26) is disposed after and as an extension to the casing holder (24), the internal diameter of said guide tube 26 being approximately the same as the smaller outer diameter of the pre-defined casing caliber and/or the pre-defined casing caliber group, such that the guide tube 26 has a coating of lubricant on its inner surface and that the casing is pulled into and through the guide tube 26 in the process of being stuffed.

Abstract: In a rear projector with a housing on whose front side is arranged a screen for displaying a video picture, with a brightness-modulated and color-modulated R-G-B light source for emitting a light bundle, with a deflecting device for scanning this light bundle, wherein the light bundle is deflected by the deflecting device over a total angle &agr; with respect to vertical scanning, and with a deflecting mirror which is located in the housing and arranged at an angle &dgr;, wherein the light bundle exiting from a real or virtual vertex of the total deflection angle &agr; is deflected onto the screen by the deflecting mirror, the virtual or real vertex located in front of the deflecting mirror lies at a location where the smallest angle &bgr; of the light bundle to the surface of the screen during deflection is less than 20° and the angle &dgr; is given by δ ≤ 45 ⁢ ° - α 4 + β

Abstract: In an apparatus for generating an image on a screen by illuminating image points in a plurality of partial images by light bundles, wherein the apparatus has at least one deflection device for deflecting a plurality of light bundles in respectively associated image points of the individual partial images, and a control device for controlling the intensity of the light bundles depending on the brightness of the respective image point to be illuminated, and optics between the screen and deflection device for deflecting the light bundles in a partial image associated with the respective light bundle, it is provided that the optics include an entrance pupil which is spread out over an extended area and an exit pupil which is much smaller in comparison to the entrance pupil, and in that a plurality of deflection devices for deflecting a light bundle associated with a partial image are provided in or near the entrance pupil which is spread out over an extended area.

Abstract: In a device for displaying a video image with a source emitting at least an intensity-modulated light bundle (41, 42) and a deflecting device (41, 42) for deflecting the light bundle, for the angle-proportional scanning of N.sub.p image points in lines over an angle .alpha..sub..rho., and for the angle-proportional scanning of the light bundle of N.sub.z, lines of the video image over an angle .alpha..sub.z, the source emits two light bundles which can be modulated independently from one another, the first light bundle being modulated with the video information for the illumination of a first image point controlled by raster scanning and the second light bundle being modulated with the video information for the illumination of a second image point, wherein the video information of the second image point is offset relative to the video information of the first image point by m.sub.z lines of an image and m.sub..rho. image points of a line, with whole numbers m.sub.z .ltoreq.N.sub.z and m.sub..rho. .ltoreq.N.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for filling casings for a machine for filling sausage casings, with a filling pipe (14) driveable and rotatable around its longitudinal axis (12), onto which pipe a casing (8) fillable through the filling pipe (14) is pulled, and a casing take-along apparatus (30) that is rotatable simultaneously with the filling pipe (14) for rotating the casing (8). According to the invention, the casing take-along apparatus (30) is arranged so as to be axially movable relative to the filling pipe (14) and, for transmitting a torque, is coupled to the filling pipe (14) in an essentially interlocking manner.

Abstract: In a device with a laser for image presentation in which the laser emits laser light of a defined coherence length L at a given wavelength .lambda. and in which there is arranged in the path of the laser light a first structure with which phase displacements can be carried out for individual photons of the laser light in accordance with a predetermined distribution, it is provided that the average path given by the ratio of the average root mean square of the phase displacement formed by the distribution and the magnitude of the wave vector k=2.pi./.lambda. of the laser is greater than the coherence length L multiplied by a factor of 1/(12).sup.1/2.