Abstract: A method of stimulating endothelial cells cultivated in a nutrient medium to release a growth-factor into the nutrient medium by addition of at least one pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid into the nutrient medium.

Abstract: Endothelial cells have the natural property of releasing soluble factors into the fluid surrounding them, said factors altering the behavior of immune cells. In cell systems containing at least endothelial cells, the release of this type of factor, which promotes the proliferation of resting and weakly activated lymphocytes and at the same time inhibits the proliferation of highly activated lymphocytes and transformed lymphoblasts without impairing their other vital functions, is induced by administration of pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids but inhibited by the concurrent administration of tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids.

Abstract: Endothelial cells have the natural property of releasing soluble factors into the fluid surrounding them, said factors altering the behavior of immune cells. In cell systems containing at least endothelial cells, the release of this type of factor, which promotes the proliferation of resting and weakly activated lymphocytes and at the same time inhibits the proliferation of highly activated lymphocytes and transformed lymphoblasts without impairing their other vital functions, is induced by administration of pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids but inhibited by the concurrent administration of tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids.

Abstract: To produce defined isomer mixtures of compounds with spirocyclic beta-aminocarboxyl and/or beta-aminocarbonyl systems the invention supposes that they be dissolved in solvents which have good dissolving power for these compounds, whose relative permittivity is sufficient to stabilize the amphoteric intermediates occuring in isomerization, which as proton donors constitute hydrogen bridges, whose basicity is less than that of the compounds for isomerization and whose boiling point is so high that an adequate reaction speed can be attained by raising temperature. Further, the invention proposes that the isomerization be prevented, influenced, or terminated by altering at least one of these factors and or by altering the temperature.

Abstract: Tetra- and pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids, in particular the alloisopteropodine, isomer A, a pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid, are suitable for the unspecific stimulation of the immunologic system, which has been proved by a substantial percental phagocytosis increase in the granulocytic test according to BRANDT (in vitro), a substantial percental increase of the CL-response in the chemiluminescence test (in vitro) and a high increase of the phagocytosis activity of tissue macrophages of the reticoloendothelial system in the carbon-clearence-test (CCT) according to BIOZZI.

Abstract: Tetra- and pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids, in particular the alloisopteropodine, isomer A, a pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid, are suitable for the unspecific stimulation of the immunologic system, which has been proved by a substantial percental phagocytosis increase in the granulocytic test according to BRANDT (in vitro), a substantial percental increase of the CL-response in the chemiluminescence test (in vitro) and a high increase of the phagocytosis activity of tissue macrophages of the reticoloendothelial system in the carbon-clearence-test (CCT) according to BIOZZI.

Abstract: Tetra- and pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids, in particular the alloisopteropodine, isomer A, a pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid, are suitable for the unspecific stimulation of the immunologic system, which has been proved by a substantially percental phagocytosis increase in the granulocytic test according to BRANDT (in vitro), a substantial percental increase of the CL-response in the chemiluminescence test (in vitro) and a high increase of the phagocytosis activity of tissue macrophages of the reticoloendothelial system in the carbon-clearence-test (CCT) according to BIOZZI.

Abstract: A substantially cylindrical filter chamber having a lower horizontal bottom plate, a side wall and an upper horizontal bottom plate, is divided into two compartments having a bottom plate and a side wall by a planar horizontal support fabric. In each compartment, a movable wall is associated with the bottom plate, the movable wall being adapted to reduce the volume of the respective compartment to approximately zero. The support fabric serves as a carrier for a precoat filter layer and is clamped along a ring-shaped, preferably reinforced, rim region between the adjacent faces of said side walls. Further, each movable wall is also clamped along a ring-shaped rim region between the side wall and the adjacent bottom plate of the compartment.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the filtering of a fluid in which a filter-aid agent of a particulate or fibrous character is floated onto and deposited upon a support fabric in a fluid. The medium to be filtered is then passed through the filter layer formed by this filter aid. The fabric divides the filter chamber into two compartments both of which are flushed with washing liquid which is discharged from the upstream compartment after back-washing through the fabric. During the filtration, a loss of the purified filtrate and a mixture with nonfiltered medium is precluded in that both compartments, after the filtering and cleaning phases, are completely discharged of fluid. The back-washing of the fabric is effected with another fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for the filtering of a fluid in which a filter-aid agent of a particulate or fibrous character is floated onto and deposited upon a support fabric in a fluid. The medium to be filtered is then passed through the filter layer formed by this filter aid. The fabric divides the filter chamber into two compartments both of which are flushed with washing liquid which is discharged from the upstream compartment after back-washing through the fabric. During the filtration, a loss of the purified filtrate and a mixture with nonfiltered medium is precluded in that both compartments, after the filtering and cleaning phases, are completely discharged of fluid. The back-washing of the fabric is effected with another fluid. The complete discharge is effected in the direction of flow of each medium through the respective compartment.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the filtering of a fluid in which a filter-aid agent of a particulate or fibrous character is floated onto and deposited upon a support fabric in a fluid. The medium to be filtered is then passed through the filter layer formed by this filter aid. The fabric divides the filter chamber into two compartments both of which are flushed with washing liquid which is discharged from the upstream compartment after back-washing through the fabric. During the filtration, a loss of the purified filtrate and a mixture with nonfiltered medium is precluded in that both compartments, after the filtering and cleaning phases, are completely discharged of fluid. The backwashing of the fabric is effected with another fluid.