Abstract: A method for operating a regenerative heat storage arrangement, wherein the heat storage arrangement has a gas heater for heating a carrier gas; a heat storage row with multiple heat storage modules; and at least one compressor. During a loading cycle, carrier gas heated in the gas heater flows through at least one heat reservoir module, which is thermally charged by the transfer of heat from the heated carrier gas to a heat storage material of the heat reservoir module. The carrier gas is cooled during the charging process. If, after the charging of a heat reservoir module, the carrier gas temperature reaches or exceeds a minimum charging temperature for a subsequent heat reservoir module, the carrier gas is fed to the subsequent heat reservoir module for charging. The carrier gas is recirculated back to the gas heater if the carrier gas temperature falls below the minimum charging temperature.

Abstract: A method for operating a regenerative heat storage arrangement, wherein the heat reservoir storage arrangement has a gas heater for heating a carrier gas; a heat storage row with multiple heat storage modules; and at least one compressor. During a loading cycle, carrier gas heated in the gas heater flows through at least one heat reservoir module, which is thermally charged by the transfer of heat from the heated carrier gas to a heat storage material of the heat reservoir module. The carrier gas is cooled during the charging process. If, after the charging of a heat reservoir module, the carrier gas temperature reaches or exceeds a minimum charging temperature for a subsequent heat reservoir module, the carrier gas is fed to the subsequent heat reservoir module for charging. The carrier gas is recirculated back to the gas heater if the carrier gas temperature falls below the minimum charging temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for rapidly and flexibly adapting the output of a steam-turbine power station (1), preferably for adapting the output to altered network loads, more preferably for providing a positive and/or negative network operating reserve as required, and especially preferably for providing a primary operating reserve and/or a secondary operating reserve. According to the invention, heat released during the discharge of at least one electrically chargeable thermal store (6) is coupled into a feedwater heater section (3) of the power station (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for rapidly and flexibly adapting the output of a steam-turbine power station (1), preferably for adapting the output to altered network loads, more preferably for providing a positive and/or negative network operating reserve as required, and especially preferably for providing a primary operating reserve and/or a secondary operating reserve. According to the invention, heat released during the discharge of at least one electrically chargeable thermal store (6) is coupled into a feedwater heater section (3) of the power station (1).

Abstract: A method is presented and described for compensating load peaks during the generating of electrical energy and/or for the generating of electrical energy by utilizing the heat of heated carrier gas (2) for the electricity generation, and/or for the utilization of the heat of heated carrier gas (2) for hydrogen generation, comprising the steps: heating of carrier gas (2), especially hot air, in at least one gas heater (4a-d), wherein hot carrier gas (2) with a specified target charge temperature exits from the gas heater (4a-d), thermal charging of at least one heat storage module (5a-d) of a plurality of heat storage modules (5a-d) of the storage power station (1) by releasing heat from the hot carrier gas (2) from the gas heater (4a-d) to a heat storage material of the heat storage module (5a-d), time-delayed thermal discharge of at least one heat storage module (5a-d), preferably of a plurality of heat storage modules (5a-d), wherein colder carrier gas (2), especially cold air, flows through at least one

Abstract: A method is provided for carbon-dioxide-neutral compensation for current level fluctuations in an electrical power supply system as a result of peaks and troughs in the generation of electrical energy. When a generation peak occurs, electrical energy produced from a regenerative energy source is used in an electrolysis unit for hydrogen generation. A hydrogen flow generated in the electrolysis unit is supplied to a reactor unit that catalytically generates an energy-carrier flow containing hydrocarbon. In a generation trough, the produced energy-carrier flow is burned in a combustion chamber. The thermal energy of the flue-gas flow formed by the combustion is used to generate electrical energy in a turbine process. The generated electrical energy is fed into the electrical power supply system. The flue-gas flow is supplied to the reactor unit as a carbon source for generation of the energy-carrier flow.

Abstract: A method is presented and described for compensating load peaks during the generating of electrical energy and/or for the generating of electrical energy by utilizing the heat of heated carrier gas (2) for the electricity generation, and/or for the utilization of the heat of heated carrier gas (2) for hydrogen generation, comprising the steps: heating of carrier gas (2), especially hot air, in at least one gas heater (4a-d), wherein hot carrier gas (2) with a specified target charge temperature exits from the gas heater (4a-d), thermal charging of at least one heat storage module (5a-d) of a plurality of heat storage modules (5a-d) of the storage power station (1) by releasing heat from the hot carrier gas (2) from the gas heater (4a-d) to a heat storage material of the heat storage module (5a-d), time-delayed thermal discharge of at least one heat storage module (5a-d), preferably of a plurality of heat storage modules (5a-d), wherein colder carrier gas (2), especially cold air, flows through at least one

Abstract: The present invention relates to manufacturing processes for the preparation of a pharmaceutical dosage form comprising nifedipine and candesartan cilexetil and optionally at least one diuretic characterized in that nifedipine is released in the body in a controlled (modified) manner and the candesartan cilexetil is released rapidly (immediate release (IR)) and optionally the diuretic is released rapidly (immediate release (IR)) and the pharmaceutical dosage forms obtainable by these processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the direct reduction of iron ore performed by means of a plant comprising a gravitational furnace (2) having at least one iron ore reduction zone (8) in the upper part thereof, and at least one carbon deposition zone (9) and one reduced metal product cooling zone (10) in the lower part thereof, and means for feeding a reducing gas mixture into the reactor in correspondence to the with the reduction zone, means for recycle exhaust or reactor off gas from the reactor to syngas and mixing the recycled gas with natural gas to form a reducing gas mixture.

Abstract: A method is provided for carbon-dioxide-neutral compensation for current level fluctuations in an electrical power supply system as a result of peaks and troughs in the generation of electrical energy. When a generation peak occurs, electrical energy produced from a regenerative energy source is used in an electrolysis unit for hydrogen generation. A hydrogen flow generated in the electrolysis unit is supplied to a reactor unit that catalytically generates an energy-carrier flow containing hydrocarbon. In a generation trough, the produced energy-carrier flow is burned in a combustion chamber. The thermal energy of the flue-gas flow formed by the combustion is used to generate electrical energy in a turbine process. The generated electrical energy is fed into the electrical power supply system. The flue-gas flow is supplied to the reactor unit as a carbon source for generation of the energy-carrier flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the direct reduction of iron ore performed by means of a plant comprising a gravitational furnace (2) having at least one iron ore reduction zone (8) in the upper part thereof, and at least one carbon deposition zone (9) and one reduced metal product cooling zone (10) in the lower part thereof, and means for feeding a reducing gas mixture into the reactor in correspondence to the with the reduction zone, means for recycle exhaust or reactor off gas from the reactor to syngas and mixing the recycled gas with natural gas to form a reducing gas mixture.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for direct reduction of ore fines in a wide range of particle size, the reducing agent being hydrogen placed in a fluidized bed gutter with a plurality of sequentially arranged chambers. The fluidization rate in the supply base is set so that a defined class of particle size remains in the chamber concerned where it will be submitted to a reduction process and that the finest particle size fraction is discharged from the chamber, then precipitated in a hot gas cyclone to solid material (or fines) and gas. The ore fines precipitated in the cyclone then reaches the following chamber. The gas from all the hot gas cyclones is fed by a collector to the pre-heater. After reduction in the chambers, the ore fines are conveyed in pressure vessels for submission to further processes.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of and a device for directly reducing fine-particle ore in a horizontal reactor with an ore-reducing gas and a heat vehicle, also a gas, in a fluidized bed.The ore-reducing vessel itself comprises a horizontal fluidized-bed reactor (1). The ore (F) is blown into it from below. The heated ore-reducing gas (A) is blown into the reactor through oncoming-gas floors (2). The heat needed for the endothermic reaction is supplied to the reactor at different temperatures through heat exchangers (3) and transferred to the bed. Heat is supplied counter to the ore-reducing gas.Fuel (B) in the form of gas is burned with air (C) to make the heat vehicle (D). The ore-reducing gas (A') is heated in downstream heat exchangers (5.1 to 5.3) before arriving in the three sections (1a, 1b, & 1c) of the reactor through the floors.Sponge iron (6) is removed and throat gas (E) extracted from a sponge-collecting section (1d).

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for the allothermic gasification of coal with steam. The gasifier is horizontally arranged with heat exchange tubes in separate gasification and pyrolysis zones so that a heat exchange medium is used in both zones.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for the allothermic gasification of coal with steam. The gasifier is vertically arranged with heat exchange tubes in separate gasification and pyrolysis zones so that a heat exchange medium is used in both zones.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for allothermic gasification of coal under pressure with water vapor in a gas generator containing heat-exchange tubes for a heat transfer medium. The hot heat transfer medium that enters the gas generator by the heat-exchange tubes is first introduced in the gasification zone, then in the pyrolysis zone. The coal to be gasified flows counter-currently through the gas generator, so that the current of cooled heat transfer medium is used for heating and pyrolyzing the coal, whereas the heat for gasification is taken from the current of the still hot heat transfer medium. Gas generators vertically or horizontally arranged with fitting designs are used for implementation of the process.

Abstract: In a method for the thermal treatment of wastes (combustible, poorly combustible and incombustible), especially those which cannot be harmlessly dumped, air is preheated in a first regenerator (2) to a temperature of 800.degree. to 1200.degree. C. and fed through a first combustion chamber (7) to a melting vessel (6) into which wastes are dumped for thermal treatment. The flue gas from the melting vessel is fed through a second combustion chamber (7') to a second regenerator (2'). The two regenerators contain sections for thermal storage (3, 3'), for the adsorption (4, 4') of flue gas impurities and for the further treatment (5, 5') of the flue gas. The air and flue gas flow is reversible, i.e., air preheated in the second regenerator (2') is fed to the melting vessel (6) through the second combustion chamber (7'). The flue gas is fed through the first combustion chamber (7) to the first regenerator (2).

Abstract: Part of the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification in an allothermically heated fluidized bed reactor is burned after removal of dust and sulfur and serves as a source of energy to heat the reactor by indirect heat exchange and to produce the steam required for the gasification process. The flue gas exiting from the heat exchanger of the reactor can be used to perform work in expansion turbines. The rest of the synthesis gas is available for use in downstream processes, such as iron ore reduction, or can be burned and used to perform work in turbines to produce electric current. The result is a process that is environmentally safer and operates with a better yield than direct coal burning or autothermal coal gasification, but requires no outside source of energy, such as nuclear power, as prior art allothermal coal gasification processes do.

Abstract: Part of the synthesis gas produced by coal gasification in an allothermically heated fluidized bed reactor is burned after removal of dust and sulfur and serves as a source of energy to heat the reactor by indirect heat exchange and to produce the steam required for the gasification process. The flue gas exiting from the heat exchanger of the reactor can be used to perform work in expansion turbines. The rest of the synthesis gas is available for use in downstream processes, such as iron ore reduction, or can be burned and used to perform work in turbines to produce electric current. The result is a process that is environmentally safer and operates with a better yield than direct coal burning or autothermal coal gasification, but requires no outside source of energy, such as nuclear power, as prior art allothermal coal gasification processes do.

Abstract: A process for producing a synthesis gas containing methane and using a reactor having a fuel containing carbon comprises directing gasification gases in a circulation system through a bed of fuel containing carbon to form a synthesis gas containing methane and carbon dioxide. Thereafter, the synthesis gas is cooled in a regenerator and subjected to the gas separation wherein the syngas is subjected to a gas cleansing by means of a pressure change absorption in a gas scrubber to remove most of the methane and carbon dioxide and its water content is increased. The separated gas is then heated and subsequently the portion is returned into the system together with the waste gases and fuel containing carbon. The process includes a 4-pole heater which includes the first heat exchange passage for the syngas which is cooled and a second heat exchange passage for the recirculation of the syngas and is further cooled and passed through a scrubber.