Abstract: A secondary sealing element comprises a base body (12) made of a synthetic material and comprising a base portion (13) and a seal portion (14) which each comprise coaxially aligned, axially adjacent through bores (17, 31) for the passage of a component, and an annular disc element (25) accommodated in the base portion and comprising a through bore (30) coaxially aligned with the through bores in the base and seal portions and being made of a material which differs from that of the base body. In the unloaded state, the through bore (30) of the annular disc element (25) has a radial dimension d which is greater than that D2 of the through bore (31) in the seal portion (14) and smaller than that D1 in the base portion (13) of the base body (12). The annular disc element consists of a carbon material. An important field of application for the secondary sealing element is that of mechanical face seals for sealing relatively moveable components.

Abstract: An injection system for internal combustion engines is proposed, in which once the engine has been turned off, a pressure equalization is established between the intake side and the pressure side of the high-pressure fuel pump. This prevents uncombusted fuel from reaching the combustion chambers of the engine. The pressure prevailing on the pressure side and the intake side when the engine is off furthermore assures that vapor bubbles cannot form, and this makes starting the engine easier.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anchoring system for heart valve prostheses which can be implanted by introduction via the aorta without any major surgical operation. With the heart valve prosthesis according to the invention it shall be achieved that this can be safely and quickly guided through the aorta toward the heart, and can be fixed there. With this, hook-shaped elements are secured to the commissures of the heart valve prosthesis the hooks of which are guided in an outward direction through the heart valve prosthesis material.

Abstract: An injection system for internal combustion engines is proposed, in which once the engine has been turned off, a pressure equalization is established between the intake side and the pressure side of the high-pressure fuel pump. This prevents uncombusted fuel from reaching the combustion chambers of the engine. The pressure prevailing on the pressure side and the intake side when the engine is off furthermore assures that vapor bubbles cannot form, and this makes starting the engine easier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for producing a rastered gray composite proof in which the color values of the chromatic printing inks "cyan", "magenta" and "yellow" are united to brightness-equivalent gray scale values for simple advance monitoring of a color printing. The gray scale values to be printed on the gray composite proof are corrected compared to the gray scale values of the chromatic printing inks for the color printing represented by the color separation values, being corrected to different percentage parts that respectively correspond to the subjectively sensed brightness impression of the chromatic printing inks relative to "black". The color separation values of the chromatic printing inks are converted into individual bit maps by different raster functions such that the recorded pixels of the chromatic printing inks lie next to one another on the recording material. The individual bit maps of the chromatic printing inks are united to form an overall bit map by an OR operation.