Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuously operating a distillation column, which is designed to separate a mixture S, which contains essentially a substance A and a substance B, which boils significantly higher than substance A. In the method according to the invention, the reflux ratio is changed according to the feed flow and, at the same time, the energy input by means of the heat-transfer medium is changed proactively (so-called feed-forward control) by accounting for the feed flow by means of feed-forward control. At the same time, the bottom temperature is observed and the control structure is changed if the bottom temperature falls too far when the heat-transfer medium is reduced by means of the feed flow.

Abstract: The cooling fluid from the internal combustion engine of the vehicle flows through the condenser and the evaporator, rather than air flows, and the fluid cooled in this way by the evaporator is sent to the radiator for heating the passenger compartment, if necessary, which is then the only heat exchanger in contact with the flow of air to be sent into the passenger compartment. The components of the refrigerant fluid loop can therefore be grouped together, which avoids long pipes in the engine compartment which are costly and entail the risk of leaks.

Abstract: A multi-chamber expansion device for a vehicle cooling or heating circuit consists of a single vessel in which the three successive chambers of the expansion device are aligned horizontally within a rigid elongate casing, which is formed by two moulded hollow members welded together along their respective peripheral edges in a vertical junction plane. These edges are thickened and formed with a groove which extends over substantially the whole periphery of the vessel, at the joint between the two casing members. This groove is interrupted by integral bridges so as to define ducts which connect together, firstly the first and second chambers, and secondly the second and third chambers, through a pressure-limiting valve.

Abstract: An evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine, in which a cooling system which contains a coolant and an equalization container connected with it are provided. The equalization container is connected to a steam-filled zone of the cooling system by means of a line.

Abstract: A temperature transducer for the cylinder head of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine. It comprises a housing with a lead that forwards signals from a sensor sensing the temperature of the coolant. The housing accommodates not only a coolant-temperature sensor but at least one component-temperature sensor that rests against a component in the cylinder head and has a separate lead.

Abstract: A control valve for fluid media has an adjusting piston which is displaceable by a drive and whose face end can be seated against a valve seat. The adjusting piston and the drive are disposed in a valve housing which is completely filled with fluid. The adjusting piston is formed by a hollow body through which fluid can flow on both sides in the direction of its axis, and the hollow body surrounds a cavity. The cavity is sealed by a first sealing member extending transversely of its axis against the valve housing, and by a second sealing member which extends against a dividing wall which is contained in the cavity and is displaceable in a direction of the axis. The valve housing is filled on one side of the first and second sealing member facing away from the valve seat with an incompressible hydraulic protective fluid.

Abstract: An evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine having a cooling system that can be pressurized and that includes a surge tank and a radiator. The surge tank (1) communicates through a line (2) with a section of the cooling system (3) that is constantly full of liquid coolant while the engine is in operation. The engine operation is thereby unaffected by low ambient temperatures.

Abstract: An evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine, in which a cooling system, through which a coolant can flow, and to which pressure can be applied, is connected with an equalization container, where the equalization container is connected to a steam-filled zone of the cooling system by means of a connection line. At least one auxiliary means to reduce the interior pressure in the cooling system is assigned to the equalization container.