Abstract: An olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, or a nitrogen compound quaternized with epoxide in the presence of an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, can be used as a fuel additive or lubricant additive. Processes can be used for preparing additives of this kind and fuels and lubricants additized therewith, such as a detergent additive. These additives, fuels, and lubricants can be used for reduction or prevention of deposits in injection systems of direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems; for reduction of fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common rail injection systems; and for minimization of power loss in direct injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common rail injection systems. The additives can also be used for gasoline fuels, especially for operation of DISI engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises at least one free carboxylic acid side group, or of a nitrogen compound quaternized with epoxide in the presence of an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises at least one free carboxylic acid side group, as a fuel additive or lubricant additive; to processes for preparing additives of this kind, and to fuels and lubricants additized therewith; such as, more particularly, as a detergent additive; for reduction or prevention of deposits in the injection systems of direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems, for reduction of the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common rail injection systems, and for minimization of power loss in direct injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common rail injection systems; and as an additive for gasoline fuels, especially for operation

Abstract: An olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, or a nitrogen compound quaternized with epoxide in the presence of an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, can be used as a fuel additive or lubricant additive. Processes can be used for preparing additives of this kind and fuels and lubricants additized therewith, such as a detergent additive. These additives, fuels, and lubricants can be used for reduction or prevention of deposits in injection systems of direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems; for reduction of fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common rail injection systems; and for minimization of power loss in direct injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common rail injection systems. The additives can also be used for gasoline fuels, especially for operation of DISI engines.

Abstract: An olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, or a nitrogen compound quaternized with epoxide in the presence of an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer, containing at least one free carboxylic acid side group, can be used as a fuel additive or lubricant additive. Processes can be used for preparing additives of this kind and fuels and lubricants additized therewith, such as a detergent additive. These additives, fuels, and lubricants can be used for reduction or prevention of deposits in injection systems of direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems: for reduction of fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common rail injection systems; and for minimization of power loss in direct injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common rail injection systems. The additives can also be used for gasoline fuels, especially for operation of DISI engines.

Abstract: A process for producing an isobutene copolymer derivative by: (I) free-radically copolymerizing (a) 10-90 mol % of a monoethylenically unsaturated C4- to C12-dicarboxylic acid, anhydride, or ester, (b) 10-90 mol % of a high-reactivity isobutene polymer having Mn=110-250000 and obtained by polymerizing isobutene in the presence of an iron-halide-, aluminum trihalide-, or alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, each donor being an ether or carboxylic ester function, or in the presence of a Lewis acid complex containing an organic sulfonic acid, and (c) 0-50 mol % of a monoethylenically unsaturated compound copolymerizable with (a) and (b), to obtain an intermediate isobutene copolymer; and (II) reacting the carboxylic acid functions in the intermediate with at least one of ammonia, an amine, and an alcohol, to form a moiety containing at least one of a hydroxyl, carboxylic ester, amino, quaternized amino, amido, and imido group.

Abstract: A process for preparing isobutene homo- or copolymer derivatives by (i) polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an iron halide-donor complex, an aluminum trihalide-donor complex, or an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, (ii) reacting a resulting high-reactivity isobutene polymer with a compound which introduces a low molecular weight polar group or a substructure thereof, and (iii) in the case of reaction with a substructure, further reacting to complete the formation of the low molecular weight polar group. The homo- or copolymer derivatives include a radical of a hydrophobic polyisobutene polymer having a number-average molecular weight of 110 to 250,000 and low molecular weight polar groups including amino functions, nitro groups, hydroxyl groups, mercaptan groups, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative functions, sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid derivative functions, aldehyde functions and/or silyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to stable emulsions comprising polyolefins, in particular polyisobutene, the process to obtain said emulsions and the use of said emulsions.

Abstract: Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol % by polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-comprising monomer mixtures in the presence of Lewis acids suitable as polymerization catalysts or of complexes which are effective as polymerization catalysts and are formed from Lewis acids and donors, and in the presence of initiators, wherein the initiators used are organic sulfonic acids Z—SO3H in which the variable Z denotes an alkyl radical, haloalkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical, aryl radical or arylalkyl radical.

Abstract: A process for preparing isobutene homo- or copolymer derivatives by (i) polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an iron halide-donor complex, an aluminum trihalide-donor complex, or an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, (ii) reacting a resulting high-reactivity isobutene polymer with a compound which introduces a low molecular weight polar group or a substructure thereof, and (iii) in the case of reaction with a substructure, further reacting to complete the formation of the low molecular weight polar group. The homo- or copolymer derivatives include a radical of a hydrophobic polyisobutene polymer having a number-average molecular weight of 110 to 250 000 and low molecular weight polar groups including amino functions, nitro groups, hydroxyl groups, mercaptan groups, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative functions, sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid derivative functions, aldehyde functions and/or silyl groups.

Abstract: Quaternized terpolymer formed from (A) ethylene, (B) C2-C14-alkenyl esters of one or more aliphatic C1-C20-monocarboxylic acids or C1-C24-alkyl esters of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid and (Cq) ethylenically unsaturated monomers which comprise at least one tertiary nitrogen atom which is partly or fully in quaternized form. The quaternized terpolymer is suitable as a fuel additive for reducing or preventing deposits, for reducing fuel consumption and for minimizing power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common-rail injection systems.

Abstract: Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol % and a polydispersity of preferably 1.05 to less than 3.5, by polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an aluminum trihalide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst or of an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex, especially of an aluminum trichloride-donor complex, said complex comprising, as the donor, an organic compound with at least one ether function or a carboxylic ester function.

Abstract: Molding compositions comprising: a composition (I) present in an amount of 10 to 100% by weight, based on the molding composition, wherein the composition (I) comprises: (A) 40 to 95% by weight, based on the composition (I), of a copolymer comprising: ?-methylstyrene in an amount of 55 to 90% by weight, acrylonitrile in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight, and one or more other monomers in an amount of 0 to 5% by weight, wherein the percentages by weight of the ?-methylstyrene, the acrylonitrile and the one or more other monomers are based on the weight of component (A); (B) 2.5 to 75% by weight, based on the composition (I), of a polymer comprising: a vinylaromatic monomer in an amount of 60 to 90% by weight, acrylonitrile in an amount of 8.01 to 39.8% by weight, and maleic anhydride in an amount of 0.2 to 1.99% by weight, wherein the percentages by weight of the vinylaromatic monomer, the acrylonitrile and the maleic anhydride are based on the weight of component (B); and (C) 2.

Abstract: Moldable-foam moldings whose density is in the range from 8 to 200 g/l, obtainable via fusion of prefoamed foam beads composed of expandable pelletized filled thermoplastic polymer materials, and a process for preparing the expandable pelletized polymer materials.

Abstract: Moldable-foam moldings whose density is in the range from 10 to 100 g/l, obtainable via the fusion of prefoamed foam beads composed of expandable, pelletized thermoplastic polymer materials, comprising from 5 to 100% by weight of a styrene copolymer A), from 0 to 95% by weight of polystyrene B), and from 0 to 95% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer C) other than A) and B), and a process for producing the expandable pelletized thermoplastic polymer materials.

Abstract: The invention provides a weatherable low gloss styrene copolymer composition which requires the addition of from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the total composition, of a partially crystalline polymer such as a polyalkylterephthalate, especially polybutyleneterephthalate or polyethyleneterephthalate, or polyethylenenaphthalate to a styrene copolymer (A). The low gloss styrene copolymer composition of the invention has a graft copolymer resin which results from polymerizing one or more monomers (A1) selected from the group consisting of (i) aromatic vinyl compounds, (ii) ethylenically unsaturated compounds, and (iii) mixtures thereof, in the presence of an elastomeric rubber (A2) in particulate form.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions compriseA) from 20 to 99% by weight of a polyester, up to 90% by weight of which may be replaced by a polycarbonate or a polyamide,B) from 0.1 to 7% by weight of a carbodiimide of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 are identical or different radicals selected from the group consisting of --NCO, --NHCONHR.sup.5, --NHCONR.sup.5 R.sup.6 and --NHCOOR.sup.7, whereR.sup.5 , R.sup.6 are identical or different and are alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl,R.sup.7 is the same as R.sup.5 or is alkoxy(poly)oxyalkylene andR.sup.2 , R.sup.3 are identical or different aliphatic radicals having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or cycloaliphatic radicals having from 5 to 15 carbon atoms or aromatic radicals having from 6 to 15 carbon atoms,R.sup.

Abstract: Partly aromatic semicrystalline thermoplastic polyamide molding compositions containA) from 40 to 100% by weight of a copolyamide composed ofa.sub.1) from 30 to 44 mol % of units which are derived from terephthalic acid,a.sub.2) from 6 to 20 mol % of units which are derived from isophthalic acid,a.sub.3) from 43 to 49.5 mol % of units which are derived from hexamethylenediamine anda.sub.4) from 0.5 to 7 mol % of units which are derived from aliphatic cyclic diamines of 6 to 30 carbon atoms,the molar percentages of components a.sub.1) to a.sub.4) together giving 100%, andB) from 0 to 50% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler,C) from 0 to 30% by weight of an elastomeric polymer andD) from 0 to 30% by weight of conventional additives and processing assistants,the percentages by weight of components A) to D) together giving 100%.