Abstract: A process for treating a solid substrate coupled to a polyol, wherein said polyol bears free hydroxyl groups, comprising the grafting of at least one fatty acid having an aliphatic chain comprising at least 12 carbon atoms onto said solid substrate coupled to a polyol by esterification of at least one free hydroxyl group of said polyol.

Abstract: A process for treating a solid substrate coupled to a polyol, wherein said polyol bears free hydroxyl groups, comprising the grafting of at least one fatty acid having an aliphatic chain comprising at least 12 carbon atoms onto said solid substrate coupled to a polyol by esterification of at least one free hydroxyl group of said polyol.

Abstract: A gear transmission having at least one gear wheel stage, wherein at least one of the gear wheels is fastened coaxially on a hollow shaft that is rotatably mounted in a transmission housing via at least two shaft bearings. An outside-radial stage offset is formed on the hollow shaft as a seat for a broad rim gear wheel that approaches the plant radially on the inside.

Abstract: Planetary gearing, in particular multistage planetary gearing, is disclosed. The planetary gearing includes at least one drive shaft, an output shaft, a sun wheel, a ring gear, planet wheels assigned to the planetary gear train, a gear casing, in particular a multipart gear casing, a planetary gear train, in particular the second planetary gear train, comprising a planet wheel arm immovably arranged in a casing. The construction of such a planetary gearing is simplified compared to the prior art, thereby saving costs. This is achieved in that the planet wheel arm is integrally formed with a casing.

Abstract: Planetary gearing, in particular multistage planetary gearing, is disclosed. The planetary gearing includes at least one drive shaft, an output shaft, a sun wheel, a ring gear, planet wheels assigned to the planetary gear train, a gear casing, in particular a multipart gear casing, a planetary gear train, in particular the second planetary gear train, comprising a planet wheel arm immovably arranged in a casing. The construction of such a planetary gearing is simplified compared to the prior art, thereby saving costs. This is achieved in that the planet wheel arm is integrally formed with a casing.

Abstract: A drive train for harnessing the energy of a fluid flow includes a rotor configured to be driven by the fluid flow, a transmission that is connected to the rotor at the input end, either directly or indirectly via the rotor shaft or other components, and a generator that is connected to the transmission at the output end. A lubricant system supplies lubricant to one of the drive train components as well as to another drive train component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear transmission having at least one gear wheel stage (1), wherein at least one of the gear wheels (2a; 2b) is fastened coaxially on a hollow shaft (3) that is rotatably mounted in a transmission housing (5) via at least two shaft bearings (4a, 4b). An outside-radial stage offset (8) is formed on the hollow shaft (3) as a seat for a broad rim gear wheel (2a) that approaches the plant radially on the inside.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a high-barrier composite, comprising a substrate, a first layer made of an exclusively inorganic material, a first layer made of an inorganic-organic hybrid material, and a second layer made of an exclusively inorganic material, characterized in that the layer made of inorganic-organic hybrid material is arranged directly between the two layers made of exclusively inorganic material and has a thickness of less than 1 ?m. The composite can be produced using the steps wherein the layer or layers made of inorganic-organic hybrid material is/are applied to the [sic, word missing—substrate?—Tr.] coated with inorganic material by means of applying a lacquer material with a viscosity of 0.002 Pas to 0.02 Pas and/or a surface tension in the range of 25 mN/m to 35 mN/m or a laminating material with a viscosity of 0.1 Pas to 200 Pas, wherein the substrate is transported without contact with the means effecting the transport.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which actuates a valve-closure member cooperating with a valve-seat surface a sealing seat. An hydraulic coupler includes a master piston, a slave piston, and a coupler volume formed in-between, the coupler volume being connected to a compensating chamber via a throttle. An elastic flexible section delimits the compensating chamber at least partially, and the coupler volume, the throttle, and the compensating chamber are filled with an hydraulic medium. The flexible section exerts a pressure on the hydraulic medium due to prestressing, and the force of a compression spring, which is braced either directly and/or via fixed components on the slave piston and the master piston, is directed with an initial stress in such a way that the force enlarges the coupler volume.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which actuates a valve-closure member cooperating with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat. A hydraulic coupler includes a master piston, a slave piston, and a coupler volumeformed in-between. The master piston and the slave piston are axially displaceable with respect to one another. The coupler volume is connected to a compensating chamber via a throttle. A flexible section delimits the compensating chamber at least partially, and the coupler volume, the throttle, and the compensating chamber are filled with a hydraulic medium. At least one spring element directly or indirectly exerts pressure on the flexible section from the outside, via fixed components.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which actuates a valve-closure member cooperating with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat. A hydraulic coupler includes a master piston, a slave piston, and a coupler volumeformed in-between. The master piston and the slave piston are axially displaceable with respect to one another. The coupler volume is connected to a compensating chamber via a throttle. A flexible section delimits the compensating chamber at least partially, and the coupler volume, the throttle, and the compensating chamber are filled with a hydraulic medium. At least one spring element directly or indirectly exerts pressure on the flexible section from the outside, via fixed components.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which actuates a valve-closure member cooperating with a valve-seat surface a sealing seat. An hydraulic coupler includes a master piston, a slave piston, and a coupler volume formed in-between, the coupler volume being connected to a compensating chamber via a throttle. An elastic flexible section delimits the compensating chamber at least partially, and the coupler volume, the throttle, and the compensating chamber are filled with an hydraulic medium. The flexible section exerts a pressure on the hydraulic medium due to prestressing, and the force of a compression spring, which is braced either directly and/or via fixed components on the slave piston and the master piston, is directed with an initial stress in such a way that the force enlarges the coupler volume.

Abstract: A fuel injector, in particular for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, includes a valve needle, which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat, and an armature engaging with the valve needle. The armature is arranged on the valve needle in an axially movable manner and damped by a damping element made of an elastomer. Arranged between the armature and the damping element is an intermediate ring, and the damping element rests on a flange that is connected to the valve needle by force locking. Due to the intermediate ring, the armature is supported on the valve needle in a twist-proof manner.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive actuator, a valve needle, which is in operative connection with the actuator and acted upon with a restoring force by a valve spring in a closing direction to actuate a valve-closure member; and an hydraulic coupler which encompasses a piston that at least partially engages in a receiving opening and forms a coupler gap therewith, which is filled with an hydraulic fluid; a cavity being formed in the piston, which is open toward the coupler gap and at least partially filled with the hydraulic fluid and forms a compensating chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injector, particularly a fuel injector for fuel injection systems in internal combustion engines, has a valve needle, which cooperates with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat, and an armature, which engages with the valve needle, the armature being movable along the axis of the valve needle and being damped by a damping element made from an elastomer. In this context, a first intermediate ring is situated between the armature and the damping element. The damping element rests on the flange, which is connected in a force-locking manner to the valve needle. The intermediate ring and/or the flange is furnished with radial and/or axial channels which connect an interior volume located between the valve needle and the damping element to a central cutaway of the fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel injector (1), in particular for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, includes a valve needle (3), which cooperates with a valve seat surface (6) to form a sealing seat, and an armature (20) engaging with the valve needle (3). The armature (20) is arranged on the valve needle (3) in an axially movable manner and damped by a damping element (32) made of an elastomer. Arranged between the armature (20) and the damping element (32) is an intermediate ring (33), and the damping element (32) rests on a flange (31) that is connected to the valve needle (3) by force locking. Due to the intermediate ring (33), the armature (20) is supported on the valve needle (3) in a twist-proof manner.

Abstract: An electromagnetically operable valve having an electromagnetic circuit which includes at least one solenoid coil, a core used as internal pole, and an armature, as well as a magnet housing at least partially surrounding the solenoid coil. The magnet housing is produced from a sheet-metal blank with the aid of rolling or bending. The magnet housing has a middle housing area that is adjoined in the axial direction on both sides by attachment areas which have a smaller outside diameter than the housing area. The valve is particularly suitable as a fuel injector for fuel-injection systems of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: A method is described for manufacturing a magnet coil for a valve in which first a metal base element of the valve is made available, then an electrically insulating winding support is mounted on the outer wall of the base element, and lastly a winding of the magnet coil is introduced into the winding support. Such a configuration of a magnet coil is suitable particularly in fuel injection valves which are used in mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines, but also in all other solenoid valves.

Abstract: A fuel injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines has an electromagnetic actuating element including a magnet coil, a tubular internal pole and an external magnetic circuit part, a valve sleeve having an internal opening and thin walls and a movable valve closing body which works together with a valve seat assigned to a valve seating body. The valve seating body and the internal pole are fixedly arranged in the internal opening in the valve sleeve . The internal pole has a longitudinal slot formed by producing it by rolling and/or bending.

Abstract: The method according to the present invention for manufacturing a magnet coil for a valve is characterized in that first a metal base element (2) of the valve is made available, then an electrically insulating winding support (50) is mounted on the outer wall of the base element (2), and lastly a winding (4) of the magnet coil (1) is introduced into the winding support (50).