Abstract: The present invention relates to a biosensor comprising a substrate with a coating system in which a Ruthenium complex and an enzyme is integrated. The enzyme is able to convert bioproducts, e.g. glucose, fructose or glycerol. The depletion of oxygen during these converting reactions can be monitored via the fluorescence of the Ruthenium complex. The inventive biosensor can be used in biotechnological processes, e.g. the synthesis of biofuels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus coats a substrate with an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer material. The method generates and maintains a plasma according to the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) technique, method including the steps of introducing a sample in the space between two electrodes, generating a plasma discharge between the electrodes and admixing aerosols containing hybrid organic/inorganic cross-linked pre-polymers to the plasma discharge. Also, an apparatus generates the plasma and admixes the liquid coating material (precursor solution) in the form of aerosol to the plasma discharge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biosensor comprising a substrate with a coating system in which a Ruthenium complex and an enzyme is integrated. The enzyme is able to convert bioproducts, e.g. glucose, fructose or glycerol. The depletion of oxygen during these converting reactions can be monitored via the fluorescence of the Ruthenium complex. The inventive biosensor can be used in biotechnological processes, e.g. the synthesis of biofuels.

Abstract: A coating material for interior walls and exterior facades has heat reflection and oleophobicity/hydrophobicity, properties. The material is either opaque to visible light and/or contains a material which provides opacity. It includes: a) at least one silane of the formula (I) XaRbSiR14−a−b  (I)  in which X is a hydrolyzable group, R is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, R1 is an organic radical which is attached to the silicon via carbon and carries a reactive group, a is an integer from 1 to 3, and b is an integer from 0 to 2, or a (partial) condensate of this silane, b) at least one infrared-reflecting pigment whose particle size is situated primarily in the range from 1 to 50 &mgr;m, and c) a solvent and/or dispersion medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrically conductive coating that is producible by hydrolytic condensation of a mixture comprising at least one silicon compound of the general formula SiXnR(4−n) (I), wherein at least one of the groups R is a mercapto-substituted alkyl or aryl group; and a compound of the general formula ZaSiYbR(a−4−b) (II), wherein the group Z is a quaternary ammonium salt, for example. Said coating is particularly suitable for toner transfer drums, and exhibits high scratch resistance and good adhesion to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating material having heat reflection properties and excellent oleophobicity/hydrophobicity, which is suitable as a coating for interior walls and exterior facades.

Abstract: A process for embossing hydrophobic polymers with metallic embossing dies or embossing rolls, where the embossing dies or embossing rolls are hydrophobicized prior to the first embossing procedure. An embossing die or embossing roll for embossing hydrophobic polymers is also provided.

Abstract: A family of innovative composite zeolite materials and methods for making the same are disclosed. Zeolites 3A and 13X have been incorporated into hybrid polysiloxane polymers to form composite materials which are useful as membranes for separating a variety of gaseous and liquid materials. Thermal curing, thermal drying and UV curing were utilized to initiate polymer crosslinking reactions and bond the polymers to zeolite surfaces. Thin film samples exhibited nitrogen adsorption as high as 126 cc/g and specific surface area of up to 390 m2/g. Infrared characterization spectra and TEM analysis indicated that polymeric matrices bonded to zeolite surfaces. Pore size of the composite membrane films may be tailored for specific separation applications through choice of zeolite and polymer compositions, curing method, and post-synthesis membrane treatments.

Abstract: Silanes of the general formula (I):{X.sub.a R.sub.b Si(R'(A).sub.c).sub.(4-a-b) }.sub.x B (I)in which the groups and indices have the following meaning:X: hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxycaryl or --NR".sub.2 ;R: alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl;R': alkylene, arylene or alkylene arylene;R": hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;A: O, S, PR", POR", NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR";B: straight chain or branched organic group, which is derived from a B' compound with at least one C.dbd.C double bond for c.dbd.1 and A.dbd.NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR") or at least two C.dbd.C double bonds, and 5 to 50 carbon atoms;a: 1, 2 or 3;b: 0, 1 or 2;c: 0 or 1;x: whole number, whose maximum value corresponds to the number of double bonds in compound B' minus 1, or is equal to the number of double bonds in compound B', when c.dbd.

Abstract: Silanes of the general formula (I):{(X.sub.a R.sub.b Si(R'(A).sub.c).sub.(4-a-b) }.sub.x B (I)in which the groups and indices have the following meaning:X: hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxycaryl or --NR".sub.2 ;R: alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl;R': alkylene, arylene or alkylene arylene;R": hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;A: O, S, PR", POR", NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR";B: straight chain or branched organic group, which is derived from a B' compound with at least one C.dbd.C double bond for c=1 and A=NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR") or at least two C.dbd.C double bonds, and 5 to 50 carbon atoms;a: 1, 2 or 3;b: 0, 1 or 2;c: 0 or 1;x: whole number, whose maximum value corresponds to the number of double bonds in compound B' minus 1, or is equal to the number of double bonds in compound B', when c=1 and A stands for NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR";are suitable to prepare homo and copolycondensates and homo or copolymers according to the sol-gel method or by photochemical or thermal polymerization.

Abstract: Polycondensates modified with unsaturated organic groups on the basis of rolytically condensable compounds of silicon and optionally other elements from the group B, Al, P, Sn, Pb, the transition metals, the lanthanides and the actinides, in which 5 to 100 mole %, based on the monomer compounds, of the fundamental hydrolytically condensable compounds are selected from silanes of the general formula (I):{X.sub.a R.sub.b Si(R'(A.sub.c).sub.(4-a-b) }.sub.x B (I)in which the groups and indices have the following meaning:X: hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxyl acyloxy, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl or -NR".sub.2 ;R: alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl;R': alkylene, arylene or alkylene arylene;R": hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;A: O, S, PR", POR", NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR";B: straight chain or branched organic group, which is derived from a compound B' with at least one C.dbd.C double bond (for c=I and A=NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR"), or at least two C.dbd.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of waste water containing boron compounds and radionuclides. The waste water is essentially vaporized until dry to yield a concentrate. Boric acid ester and an azeotropic mixture of water and alcohol are produced in a reaction by the addition of an excess of a long chain primary alcohol, e.g. butyl alcohol, to the concentrate. The azeotropic mixture, excess alcohol and boric acid ester are then separated from the concentrate by distilling. The non-radioactive components are then separated from the concentrate leaving behind a radioactive residue, which can be safely disposed of. The azeotropic mixture is then separated back into water and alcohol, and the boric acid ester is saponified back into boric acid and alcohol. The alcohol and boric acid are recycled back into the treatment process and to the nuclear reactor.

Abstract: The conversion of CO/H.sub.2 O mixtures, in particular water gas, is carr out in the presence of solid, polymer rhodium complex catalysts which are insoluble in aqueous and organic solvents and are obtainable by polycondensation of one or more rhodium complexes having at least one ligand which contains at least one group capable of coordinating to rhodium and at least one group forming an inorganic network in the polycondensation, either with itself or with one or more inorganic network-forming agents capable of undergoing polycondensation. Novel rhodium complexes of this type are also described.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## are described in which Q denotes ##STR2## R denotes alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aryl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote H, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl,R.sup.3 denotes H, methyl or ethyl,D.sup.1 and D.sup.2 denote saturated hydrocarbon groups,E denotes alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene, saturated or unsaturated heteroyls or a group of the formula II ##STR3## a and b denote integers from 1 to 4. c denotes an integer from 1 to 3,m denotes 2, 3 or 4, depending on the valency of Q, andn denotes an integer from 1 to m, where all radicals of the same definition may be identical to or different from one another.The compounds are suitable as polymerizable compounds for photopolymerizable mixtures and are distinguished by ready polymerizability in combination with photoinitiators and long shelf lives in the layer.

Abstract: A device is proposed for controlling a flowthrough cross section in a controlled line, in particular in a line carrying operating medium in internal combustion engines, in order to exert influence on the idling rpm of the engine. The device includes an actuation member comprising an immersion-coil magnet system which engages an actuation shaft with which a first valve member and a second valve member are connected. The coaxial guidance of the actuation shaft in the valve housing is effected by means of two guide diaphragms held in place relative to one another by attachment to the housing on their circumference. The valve members are identical in shape and each cooperates with a valve seat provided in a valve plate in the identical direction. The air flow may be effected via inlet apertures provided in the tubular section of the valve housing exhausting via the opened valve seats to outlet apertures in the cap.

Abstract: An adjustment device having a servomotor and arranged for rotary angle adjustment is proposed. The rotary portion is connected via a shaft with a throttle device which controls the cross section of a bypass line bypassing a throttle valve disposed in the intake tube of an internal combustion engine. The adjustment device is axially limited on one end by a cap, which is embodied as a cast part together with a portion of the bypass line. The throttle device is embodied as a rotary slide and with a control portion transversely penetrates the cap and the bypass with the control portion arranged to open the bypass to a greater or lesser extent depending on the position of the rotary slide. Between an armature of the servomotor and the rotary slide, a sealing disc is loosely guided on the shaft. As a result of a pressure drop at the sealing disc, the sealing disc can be pressed against a sealing face of the cap in order to keep the leakage air quantity as small as possible.

Abstract: There is described a pump assembly which, in a unitary structure, comprises an electric pump drive motor and a two stage pump contained within a common housing. The motor drives the first stage of the pump upstream of the second stage which supplies the fuel, by creating a higher output from the first stage, which supply pressure is produced on the suction side of the second stage to maintain the pressure build-up in the pump. An air discharge is provided ahead of the inlet to the suction side of the second stage to dispell gases created in the fuel by the elevated pump pressures.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a fuel system for internal combustion engines in which the unburned, heated fuel which is permitted to flow back to the tank from the fuel metering assembly is deaerated via an apparatus in order to prevent gases from re-entering the fuel supply pump when the fuel is reinduced thereto. By the inclusion of a jet pump between the fuel return line and the induction line, the degree of efficiency of the fuel supply pump is substantially increased.

Abstract: A filter for liquids has a housing, a filtering element accommodated in the housing and having a central tube, and a vibration damper located in the housing and having a membrane, a spring biasing the membrane and a casing arranged to accommodate the membrane and the spring and including a cup-shaped portion which extends into the central tube and receives the spring therein.

Abstract: A procedure and an apparatus are proposed for effectively degassing fuel supply pumps, where the fuel used contains components which vaporize easily at elevated fuel temperatures, and particularly for leading off gas bubbles as they are formed whenever these occur or form in the immediate area of the pump intake. The entire pump and especially the intake area of the pump, which is preferably a roller piston pump, are embodied in open design, with the fuel supply pump arranged perpendicularly and the pumping area located at the bottom, so that gas bubbles forming in the fuel can be carried off before they are introduced into the pump.The pump comprises a base plate with a telescoping rigid tubular member and an intermediate plate screwed onto the base plate, the intermediate plate having an eccentric boring, which encloses the groove disc of the thus-embodied roller piston pump.