Abstract: The invention relates to a process for bleaching oils or fats. For this, a naturally active or non-naturally active bleaching earth is provided in a first vessel (10) and an organic acid in a second vessel (11). In a mixing vessel (8), the oil or fat which is to be bleached is admixed with bleaching earth and the organic acid, wherein the bleaching earth and the organic are added individually. Subsequently, the oil or fat which is to be bleached is bleached in a conventional manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of processing an acid suspension containing at least one solid, wherein (a) the suspension containing at least one solid is mixed with an alkali metal silicate solution, the pH of the mixture being adjusted to a pH of more than 4, and (b) the resulting precipitate which contains the alkali metal silicate and the at least one solid is separated and optionally washed, dried and ground. The mixture according to (a) after aging may be acidified further by the addition of an acid. Furthermore, there are disclosed an adsorbent obtainable according to the preceding process, and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing granules and to a granule obtained by the process. In the process, a clay material is used which has a specific surface area of more than 150 m2/g, a pore volume of more than 0.45 ml/g and a cation exchange capacity of more than 15 meq/100 g.

Abstract: A method for producing an adsorbing agent, an absorbing agent obtained by the method, and its use as bleaching earth, in particular for refining oils and fats, is described. In the method according to the invention, a raw clay with a specific surface area of more than 200 m2/g, an ion exchange capacity of more than 40 meq/100 g and a pore volume of more than 0.5 ml/g is used. At least 40% of the pore volume are provided by pores which have a pore diameter of at least 14 nm, and at most 25% of the pore volume are provided by pores which have a diameter of less than 7.5 nm. Surface activation with an acid gives an adsorbing agent which has a bleaching activity which partly exceeds that of high performance bleaching earths obtained by intensive dealuminization and washing with strong acid.

Abstract: A process is described for reducing the dioxin content of a composition comprising at least one dioxin-containing raw clay or a dioxin-containing bleaching earth, characterized in that the composition is heated to a temperature in the range of about 125 to 650° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of processing an acid suspension containing at least one solid, wherein (a) the suspension containing at least one solid is mixed with an alkali metal silicate solution, the pH of the mixture being adjusted to a pH of more than 4, and (b) the resulting precipitate which contains the alkali metal silicate and the at least one solid is separated and optionally washed, dried and ground. The mixture according to (a) after aging may be acidified further by the addition of an acid. Furthermore, there are disclosed an adsorbent obtainable according to the preceding process, and the use thereof.

Abstract: A rubber compound is described containing as a reinforcing filler a layered silicate which is obtained by excessive leaching of a smectitic layered silicate with mineral acids. The rubber compound further contains at least one diene polymer or copolymer and a coupler containing groups reactive with the filler. There is also described a method for production of the rubber compound and molded articles produced from the rubber compound.

Abstract: A rubber compound, cross-linkable with sulfur, is described, containing:

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the ecological usage of acid effluents. Also disclosed is a sorption agent which is characterized in that an acid effluent, created from the production of fullers earth which contains as main ingredients Fe.sup.2+/3+ -, Al.sup.3+ -, Ca.sup.2+ - and Mg.sup.2+ cations and inorganic anions, is reacted with an alkali silicate. The resultant precipitate is separated in an aqueous phase and, when necessary, purified and dried. The sorption agent can be used for the bleaching of oils or for the removal of soaps, phospholipids and heavy metals from oils, specifically edible oils.