Abstract: A control system includes a casing being partially filled with oil and in which an electrical, mechanical and/or hydraulic control device is disposed. An electronic control system is functionally associated with the control device. In order to keep electrical lines from the electronic control system to the control device as short as possible, the electronic control system is located inside the casing and is partially surrounded by oil. A printed circuit board and components of the electronic control system are sealed with a protective layer.

Abstract: An actuator element of an electromagnetic transducer which converts an electric current into an associated mechanical variable, for example an oil pressure, a displacement or a force, has hysteresis which is reduced by the fact that a periodic fluctuation component (jitter current) is superimposed on an actuator current. The influence of the operating parameters of the actuator element (for example of the temperature) on the hysteresis is eliminated by the fact that the frequency or the amplitude of the fluctuation component is varied in dependence on the operating parameter.