Abstract: A magneto-optical light switching element comprising islands which are formed from an epitaxial layer on the basis of bismuth-substituted rare earth metal iron garnet, which layer is provided on a nonmagnetic, optically transparent garnet substrate, integrated heating resistors being provided on the islands which are surrounded by a coil, the substrate being (100)-oriented and the coil being constructed as an integrated coil.

Abstract: A magneto-optical light switching element comprising islands which are formed from an epitaxial layer on the basis of bismuth-substituted rare earth metal iron garnet, which layer is provided on a magnetically unordered, optically transparent, (111)-oriented garnet substrate, integrated heating resistors being provided on the islands which are surrounded by a coil, the epitaxial layer being grown from a melt which contains lead oxide and boron oxide as a flux, the boron content of the melt used for growing the epitaxial layer being in the range from 12.7 to 25 at % (cation content) and the coil being constructed as an integrated coil.

Abstract: In a magnetic layer of a magnetooptical modulator having fixed magnetic single domain areas, the areas of the layer present between the single domain areas are made electrically conductive by reduction.

Abstract: A magnetic layer for storing information in the form of a fixed, two-dimensional array of magnetic domains. The magnetic layer can be magnetized in either of two opposite directions normal to the plane of the layer. The walls of the domains are fixed by local gradients in the value and direction of the magnetic anistropy and in the value and direction of the magnetic exchange energy of the magnetic layer. The local gradients may be caused by a relatively high defect density at the domain wall locations, by implanting ions into the magnetic layer at the locations of the domain walls thereby causing a local expansion of the crystal lattice of the layer, and/or by etching a multiplicity of nonconnected tapering channels in and substantially perpendicular to the plane of the magnetic layer at these locations. Where tapering channels are used, the magnetic layer is provided on a substrate such that the crystal lattice constant of the magnetic layer is different from the crystal lattice constant of the substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic layer for storing information in the form of a fixed, two-dimensional array of magnetic domains. The magnetic layer can be magnetized in either of two opposite directions normal to the plane of the layer. The walls of the domains are fixed by local gradients in the value and direction of the magnetic anisotropy and in the value and direction of the magnetic exchange energy of the magnetic layer. The local gradients may be caused by a relatively high defect density at the domain wall locations, by implanting ions into the magnetic layer at the locations of the domain walls thereby causing a local expansion of the crystal lattice of the layer, and/or by etching a multiplicity of non-connected tapering channels in and substantially perpendicular to the plane of the magnetic layer at these locations. Where tapering channels are used, the magnetic layer is provided on a substrate such that the crystal lattice constant of the magnetic layer is different from the crystal lattice constant of the substrate.

Abstract: An electrostatic printer having electrodes which each are constructed as a needle arranged on a rotatable drum mounted for translatory movements. At the recording area the needle slides directly over the paper under pressure to cause the paper to be slightly pushed away. The width of the recorded track is identified by the contact surface area of the needle.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for removing electrostatic charges from an insulating foil by moving the foil between first and second gas plasma generators including a novel arrangement of electrodes that produce uniform glow discharges in air adjacent the electrodes and the foil.

Abstract: A device for selectively depositing spots of a liquid ink electrode is provided for forming an electric field which acts on the meniscus of the liquid on a liquid-conduit as a deformation pulse is disposed behind the record carrier and the liquid-conduit is laterally movable with respect to the record carrier.

Abstract: A writing device for writing with liquid ink in which the transfer of the ink to the record carrier is electrically controlled having a piezoceramic beam provided with electrodes on the surface thereof and formed with ducts which extends longitudinally to accommodate electrodes and/or ink. A writing stylus is secured to the end face thereof.