Abstract: A di- or tri-sulphonic acid hydrazide of an alkylated diphenyl ether, said hydrazide being of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and represent halogen or a lower alkyl radical and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can denote hydrogen,R.sub.3 denotes a lower alkyl radical andn represents the number 1 or 2.A process for the preparation of such hydrazides and the use of such hydrazides as chemical blowing agents in the production of foams from foamable compositions, especially rubbers and thermoplastic resins.

Abstract: A process for separating phenol from a mixture of the same with cresol which comprises including in the mixture a component which has a dipole moment of 0 to 0.5 Debye and has a boiling point, under 1 bar, in the temperature range from 120.degree. to 220.degree. C. or which has a dipole moment of 0.5 to 2.5 Debyes and has a boiling point, under 1 bar, in the temperature range from 150.degree. to 190.degree. C. and distilling off phenol together with said component to leave behind said cresol.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyamines which are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible basic polyamides which have been prepared by condensation of aliphatic polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups and at least one secondary or tertiary amino group, or of mixtures of these polyamines and of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary and one secondary amino group, with saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 4-10 carbon atoms, or with functional derivatives thereof and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least 3 carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) one or more polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: Water-soluble amines which are not self-crosslinking and are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersable amines containing amide groups, prepared by condensation of (a) 1 mol of dicarboxylic acid or functional derivatives thereof, (b) 0 to 30 mols of aminocarboxylic acids containing at least three C atoms, or lactams thereof, and (c) 1.4 to 30 mols of polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.3,y is in each case the same or different and denotes the number 0 or 1 andx denotes a number from 4 to 15,and(B) compounds which are polyfunctional towards amino groups, are suitable as agents for increasing the retention of fibres, fillers and pigments, for accelerating drainage during the production of paper and for working up effluents from paper machines.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyamines which are obtainable by reacting(A) one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible basic polyamides which have been prepared by condensation of aliphatic polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups and at least one secondary or tertiary amino group, or of mixtures of these polyamines and of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic polyamines containing two primary or two secondary amino groups or one primary and one secondary amino group, with saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 4-10 carbon atoms, or with functional derivatives thereof and optionally with .omega.-aminocarboxylic acids containing at least 3 carbon atoms, or lactams thereof,(B) one or more polyalkylenepolyamines of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes H or CH.sub.

Abstract: In the degradation of organic compounds in an effluent by oxidizing the effluent at an elevated temperature with oxygen, the improvement which comprises effecting the oxidation at a redox potential of from about 300 to 600 millivolts, as measured with a platinum electrode against a silver-silver chloride electrode, at a temperature of from about 80.degree. to 250.degree. C and under a pressure of from about 30 to 200 bars. The redox potential may be maintained by an Fe.sup.2+ and/or Fe.sup.3+ ion system and the pH is advantageously below about 7.

Abstract: Tetramethylethylenediamine is prepared by reacting 1,2-dichloroethane with an excess of dimethylamine at elevated temperatures and pressures. The process is carried out continuously in the presence of water and the amines in the reaction product are liberated by treatment with bases. Unconverted dimethylamine is separated and treated with water and then recycled into the reaction.

Abstract: Polyethylene-polyamine salts of low viscosity and high retention action, are prepared by subjecting polyethylene-polyamine salts of higher viscosity to a thermal degradation by heating their aqueous solutions in closed reaction vessels to temperatures of 100.degree. to 180.degree. C under pressures of 2 to 10 atmospheres.