Abstract: Hydraulic fluids, in particular brake fluids for motor vehicles, contain from 0.005 to 0.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: Copolymers I carrying functional groups and comprising

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of amides of polymerized fatty acids as thickeners.Moreover, the invention relates to aqueous compositions comprising these amides as thickeners.

Abstract: Polyalkeneamines of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may have different meanings, are prepared by a process in which a polyalkene epoxide is reacted with an amine and the amino alcohol is dehydrated and reduced to give the compound of the formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of at least one compound of general formula (I), ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkenyl radical; R.sub.4 represents an alkyl or alkenyl radical, and n represents 1 to 5; or of an acid addition salt thereof, as an inhibitor of corrosion in the extraction, processing, storage and transportation of crude oil and natural gas, and to a process for the preparation of this compound.

Abstract: Quaternized imidazoles I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals of 1-12 carbon atoms which can be substituted by oxygen-functional groups or interrupted by nonadjacent oxygens,R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals of 1-12 carbon atoms which can be substituted by oxygen-functional groups or interrupted by nonadjacent oxygens, it being possible for R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, together with the corresponding imidazole carbons, to form a five- or six-membered ring, andX.sup..crclbar. is an anion,are used as corrosion inhibitors in the corrosion protection of nonferrous metals, especially for car radiator protection.

Abstract: The use of aqueous solutions or dispersions of copolymers composed ofA) from 5 to 95 mol % of ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids having 3 to 10 carbons, their anhydrides, their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts, or mixtures thereof,B) from 5 to 95 mol % of ethylenically unsaturated acetals, ketals or orthocarboxylic esters of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 independently are hydrogen or an organic radical anda to d independently are 0 or 1, andC) from 0 to 70 mol % of other copolymerizable monomersor their hydrolysis products or polymer-analogous reaction products, as tanning agents for the self-tanning, pretanning or assist tanning of leather pelts and skin pelts or for the retanning of leather and skins.

Abstract: Fuel or lubricant additives based on reaction products of an ethylenically unsaturated poly-1-alkene derived from one or more 1-alkenes of 3 to 24 carbon atoms and from 0 to 50% by weight of ethene, processes for their preparation and fuel or lubricant compositions containing these additives are described.

Abstract: Carboxylic esters of the formula IR.sup.1 --CO--O--R.sup.2 I,whereR.sup.1 is an aliphatic, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having alkyl side chains and a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 5000 andR.sup.2 is a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a radical of the formula II ##STR1## where R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently of one another, are each hyrogen, branched or straight-chain alkyl, an aromatic radical or an araliphatic radical which may also contain heteroatoms,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8, independently of one another, are each branched or straight-chain alkyl or an aromatic or araliphatic radical which may also contain heteroatoms,X is O, S, NR.sup.9 or PR.sup.9, where R.sup.9 is an aliphatic or aromatic radical,n and m, independently of one another, are each from 2 to 20, andx is from 0 to 30,are used as fuel additives or lubricant additives, and fuel compositions or lubricant compositions contain these additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric bisesters of alkyl- or alkenyldicarboxylic acid derivatives and polyalcohols, and their use as solubilizers, emulsifiers and/or detergents. In particular, the bisesters are advantageously used in cosmetic compositions, detergents and cleaners, pharmaceutical compositions, foodstuffs and crop protection compositions. The invention furthermore relates to a process for preparing these bisesters.

Abstract: The use of polymers which are preparable by reaction of(a) polymers that contain vinylamine units, with(b) compounds that contain aldehyde or keto groups, and optionally(c) NH- and/or OH-containing compoundsand which contain aminal, hemiaminal and/or aminal-acetal structures with or without unconverted vinylamine units, as detergent additive for inhibiting dye transfer during the wash, and polymers containing aminal, hemiaminal and/or aminal-acetal structures, obtainable by reaction of(a) polymers that contain vinylamine units, with(b) compounds that contain aldehyde or keto groups, and(c) NH- and/or OH-containing compounds,and detergents which contain the abovementioned polymers in amounts from 0.05 to 10% by weight.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions containing a polyurethane built up froma) diisocyanates having 4 to 30 carbon atoms,b) diols, of whichb.1) from 10 to 100 mol %, based on the total amount of the diols (b), have a molecular weight of from 500 to 5000 and are built up fromb1.1) (C.sub.4 - to C.sub.30 -alkyl)succinic acid and/or (C.sub.4 - to C.sub.30 -alkenyl)succinic acid,b1.2) from 0 to 60 mol %, based on component (b1.1), of a dicarboxylic acid which is different from component (b1.1), andb1.3) a diol having a molecular weight of from 60 to 500 g/mol,b.2) from 0 to 90 mol %, based on the total amount of the diols (b), have a molecular weight of from 60 to 500 g/mol, andb.

Abstract: The preparation of alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines by a two-stage procedure where, in the first stage, one molecule of alkylene oxide per NH group is added onto the oligoamines or polyamines in the presence of water, alcohols or acids or a mixture thereof in the absence of a neutral or basic catalyst and, in the second stage, after removal of water and acids reaction with further alkylene oxide is carried out in the presence of a conventional neutral or basic catalyst, entails, before the second stage is carried out, an organic solvent or diluent or a mixture thereof from the group of(a) alcohols and phenols and their alkoxylates,(b) polyalcohols based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or a mixture thereof,(c) N-substituted carboxamides,(d) alkanolmonoamines and alkanolpolyamines and their alkoxylates,(e) other alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines,(f) aromatic hydrocarbons,(g) aliphatic hydrocarbons,(h) ethers and(i) sulfones or sulfoxidesbeing added.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon-soluble aminomethylenephosphonic acid derivatives comprising the structural element of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl which can additionally bear up to 15 hydroxyl groups and/or be interrupted by up to 14 non-adjacent oxygen atoms, C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.18 -aralkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl which may be substituted by up to three C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl groups, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkoxy groups, halogen atoms, cyano groups, hydroxyl groups or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl groups, for the solvent extraction of iron ions from aqueous solutions.

Abstract: Modified copolymers which are suitable as paraffin dispersants and are obtainable by reacting a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and/or a dicarboxylic acid derivative and a diketene of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl,with an amine of the general formula II ##STR2## where m may be from 0 to 100, n from 0 to 5 and x from 0 to 5,R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl andA is NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 or C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkoxy,and at least one of the substituents R.sup.6 or R.sup.7 is not hydrogen and is C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl or alkenyl or a polyether radical ##STR3## where R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and p is from 1 to 100,with the proviso that, when n is 0, A is NR.sup.6 R.sup.7,their preparation and use, and mineral oil middle distillates which contain these modified copolymers.

Abstract: Polymer blends containa) from 10 to 90% by weight of an imide of a copolymer based on an .alpha.-olefin and on an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyamine andb) from 10 to 90% by weight of a copolymer which differs from a) and contains at least two monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylene, acrylates, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers and ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acid derivatives,and are used as additives for mineral oil middle distillates.

Abstract: Water is separated from crude oil by a process in which the oil demulsifier used is a mixture ofA) compounds which have demulsifying activity and are of the structure type of the(a) polyethyleneimine alkoxylate,(b) mono- or oligoamine alkoxylate,(c) alkoxylated alkylphenol/formaldehyde resins,(d) alkoxylated amine-modified alkylphenol/formaldehyde resins,(e) co- or terpolymers of alkoxylated acrylates or methacrylates with vinyl compounds,(f) condensates of mono- or oligoamine alkoxylates, dicarboxylic acids and alkylene oxide block copolymers, where these condensates may furthermore be completely or partially quaternized at the nitrogen atoms, or(g) compounds (a) to (f) reacted with crosslinking agents andB) as a demulsifying assistant, a polyalkylene glycol ether which has no demulsifying activity and is of the general formula I or IIR.sup.1 ?(OA.sup.1).sub.a --OH!.sub.n (I)H--(OA.sup.1).sub.b --(OA.sup.2).sub.c --(OA.sup.3).sub.d --OH(II)whereR.sup.1 is a monovalent to decavalent C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Aqueous preparations comprising an alkyl polyglycoside and a polyethylene glycol ether derivative of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl having 8-22 carbon atoms,A is a divalent radical derived from a diisocyanate andn is 20-400are described.

Abstract: Ethylene-based copolymers which are suitable as flow improvers for mineral oil middle distillates are composed ofa) from 50 to 94% by weight of ethylene,b) from 3 to 30% by weight of one or more vinyl esters of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,c) from 3 to 20% by weight of one or more aminoalkyl acrylates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be identical or different and are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl and A.sup.1 is straight-chain or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alkylene, andd) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers a) to c),copolymers in which monomer b) is vinyl acetate and which have a number average molecular weight of from 5000 to 50,000 being excluded, or are composed ofa') from 50 to 95.5% by weight of ethylene,b') from 4 to 30% by weight of one or more vinyl esters of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,c') from 0.