Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine comprising at least one turbocharger, at least one catalytic converter and a variable valve train, a valve overlap parameter being determined in at least one operating mode of the internal combustion engine and being used to set the valve train. According to the invention, the valve overlap parameter is adapted on the basis of at least one parameter for the condition of the catalytic converter and/or at least one parameter for the condition of the turbocharger, prior to being used to set the valve train. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine comprising at least one turbocharger, at least one catalytic converter and a variable valve train, a valve overlap parameter being determined in at least one operating mode of the internal combustion engine and being used to set the valve train. According to the invention, the valve overlap parameter is adapted on the basis of at least one parameter for the condition of the catalytic converter and/or at least one parameter for the condition of the turbocharger, prior to being used to set the valve train. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This invention relates to a ceramic or ceramic oxide hollow body and a method for its manufacture. The ceramic or ceramic oxide hollow body of the present invention does not require the use of a binder or adhering substrate or any type of internal embedded supports. The hollow body is capable of being manufactured for any desired diameter and length and is especially suited for thick walled pipes. The ceramic hollow body is homogeneous, free of internal cracks, and highly heat stable and shock insensitive. It is produced in a continuous quasi-isothermal thermal spray process in which hot atomized ceramic or ceramic oxide particles are sprayed as a plasma onto a non-adhering highly thermally conductive internally cooled mold core. The mold core is mounted on a rotating lathe which in turn is mounted on a longitudinally movable carriage to accomplish the uniform layer thickness of the hollow body.

Abstract: This invention relates to a ceramic or ceramic oxide hollow body and a method for its manufacture. The ceramic or ceramic oxide hollow body of the present invention does not require the use of a binder or adhering substrate or any type of internal embedded supports. The hollow body is capable of being manufactured for any desired diameter and length and is especially suited for thick walled pipes. The ceramic hollow body is homogeneous, free of internal cracks, and highly heat stable and shock insensitive. It is produced in a continuous quasi-isothermal thermal spray process in which hot atomized ceramic or ceramic oxide particles are sprayed as a plasma onto a non-adhering highly thermally conductive internally cooled mold core. The mold core is mounted on a rotating lathe which in turn is mounted on a longitudinally movable carriage to accomplish the uniform layer thickness of the hollow body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for manufacturing ceramic or ceramic oxide hollow bodies and a method for its manufacture. The ceramic hollow bodies of the present invention does not require the use of a binder or adhering substrate or any type of internal embedded supports. The hollow body is capable of being manufactured for any desired diameter and length and is especially suited for thick walled pipes. The ceramic hollow body is homogeneous, free of internal cracks, and highly heat stable and shock insensitive. It is produced in a continuous quasi-isothermal thermal spray process in which hot atomized ceramic or ceramic oxide particles are sprayed as a plasma onto a non-adhering highly thermally conductive internally cooled mold core. The mold core is mounted on a rotating lathe which in turn is mounted on a longitudinally movable carriage to accomplish the uniform layer thickness of the hollow body.