Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an integrated chip including an extended via that spans a combined height of a wire and a via and that has a smaller footprint than the wire. The extended via may replace a wire and an adjoining via at locations where the sizing and the spacing of the wire are reaching lower limits. Because the extended via has a smaller footprint than the wire, replacing the wire and the adjoining via with the extended via relaxes spacing and allows the size of the pixel to be further reduced. The extended via finds application for capacitor arrays used for pixel circuits.

Abstract: A biomimetic system is provided for evaluating an effect of a test sample in vitro, and includes at least one organ chip, at least one medium container, a liquid pump, a nebulizer, a gas pump, and a chamber device. The liquid pump is provided to drive a liquid medium in the medium container to flow into a lower sub-channel of the organ chip and then to be discharged back into the medium container. The nebulizer is provided for atomizing a test solution including the test sample into an aerosol. The gas pump is provided to generate a pressurized gas which force the aerosol to flow out of a chamber of the chamber device and then to flow through an upper sub-channel of the organ chip.

Abstract: A biomimetic system is provided for evaluating an effect of a test sample in vitro, and includes at least one organ chip, at least one medium container, a liquid pump, a nebulizer, a gas pump, and a chamber device. The liquid pump is provided to drive a liquid medium in the medium container to flow into a lower sub-channel of the organ chip and then to be discharged back into the medium container. The nebulizer is provided for atomizing a test solution including the test sample into an aerosol. The gas pump is provided to generate a pressurized gas which force the aerosol to flow out of a chamber of the chamber device and then to flow through an upper sub-channel of the organ chip.