Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-layer coating film having at least a clear coating film and a base coating film and having good chipping resistance, and preferably to provide a multi-layer coating film further having good designability. The multi-layer coating film of the present invention is a multi-layer coating film comprising a substrate, a base layer formed thereon, and a clear layer formed on the base layer, wherein the base layer comprises a luster pigment, wherein the base layer has an erosion index of 45 ?m2/g or less where the erosion index is a value obtained by multiplying an erosion rate of the base layer by a thickness of the base layer, and wherein the erosion rate of the base layer is measured using a micro slurry jet erosion method at a projection power at which an erosion rate with respect to a silicon wafer is 0.635 ?m/g.

Abstract: A traveling processor causes a combine to perform an autonomous travel following a target route including a turning route in a field. An acquisition processor acquires a distance from a turning center point of the turning route to an edge of the field. A setting processor sets a speed of the combine on a turning route where the distance from the turning center point to the edge of the field is not more than a predetermined distance to a predetermined speed smaller than a speed of the combine on a turning route where the distance from the turning center point to the edge of the field exceeds the predetermined distance.

Abstract: A component mounting system includes an execution procedure determination section for determining an execution procedure of multiple mounting jobs, and a job switching section for switching the mounting jobs. The job switching section holds, in the attachment target section, a feeder accommodating a component common to a component used in the subsequent mounting job among components used in the previous mounting job when the previous and subsequent successive mounting jobs in the execution procedure are switched, and mounts, on an empty attachment target section among the multiple attachment target sections, a feeder accommodating a component not common to a component used in the previous mounting job among components used in the subsequent mounting job.

Abstract: Provided is an automated guided vehicle that travels on a traveling path by loading at least one of a member required for a production work in which production equipment produces a product and a production tool detachable to the production equipment, and shares at least a portion of the traveling path with another automated guided vehicle, in which a traveling priority is variably set based on a work priority determined from a status of the production work, and when the traveling priority of the automated guided vehicle is higher than the traveling priority of the another automated guided vehicle, the automated guided vehicle is prioritized for traveling on the traveling path.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1): (the symbols in the general formula (1) are as described in the DESCRIPTION.

Abstract: The simulation device includes a simulation section and an output section. The simulation section is configured to simulate an operating status of a board work machine configured to perform predetermined board work on a board and produce a board product, and an operating status of an article moving device configured to supply an article needed for production of the board product to the board work machine based on a production plan of the board product. The output section is configured to output time series information indicating a temporal change of the operating status of the board work machine and a temporal change of the operating status of the article moving device, which are results of simulation by the simulation section.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1): (the symbols in the general formula (1) are as described in the DESCRIPTION.

Abstract: A component mounting system includes a component mounter group, a storage, and a loader. The storage is provided on an upstream side or a downstream side of the component mounter group and has a storage area in which multiple component supply devices are arranged and supported detachably. The loader automatically takes out and/or attach the component supply devices from and/or to the component mounters and the storage. When an occupancy state of the component supply device supported by the storage area reaches a predetermined high occupancy state, the control section of the component mounting system outputs at least one of a recovery urging warning for prompting recovery of the component supply devices supported by the storage area and a replenishment prohibition warning for prohibiting replenishment of the component supply device used in a next production or later onto the storage area.

Abstract: The simulation device includes a simulation section and a calculation section. A simulation section is configured to simulate an operating status of a board work machine configured to perform predetermined board work on a board and produce a board product, and an operating status of an article moving device configured to supply an article needed for production of the board product to the board work machine based on a production plan of the board product. A calculation section is configured to calculate a production stop time of the board work machine caused by a wait time from when production of the board product by the board work machine is stopped to when the article is supplied by the article moving device based on a result of simulation by the simulation section.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1): (the symbols in the general formula (1) are as described in the DESCRIPTION.

Abstract: Provided is an automated guided vehicle that travels on a traveling path by loading at least one of a member required for a production work in which production equipment produces a product and a production tool detachable to the production equipment, and shares at least a portion of the traveling path with another automated guided vehicle, in which a traveling priority is variably set based on a work priority determined from a status of the production work, and when the traveling priority of the automated guided vehicle is higher than the traveling priority of the another automated guided vehicle, the automated guided vehicle is prioritized for traveling on the traveling path.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery has a positive electrode, an electrolyte containing lithium ions, and a negative electrode current collector having a surface on which a lithium metal or a lithium alloy is deposited/dissolved. In the surface of the negative electrode current collector, a group comprising at least one region whose principal crystal plane is a close-packed plane of the crystal structure or an off plane having an off-angle of 20° or less with respect to the close-packed plane occupies the largest area among three or four groups each comprising at least one region having a principal crystal plane three of whose Miller indices are each represented by 0 or 1 or an off-plane having an off-angle of 20° or less with respect to the principal crystal plane, the principal crystal plane being different for each of the three or four groups.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery has a positive electrode, an electrolyte containing lithium ions, and a negative electrode current collector having a surface on which a lithium metal or a lithium alloy is deposited/dissolved. In the surface of the negative electrode current collector, a group comprising at least one region whose principal crystal plane is a close-packed plane of the crystal structure or an off plane having an off-angle of 20° or less with respect to the close-packed plane occupies the largest area among three or four groups each comprising at least one region having a principal crystal plane three of whose Miller indices are each represented by 0 or 1 or an off-plane having an off-angle of 20° or less with respect to the principal crystal plane, the principal crystal plane being different for each of the three or four groups.

Abstract: A biological information monitor includes: a displaying section on which a biological information display screen is displayed, the biological information display screen including a first display region on which a trend graph of first biological information is displayed and a second display region on which a histogram of second biological information is displayed; and a display controlling section which is configured to control contents displayed on the biological information display screen, and which is configured to cause the trend graph for a plurality of days and the histogram for the plurality of days to be simultaneously displayed in the first display region and the second display region, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a printing apparatus and a printing method which, even if print media of different sizes are printed, can print images in well-balanced, optimum layouts according to the size of each of the print media. Thus, the printing apparatus according to the present invention has leading end detector which detects a leading end of a print medium and trailing end detector which detects a trailing end of the print medium. The printing apparatus further has print control unit which prints images based on a first print data for which a print start position is determined on the basis of the leading end detected by the leading end detector and second print data for which a print start position is determined on the basis of the trailing end detected by the trailing end detector.

Abstract: A biological information monitor includes: a displaying section on which a biological information display screen is displayed, the biological information display screen including a first display region on which a trend graph of first biological information is displayed and a second display region on which a histogram of second biological information is displayed; and a display controlling section which is configured to control contents displayed on the biological information display screen, and which is configured to cause the trend graph for a plurality of days and the histogram for the plurality of days to be simultaneously displayed in the first display region and the second display region, respectively.

Abstract: A method for producing a carboxylic acid by a fermentation process which comprises culturing a methanol-assimilating bacterium capable of producing the carboxylic acid in a liquid medium containing methanol and a counter ion to produce and accumulate the carboxylic acid in the medium, further comprising the feeding of a substance comprising methanol and a counter ion to the medium by fed-batch culturing to maintain the total ionic strength within the fermentation medium at or below a certain level.

Abstract: A method for producing a carboxylic acid by a fermentation process which comprises culturing a methanol-assimilating bacterium capable of producing the carboxylic acid in a liquid medium containing methanol and a counter ion to produce and accumulate the carboxylic acid in the medium, further comprising the feeding of a substance comprising methanol and a counter ion to the medium by fed-batch culturing to maintain the total ionic strength within the fermentation medium at or below a certain level.

Abstract: A method for producing a carboxylic acid by a fermentation process which comprises culturing a methanol-assimilating bacterium capable of producing the carboxylic acid in a liquid medium containing methanol and a counter ion to produce and accumulate the carboxylic acid in the medium, further comprising the feeding of a substance comprising methanol and a counter ion to the medium by fed-batch culturing to maintain the total ionic strength within the fermentation medium at or below a certain level.

Abstract: A printing method and apparatus can continuously print on a plurality of labels at a correct position without reducing throughput. Upon printing an image on labels stuck on a roll-shaped continuous sheet with a predetermined interval while reciprocally scanning a printhead, the printing apparatus receives a raster image command from a host and bitmaps raster data to a data buffer having a capacity capable of storing data for a single scan-printing by the printhead, discriminates whether or not raster data to be printed on a plurality of continuous labels can be bitmapped to the data buffer, bitmaps null data for rasters corresponding to a predetermined interval between the labels to the data buffer in accordance with the discrimination result, further discriminates whether or not data for a single scan-printing by the printhead is bitmapped to the data buffer, and prints by scanning the printhead accordingly.