Abstract: A method for producing a gasoline alternative by mixing FT light naphtha obtained through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using renewable power with bioalcohol obtained from biomass, includes: determining a mixing ratio of the bioalcohol to the FT light naphtha based on an octane value of the FT light naphtha, a blending octane value of the bioalcohol, and a predetermined target octane value; determining a hydrogenation ratio for hydrogenation of olefin contained in the FT light naphtha to paraffin such that the gasoline alternative has an olefin content ratio of 10 vol % or less based on the determined mixing ratio of the bioalcohol and an olefin content ratio of the FT light naphtha; hydrogenating the FT light naphtha according to the determined hydrogenation ratio; and mixing the bioalcohol with the hydrogenated FT light naphtha according to the determined mixing ratio of the bioalcohol.

Abstract: A production method of spark-ignition engine fuel, configured to produce fuel for a spark-ignition engine, includes: mixing a light naphtha with a cyclopentane.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine fuel supply system includes a first fuel tank, a separator, and circuitry. The first fuel tank is to store fuel. The separator is connected to the first fuel tank to separate the fuel supplied from the first fuel tank into a high octane fuel and a low octane fuel which are to be supplied to an internal combustion engine. The high octane fuel has a first octane number. The low octane fuel has a second octane number lower than the first octane number. The circuitry is configured to determine whether fuel has been supplied to the first fuel tank, and to operate the separator to separate the fuel into the high octane fuel and the low octane fuel when it is determined that fuel has been supplied to the first fuel tank.

Abstract: A control device includes first and second level ratio calculators and an adjuster. The first level ratio calculator calculates a first level ratio of an amount of a first fuel stored in a first tank to a full tank capacity of the first tank. The second level ratio calculator calculates a second level ratio of an amount of a second fuel stored in a second tank to a full tank capacity of the second tank. An octane number of the second fuel is higher than an octane number of the first fuel. The adjuster adjusts a first fuel ratio of the first fuel in a supplied fuel which is supplied to an internal combustion engine and a second fuel ratio of the second fuel in the supplied fuel such that a deviation ratio of the first level ratio and the second level ratio is within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to control a ratio of an amount of low octane number fuel to be supplied to a cylinder to a total amount of the low octane number fuel and a high octane number fuel to be supplied to the cylinder in order to control an overall octane number of fuel to be supplied to the cylinder. The high octane number fuel has a second octane number higher than a first octane number of the low octane number fuel. The circuitry is configured to calculate a maximum octane number of the fuel to be supplied into the cylinder. The circuitry is configured to restrict a power generated by the internal combustion engine based on the maximum octane number.

Abstract: A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine includes detecting knocking in the internal-combustion engine. An EGR gas quantity of EGR gas is increased in a case where the knocking is detected. A part of exhaust gas is circulated into an intake passage as the EGR gas. A fuel octane number of fuel supplied to a cylinder is increased in the case. The fuel octane number is decreased after the fuel octane number has been increased. The EGR gas quantity is maintained so as to prevent the knocking after the EGR gas quantity has been increased.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to control a ratio of an amount of low octane number fuel to be supplied to a cylinder to a total amount of the low octane number fuel and a high octane number fuel to be supplied to the cylinder in order to control an overall octane number of fuel to be supplied to the cylinder. The high octane number fuel has a second octane number higher than a first octane number of the low octane number fuel. The circuitry is configured to calculate a maximum octane number of the fuel to be supplied into the cylinder. The circuitry is configured to restrict a power generated by the internal combustion engine based on the maximum octane number.

Abstract: A control device for an internal-combustion engine to utilize low octane fuel and high octane fuel having a high octane value higher than a low octane value of the low octane fuel, the control device includes an inclination state sensor and a computer processor. The inclination state sensor detects an inclination state of a high octane fuel tank to store the high octane fuel. The computer processor acquires a remaining quantity of the high octane fuel in the high octane fuel tank. The computer processor restricts a power generated by the internal-combustion engine in accordance with the inclination state and the remaining quantity.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine fuel supply system includes a first fuel tank, a separator, and circuitry. The first fuel tank is to store fuel. The separator is connected to the first fuel tank to separate the fuel supplied from the first fuel tank into a high octane fuel and a low octane fuel which are to be supplied to an internal combustion engine. The high octane fuel has a first octane number. The low octane fuel has a second octane number lower than the first octane number. The circuitry is configured to determine whether fuel has been supplied to the first fuel tank, and to operate the separator to separate the fuel into the high octane fuel and the low octane fuel when it is determined that fuel has been supplied to the first fuel tank.

Abstract: A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine includes detecting knocking in the internal-combustion engine. An EGR gas quantity of EGR gas is increased in a case where the knocking is detected. A part of exhaust gas is circulated into an intake passage as the EGR gas. A fuel octane number of fuel supplied to a cylinder is increased in the case. The fuel octane number is decreased after the fuel octane number has been increased. The EGR gas quantity is maintained so as to prevent the knocking after the EGR gas quantity has been increased.

Abstract: A control device includes first and second level ratio calculators and an adjuster. The first level ratio calculator calculates a first level ratio of an amount of a first fuel stored in a first tank to a full tank capacity of the first tank. The second level ratio calculator calculates a second level ratio of an amount of a second fuel stored in a second tank to a full tank capacity of the second tank. An octane number of the second fuel is higher than an octane number of the first fuel. The adjuster adjusts a first fuel ratio of the first fuel in a supplied fuel which is supplied to an internal combustion engine and a second fuel ratio of the second fuel in the supplied fuel such that a deviation ratio of the first level ratio and the second level ratio is within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A controller for internal combustion engine has an intake cam for low-load operation and an intake cam for high-load operation. The controller switches the intake cam used to open/close an intake valve and changes the phase angle of each intake cam according to load on the internal combustion engine. The controller changes the phase angle at start of opening of intake valve by the intake cam for low-load operation in lag angle direction within a predetermined range as load on the internal combustion engine increases, and changes the phase angle at start of opening of intake valve by the intake cam for high-load operation in lead angle direction within the predetermined range as load on the internal combustion engine increases. Switching between the two intake cams is performed where the phase angles of the intake cams are controlled to predetermined phase angles on a lag angle side.

Abstract: A controller for internal combustion engine has an intake cam for low-load operation and an intake cam for high-load operation. The controller switches the intake cam used to open/close an intake valve and changes the phase angle of each intake cam according to load on the internal combustion engine. The controller changes the phase angle at start of opening of intake valve by the intake cam for low-load operation in lag angle direction within a predetermined range as load on the internal combustion engine increases, and changes the phase angle at start of opening of intake valve by the intake cam for high-load operation in lead angle direction within the predetermined range as load on the internal combustion engine increases. Switching between the two intake cams is performed where the phase angles of the intake cams are controlled to predetermined phase angles on a lag angle side.

Abstract: An ethanol fuel reforming system for internal combustion engines performs a reaction of reforming ethanol into diethyl ether at a constant temperature with stability. The system has a reformer for containing a reforming catalyst, a first heat exchanger for heating a heating medium with the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, a second heat exchanger for heating an ethanol fuel with the heating medium, and heating medium circulating means for circulating the heating medium. The heating medium makes distribution of temperature in the reformer uniform. The heating medium heats the reformer and the ethanol fuel to an identical temperature. The reformer is an ethanol fuel channel filled with the catalyst, and the ethanol fuel channel is bent in the reformer.

Abstract: To provide a diesel light oil composition having an excellent ignitability while containing butanol. The diesel light oil composition comprises a diesel light oil base material, butanol having a volume percentage in a range of 9% to 20% and butyl nitrate or butyl nitrite having a volume percentage in a range of 0.8% to 4%. It is preferable that the butanol is 20 v/v %, and the butyl nitrate or butyl nitrite is 4 v/v %. The butyl nitrite or butyl nitrate is derived from butanol as a material.

Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine capable of reliably reducing flame noise at a time of high-load operation is provided. The engine includes an injector which injects a liquid hydrocarbon fuel to an intake port, and an injector which directly injects an alcohol fuel into a combustion chamber. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel is distributed to an outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber, and the alcohol fuel is distributed to a central portion. The engine includes two intake valves, and divides an intake stroke into a period in which one of the intake valves is stopped and a fuel-gas mixture is flown, and a period in which the both of the intake valves are operated and the flow is suppressed, guides the liquid hydrocarbon fuel into the combustion chamber during the flow period, and injects the alcohol fuel to the combustion chamber during the flow suppression period.

Abstract: Provided is an ethanol fuel reforming system for internal combustion engines with which system a reaction of reforming ethanol into diethyl ether can be conducted at a constant temperature, and the reaction can be maintained with stability. The system comprises reforming means 2 for containing a reforming catalyst; a first heat exchanger 7 for heating a heating medium with the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine 5; a second heat exchanger 8 for heating an ethanol fuel with the heating medium; and heating medium circulating means 9 for circulating the heating medium. The heating medium makes distribution of temperature in the reforming means 2 uniform. The heating medium heats the reforming means 2 and the ethanol fuel to an identical temperature. The reforming means comprises an ethanol fuel channel 12 filled with the catalyst, and the ethanol fuel channel 12 is bent in the reforming means 2.

Abstract: The invention provides an internal combustion engine system that uses a blended fuel consisting of hydrocarbon and alcohol, and can efficiently operate relative to a wide range of required load. The internal combustion engine system includes: an internal combustion engine 1; a first separating means 2 for separating the blended fuel into an alcohol/water mixture 21 and liquid hydrocarbon 22; a reforming means 13 for reforming the alcohol/water mixture to an ether/water mixture; a second separating means 14 for separating the ether/water mixture into the ether and the water; and control means 16 that controls the ratios of the liquid hydrocarbon 22, the alcohol/water mixture 21, and the ether. The internal combustion engine 1 is a homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine capable of reliably reducing flame noise at a time of high-load operation is provided. The engine includes an injector 12a which injects a liquid hydrocarbon fuel to an intake port 23, and an injector 12b which directly injects an alcohol fuel into a combustion chamber 21. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel is distributed to an outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber 21, and the alcohol fuel is distributed to a central portion. The engine includes intake valves 25a and 25b, and divides an intake stroke into a period in which the intake valve 25a is stopped and a fuel-gas mixture is flown, and a period in which the intake valves 25a and 25b are operated and the flow is suppressed, guides the liquid hydrocarbon fuel into the combustion chamber 21 during the flow period, and injects the alcohol fuel to the combustion chamber 21 during the flow suppression period.

Abstract: The invention provides an internal combustion engine system that uses a blended fuel consisting of hydrocarbon and alcohol, and can efficiently operate relative to a wide range of required load. The internal combustion engine system includes: an internal combustion engine 1; a first separating means 2 for separating the blended fuel into an alcohol/water mixture 21 and liquid hydrocarbon 22; a reforming means 13 for reforming the alcohol/water mixture to an ether/water mixture; a second separating means 14 for separating the ether/water mixture into the ether and the water; and control means 16 that controls the ratios of the liquid hydrocarbon 22, the alcohol/water mixture 21, and the ether. The internal combustion engine 1 is a homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine.