Abstract: A normally black liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically when no voltage is applied, and arranged horizontally by applying a voltage. In each of pixel regions in alignment films which are segmented in a grid by source lines and gate lines, is divided into two along a direction parallel to the source lines. The first alignment film includes a first region and a second region. The second alignment film includes a third region facing the first region and a fourth region facing the second region. In an adjacent pair of the pixel regions, pairs of the regions are adjacent to each other with corresponding one of the source lines interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A normally black liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically when no voltage is applied, and arranged horizontally by applying a voltage. In each of pixel regions in alignment films which are segmented in a grid by source lines and gate lines, is divided into two along a direction parallel to the source lines. The first alignment film includes a first region and a second region. The second alignment film includes a third region facing the first region and a fourth region facing the second region. In an adjacent pair of the pixel regions, pairs of the regions are adjacent to each other with corresponding one of the source lines interposed therebetween.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image output unit for forming an image on a recording medium based on output image signals. A storage unit stores target data for reading values obtained by optically reading a gradation pattern, having a plurality of gradation levels, output by the image output unit. A correction unit corrects an image signal conversion table used to convert input image signals into the output image signals to be supplied to the signal output unit, based on reading values obtained by optically reading the gradation pattern output by the image output unit and the target data stored in the storage unit. A changing unit changes the target data.

Abstract: A polyester being liquid at 25.degree. C. comprises a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol as its monomer constituents, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is composed at least partially of 1,2-butanediol.

Abstract: A polyester being liquid at 25.degree. C. comprises a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol as its monomer constituents, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is composed at least partially of 1,2-butanediol.

Abstract: A non-linear resistor comprises a sintered body of a ceramic composition which comprises 99.93 to 50 mole % of zinc oxide as ZnO; 0.01 to 10 mole % of a specific rare earth oxide as R.sub.2 O.sub.3 (R represents lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium or lutetium) 0.01 to 10 mole % of an alkaline earth oxide as MO (M represents calcium, strontium or barium) and 0.05 to 30 mole % of cobalt oxide as CoO.

Abstract: A non-linear resistor comprises a sintered body of a ceramic composition which comprises 99.94 to 80.0 mole % of zinc oxide as ZnO, 0.02 to 10.0 mole % of the specific rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides of cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium as R.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 0.04 to 10 mole % of manganese oxide as MnO.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil consisting essentially of (1) a mineral oil, as the base oil for the product oil, containing not more than 0.35 wt.% of sulphur and being prepared by refining a distillate containing at least 80 wt.% of a fraction boiling at 230.degree.-430.degree. C at atmospheric pressure, the distillate being obtained by the distillation of paraffin or mixed base crude oils, (2) at least one arylalkane and, if desired, (3) a hydrocarbon-derived pour point depressant.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil having excellent oxidation stability, thermal stability, corona resistance, corrosion resistance and, if desired, a particularly low pour point, which consists essentially of a blend of a refined oil (I) derived from a paraffin or mixed base crude oil, a refined oil (II) prepared from a lubricating oil fraction of a mineral oil, at least one arylalkane (III) such as an alkylbenzene, and, if desired, an essentially amorphous ethylene-propylene copolymer (IV).