Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: A laser beam oscillated from a laser source is folded in its path by first and second plane mirrors and enters a beam expander. The surface of each plane mirror is deteriorated with illumination by the laser beam and the reflectance is reduced. To avoid a light quantity of the laser beam entering the beam expander from being reduced below a reference value, when the laser beam is illuminated over a certain time, a position on each of the first and second plane mirrors at which the laser beam is illuminated is changed by a structure for rotating and/or translating a reflecting surface of each plane mirror on a plane, which includes the plane mirror, while an optical axis is kept same. Thus, the useful life of each plane mirror can be prolonged without displacing the optical axis.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: A laser beam oscillated from a laser source is folded in its path by first and second plane mirrors and enters a beam expander. The surface of each plane mirror is deteriorated with illumination by the laser beam and the reflectance is reduced. To avoid a light quantity of the laser beam entering the beam expander from being reduced below a reference value, when the laser beam is illuminated over a certain time, a position on each of the first and second plane mirrors at which the laser beam is illuminated is changed by a structure for rotating and/or translating a reflecting surface of each plane mirror on a plane, which includes the plane mirror, while an optical axis is kept same. Thus, the useful life of each plane mirror can be prolonged without displacing the optical axis.

Abstract: A laser beam oscillated from a laser source is folded in its path by first and second plane mirrors and enters a beam expander. The surface of each plane mirror is deteriorated with illumination by the laser beam and the reflectance is reduced. To avoid a light quantity of the laser beam entering the beam expander from being reduced below a reference value, when the laser beam is illuminated over a certain time, a position on each of the first and second plane mirrors at which the laser beam is illuminated is changed by a structure for rotating and/or translating a reflecting surface of each plane mirror on a plane, which includes the plane mirror, while an optical axis is kept same. Thus, the useful life of each plane mirror can be prolonged without displacing the optical axis.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: In order to enable high accuracy positioning and strong pressing of a substrate, the present invention provides a substrate holding apparatus including: a rotating bed having an inclined surface supporting a lower side of an outer circumferential side surface of the substrate, which bed rotates on a normal line of the substrate as the rotation axis together with the substrate; a position restriction unit rotating together with the rotating bed and restricting the substrate in a predetermined position on the rotating bed by pressing a plurality of points on the circumference on an upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate prior to the rotation; and a pressing unit rotating together with the rotating bed and pressing the substrate against the inclined surface by pressing a plurality of points on the upper side of the outer circumferential side surface of the substrate during the rotation.

Abstract: A laser beam oscillated from a laser source is folded in its path by first and second plane mirrors and enters a beam expander. The surface of each plane mirror is deteriorated with illumination by the laser beam and the reflectance is reduced. To avoid a light quantity of the laser beam entering the beam expander from being reduced below a reference value, when the laser beam is illuminated over a certain time, a position on each of the first and second plane mirrors at which the laser beam is illuminated is changed by a structure for rotating and/or translating a reflecting surface of each plane mirror on a plane, which includes the plane mirror, while an optical axis is kept same.

Abstract: This invention relates to a thermoplastic resin film permitting excellent paper feed and discharge and excellent transfer of offset printing ink and ink adhesion even under high humidity conditions in the summertime.

Abstract: A coating composition for a recording material and a process for producing the recording material are provided, wherein the coating composition includes an aluminum alkoxide, a binder and a hydrophilic solvent.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a thermoplastic resin film having thereon a coating layer containing (A) 100 parts by weight of an antistatic agent comprising a water-soluble quaternary nitrogen-containing polymer, (B) 10 to 600 parts by weight of a polyethyleneimine polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneimine, alkyl-modified polyethyleneimine, poly(ethyleneimine-urea), and an ethyleneimine adduct of polyaminepolyamide, and (C) 25 to 1000 parts by weight of a polyalkylene ether polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, and derivatives thereof, each having a molecular weight of 200 to 20,000. The laminate has excellent antistatic properties and offset printability.

Abstract: A synthetic paper with a multi-layer structure comprising a biaxially stretched film of an olefinic polymer having a melting point (the peak temperature of the DSC curve) of from 130.degree. C. to 210.degree. C. containing from 5 to 40% by weight inorganic fine powders having a mean particle size of from 0.01 to 10 .mu.m as a base material layer (A) having adhered to at least one surface thereof a uniaxially stretched layer (B) having a surface roughness of from 0.3 to 1.5 .mu.m, with the uniaxially stretched layer (B) comprising a propylene .alpha.-olefin copolymer or a high-density polyethylene having a melting point (the peak temperature of the DSC curve) of from 120.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. which is at least 5.degree. C. lower than the melting point of the olefinic polymer of the base material layer (A) and from 8 to 65% by weight inorganic fine powders having a mean particle size of from 0.01 to 5 .mu.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin film having a coated layer thereon, the coating layer comprising a quaternary ammonium salt copolymer comprising (a) a structural unit represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents --O-- or --NH--; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 --; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sup.7 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of from 1 to 3; and X represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, (b) a structural unit represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R.sup.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin film having improved printability is described, which is formed by coating a polyolefin film with an aqueous solution containing a modified polyethylene-imine represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## where A is ##STR2## or a polyamine-polyamide residue; R.sub.1 -R.sup.4 are each independently H, an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1-24 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a benzyl group, provided that at least one of R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 is a group other than H; m is 0-300; and n, p and q are each a number of 1-300, and drying the coated solution to form a surface coating.