Abstract: Capacitive data electrostatically recorded on a medium such as cards, papers, and labels is read by shifting the medium and the data reading device opposite to each other. The capacitive data is formed in multiple kinds of different widths and contains a plurality of electrode planes 23 formed being spaced apart from each other in one direction or in a direction opposite to the one direction, and non-electrode planes 24 or ground electrode planes 24a formed between electrode planes 23, and forms a capacitor between the electrode planes 23 and the electrode for reading data, and a string of data (01, 11, and 11) is read according to temporal changes (T2, T4 and T4) in an electrostatic induction voltage value in accordance with the width of the electrode planes 23 and the non-electrode planes 24 or the ground electrode planes 24a, when the electrode for reading data charged on the electrode planes 23 and the non-electrode planes 24 or the ground electrode planes 24a are scanned in one direction.

Abstract: A gas sensor controller 190 stops an operation of pumping in or out oxygen that is being performed by a first pump cell 111 in a state that the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) of a gas to be measured is equal to a status judgment reference value (20%). The gas sensor controller 190 calculates an oxygen pressure in a second measurement chamber 161 on the basis of a second pump current Ip2. If the oxygen pressure in the second measurement chamber 161 is equal to a deterioration judgment reference value, the gas sensor controller 190 judges that the second pump cell 113 is in a normal state. If the oxygen pressure in the second measurement chamber 161 is different from the deterioration judgment reference value, the gas sensor controller 190 judges that the second pump cell 113 is in a deteriorated state.

Abstract: In a sensor diagnosis process, a controller for controlling an NOx gas sensor performs processing of changing the oxygen partial pressure in a second measurement chamber by changing the oxygen partial pressure in a first measurement chamber (S190), processing of detecting a current flowing through a second pump cell before the change of the oxygen partial pressure (S180), and processing of detecting a current flowing through the second pump cell after the change of the oxygen partial pressure (S230). Furthermore, the controller performs processing of judging whether or not the ratio between the current values detected by the respective current detecting unit falls within an allowable range, judging that the second pump cell 113 is in a normal state if the ratio between the current values falls within the allowable range, and judging that the second pump cell 113 is in a deteriorated state if the ratio between the current values is out of the allowable range (S240 and S250).

Abstract: Capacitive data electrostatically recorded on a medium such as cards, papers, and labels is read by shifting the medium and the data reading device opposite to each other. The capacitive data is formed in multiple kinds of different widths and contains a plurality of electrode planes 23 formed being spaced apart from each other in one direction or in a direction opposite to the one direction, and non-electrode planes 24 or ground electrode planes 24a formed between electrode planes 23, and forms a capacitor between the electrode planes 23 and the electrode for reading data, and a string of data (01, 11, and 11) is read according to temporal changes (T2, T4 and T4) in an electrostatic induction voltage value in accordance with the width of the electrode planes 23 and the non-electrode planes 24 or the ground electrode planes 24a, when the electrode for reading data charged on the electrode planes 23 and the non-electrode planes 24 or the ground electrode planes 24a are scanned in one direction.

Abstract: A device for determining abnormality of a fuel supply system, which is capable of determining abnormality of the fuel supply system including a fuel pressure sensor more accurately. A device for determining abnormality of a fuel supply system that has a fuel pressure sensor for detecting pressure of fuel in an accumulator as detected fuel pressure calculates a predetermined normal-time fuel pressure indicative of pressure fuel in the accumulator which is to be detected when the system is normal, according to a fuel flow rate relationship parameter indicative of a relationship between an inflow fuel amount parameter indicative of an amount of fuel flowing into the accumulator and an outflow fuel amount parameter indicative of an amount of fuel flowing out of the accumulator, and determines abnormality of the fuel supply system based on a result of comparison between the detected fuel pressure and the calculated normal-time fuel pressure.

Abstract: A device for determining abnormality of a fuel supply system, which is capable of determining abnormality of the fuel supply system including a fuel pressure sensor more accurately. A device for determining abnormality of a fuel supply system that has a fuel pressure sensor for detecting pressure of fuel in an accumulator as detected fuel pressure calculates a predetermined normal-time fuel pressure indicative of pressure fuel in the accumulator which is to be detected when the system is normal, according to a fuel flow rate relationship parameter indicative of a relationship between an inflow fuel amount parameter indicative of an amount of fuel flowing into the accumulator and an outflow fuel amount parameter indicative of an amount of fuel flowing out of the accumulator, and determines abnormality of the fuel supply system based on a result of comparison between the detected fuel pressure and the calculated normal-time fuel pressure.

Abstract: A gas sensor controller 190 stops an operation of pumping in or out oxygen that is being performed by a first pump cell 111 in a state that the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) of a gas to be measured is equal to a status judgment reference value (20%). The gas sensor controller 190 calculates an oxygen pressure in a second measurement chamber 161 on the basis of a second pump current Ip2. If the oxygen pressure in the second measurement chamber 161 is equal to a deterioration judgment reference value, the gas sensor controller 190 judges that the second pump cell 113 is in a normal state. If the oxygen pressure in the second measurement chamber 161 is different from the deterioration judgment reference value, the gas sensor controller 190 judges that the second pump cell 113 is in a deteriorated state.

Abstract: In a sensor diagnosis process, a controller for controlling an NOx gas sensor performs processing of changing the oxygen partial pressure in a second measurement chamber by changing the oxygen partial pressure in a first measurement chamber (S190), processing of detecting a current flowing through a second pump cell before the change of the oxygen partial pressure (S180), and processing of detecting a current flowing through the second pump cell after the change of the oxygen partial pressure (S230). Furthermore, the controller performs processing of judging whether or not the ratio between the current values detected by the respective current detecting unit falls within an allowable range, judging that the second pump cell 113 is in a normal state if the ratio between the current values falls within the allowable range, and judging that the second pump cell 113 is in a deteriorated state if the ratio between the current values is out of the allowable range (S240 and S250).

Abstract: A capacitive data storing method is disclosed. A fuse circuit section is provided in advance by a printing technique. Fixed information including a card number and printed on the fuse circuit section different with each of goods such as a card, and consequently identification of goods is reliable. Further security is high since counterfeit and alteration of the fixed information is substantially impossible. By linking the fixed information printed on the fuse circuit section to the information stored in a magnetic storage section and an IC storage section or stored as a bar code, the security performance of various goods especially requiring counterfeit preventing means is improved. The various good include a banking card, a credit card, a pre-paid card, a telephone card, a game card, a gift card, a CD, a DVD, an authentication card for an on-line banking system, an identification card such as a license card, a key card, and a gift coupon usable off-line, or a book coupon card.

Abstract: In a card settlement system, a prepaid card is issued by using a debit card having a money withdrawal function at ATM installed in a settlement bank. When goods are purchased at a store by using the prepaid card, a price for the goods is transmitted from a store's bank in which the store has a store's account to the settlement bank as a settlement data. Money corresponding to the price for goods is remitted from the settlement bank to the store's account on the basis of the settlement data.

Abstract: A method for controlling the temperature of water to be fed into a water cooling tower in which when the driving power required to drive motors to be controlled is in excess of the power which can be derived from a frequency converter, some of the motors are driven by a constant-frequency power supply while the remaining motors are driven by the frequency converter. Therefore, the temperature of water to be fed into the water cooling tower can be continuously controlled without increasing the capacity of the frequency converter.