Abstract: A housing body (10) for deglutition of a shaped solid (5) for oral ingestion which is stored therein, comprising a generally tubular water-resistant envelope (1); an opening-side end part (A) at one end of the envelope, having an unsealable structure part (2), and capable of forming an opening part (22) by removing the unsealable structure part; a shielding-side end part (B) at the other end of the envelope, having a means for preventing the shaped solid for oral ingestion from release, the means allowing liquid to pass therethrough but not allowing the shaped solid for oral ingestion to pass therethrough; and a storage chamber (6) storing the shaped solid for oral ingestion between the opening-side end part and the shielding-side end part is disclosed.

Abstract: An esculetin compound, an intermediate thereof, a process for manufacturing an esculetin compound, and an antifungal composition for agriculture and horticulture and an herbicide comprising an esculetin compound or an intermediate thereof are provided. The process for manufacturing an esculetin compound is a low-cost, high-yield, and industrially practicable process, and comprises the following step.

Abstract: A chondroprotective agent comprising a flavonoid compound of the general formula (I): wherein R1 to R9 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, or methoxyl group and X is a single bond or a double bond, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a naturally occurring glycoside thereof is disclosed. The above compound strongly inhibits proteoglycan depletion from the chondrocyte matrix and exhibits a function to protect cartilage, and thus, is extremely effective for the treatment of arthropathy.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aromatase-inhibiting effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## including their stereoisomers and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1 is halogen or phenyl; m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; k and n each are independently 0, 1 or 2; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each are independently H or OH; R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each are independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 each are H or R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 form --C(R.sup.4) (R.sup.5)--C(R.sup.11) (R.sup.12)-- bond wherein R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each are independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; Y is N or CH; and R.sup.10 is H or halogen, or R.sup.10 combines with R.sup.2 to form --O-- bond, with proviso that if R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 form --C(R.sup.4) (R.sup.5)--C(R.sup.11) (R.sup.2)-- bond, R.sup.3, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each are H, and k and n each are 1, then R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, a monosaccharide residue, a protected monosaccharide residue, or a protecting group for hydroxyl group, but at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a monosaccharide residue or a protected monosaccharide residue, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, with the proviso that (1) when R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are glucose residues at the same time, R.sup.3 is not a hydrogen atom, (2) when R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group or a benzyl group and R.sup.2 is a glucose residue, an acetylated glucose residue, or acetalized glucose residue, R.sup.3 is not a hydrogen atom, or (3) when R.sup.1 is a glucose residue and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, R.sup.3 is not a hydrogen atom or a salt thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, independently, --CON(R.sup.4)R.sup.5, or a monosaccharide, or acylated monosaccharide group, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is --CON(R.sup.4)R.sup.5, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the nitrogen atom attached thereto form a 3- to 7-membered saturated cycloaliphatic amino group, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or --COOR.sup.8 group, and R.sup.3 is at 3- or 4-position, and R.sup.8 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or a salt thereof is disclosed. The compound has a function to inhibit a matrix metalloproteinase.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aromatase-inhibiting effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## including their stereoisomers and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1 is halogen or phenyl; m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; k and n each are independently 0, 1 or 2; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each are independently H or OH; R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each are independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 each are H or R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 form --C(R.sup.4) (R.sup.5)--C(R.sup.11) (R12)-- bond wherein R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each are independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; Y is N or CH; and R.sup.10 is H or halogen, or R.sup.10 combines with R.sup.2 to form --O-- bond, with proviso that if R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 form --C (R.sup.4) (R.sup.5)--C(R.sup.11) (R.sup.12)-- bond R.sup.3, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each are H, and k and n each are 1, then R.sup.2 and R.sup.10 form --O-- bond, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.

Abstract: A chromone derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.11 is a pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, triazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indazolyl, or indolyl group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 is independently a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a hydroxy or alkoxy group, or an alkoxy group substituted with one or more alkoxy groups, and X is an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a salt thereof is disclosed. The chromone derivative inhibits the activity of matrix metalloproteinase.

Abstract: A chondroprotective agent comprising a flavonoid compound of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, or methoxyl group and X is a single bond or a double bond, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a naturally occurring glycoside thereof is disclosed. The above compound strongly inhibits proteoglycan depletion from the chondrocyte matrix and exhibits a function to protect cartilage, and thus, is extremely effective for the treatment of arthropathy.

Abstract: Conjugates of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting an estradiol derivative with a compound of the formula: ##STR2## in the presence of thionyl chloride or a metal hydride at -30.degree. to 150.degree. C. for 3 minutes to 48 hours and then recovering and purifying the product.

Abstract: For determining 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives which are intermediate metabolites of the Maillard reaction in body fluids such as blood, urine, serum, plasma and the like in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, .sup.13 C-labelled compounds or .sup.14 C-labelled compounds are useful as an internal standard substance. More specifically, 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein *C is .sup.13 C or .sup.14 C, X is O or N--OR wherein R is Me, Et or H, and Y is SiMe.sub.3 or SiMe.sub.2 tBu, and their production are provided. The measurement of 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives is useful in diagnosing diseases such as diabetes and diseases complicated with diabetes, including diabetic nephrosis, various renal disorders, renal insufficiency, metabolic diseases of carbohydrate and the like.

Abstract: For determining 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives which are intermediate metabolites of the Maillard reaction in body fluids such as blood, urine, serum, plasma and the like in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, .sup.13 C-labelled compounds or .sup.14 C-labelled compounds are useful as an internal standard substance. More specifically, 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein *C is .sup.13 C or .sup.14 C, X is O or N--OR wherein R is Me, Et or H, and Y is SiMe.sub.3 or SiMe.sub.2 tBu, and their production are provided. The measurement of 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives is useful in diagnosing diseases such as diabetes and diseases complicated with diabetes, including diabetic nephrosis, various renal disorders, renal insufficiency, metabolic diseases of carbohydrate and the like.

Abstract: A chondroprotective agent comprising a carboxylic acid compound of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, independently, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cis- or trans-isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is disclosed. The above compound strongly inhibits proteoglycan depletion from the chondrocyte matrix and exhibits a function to protect cartilage, and thus, is extremely effective for the treatment of arthropathy.

Abstract: For determining 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives which are intermediate metabolites of the Maillard reaction in body fluids such as blood, urine, serum, plasma and the like in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, .sup.13 C-labelled compounds or .sup.14 C-labelled compounds are useful as an internal standard substance. More specifically, 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein *C is .sup.13 C or .sup.14 C, X is O or N--OR wherein R is Me, Et or H, and Y is SiMe.sub.3 or SiMe.sub.2 tBu, and their production are provided. The measurement of 3-deoxyglucosone derivatives is useful in diagnosing diseases such as diabetes and diseases complicated with diabetes, including diabetic nephrosis, various renal disorders, renal insufficiency, metabolic diseases of carbohydrate and the like.

Abstract: A novel imidazole derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 is a chlorine or fluorine atom, or a hydroxy group or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as the active ingredient.

Abstract: Estradiol derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-4 alky or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy; R.sup.2 is acyl or benzyl; m is an integer of 1 to 3; n is an integer of 1 to 3; and X is hydroxy or halogen are useful as tumor growth inhibiting agents.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting aromatase, comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective aromatase inhibiting amount of a compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 is a chlorine or fluorine atom, or a hydroxy group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A novel azole derivative of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, independently from each other, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x.sub.1 and x.sub.2 are, independently from each other, a hydrogen or halogen atom, or hydroxyl, cyano, or trifluoromethyl group, and Y is CH or a nitrogen atom, a process for the production thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as the active ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of inhibiting the growth of tumors by administering an estradiol derivative-alkylating agent conjugate of the formula (I'): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy; R.sup.2 is acyl or benzyl; m is an integer of 1 to 3; and n is an integer of 0 to 3. Also disclosed is a method of inhibiting the growth of tumors by administering a compound of the formula (II); ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy; R.sup.2 is acyl or benzyl; m is an integer of 1 to 3; n is an integer of 0 to 3; and X is hydroxy or halogen.

Abstract: A novel azole derivative of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, independently from each other, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are, independently from each other, a hydrogen or halogen atom, or hydroxyl, cyano, or trifluoromethyl group, and Y is CH or a nitrogen atom, a process for the production thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as the active ingredient.