Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal-combustion engine includes a diagnosis device. The diagnosis device includes a determination section and an exhaust flow rate calculator configured to calculate an exhaust flow rate that reflects a volume flow amount of exhaust gas. A filter is configured to filter a signal representing an air-fuel ratio so that a 0.5th-order frequency component of engine speed is extracted from the signal. An integrator is configured to accumulate a filtered signal for a predetermined period of time to compute an integration value. A corrector is configured to correct the integration value to compute a corrected integration value each time the integration value is computed by the integrator. The determination section is configured to determine that cylinder-to-cylinder air-fuel ratio imbalance occurs in cylinders if the corrected integration value is greater than a predetermined threshold value after the predetermined period of time has elapsed.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of a sensorless brushless motor includes an inverter circuit supplying a power supply voltage, of which duty ratios is variably controlled by a pulse-width modulation method, a PWM generator circuit generating a pulse-width modulation signal, a position detection circuit operating at a predetermined phase of the pulse-width modulation signal and detecting a rotational position of the rotor, and an inverter control circuit transmitting an energization control signal determined based on the pulse-width modulation signal to the inverter circuit. The PWM generator circuit provides a stepwise increase and decrease of a pulse-width modulation frequency in a normal PWM frequency, a low-speed PWM frequency, and a high-speed PWM frequency in response to an increase and decrease of one of following parameters; the commanded duty ratio, the commanded number of rotations of the motor, a detected duty ratio, and a detected number of rotations of the motor.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of a sensorless brushless motor includes an inverter circuit supplying a power supply voltage to three phase terminals of three phase armature windings of the sensorless brushless motor provided with a stator and with a rotor including a pair of magnetic poles, a PWM generator circuit generating a pulse-width modulation signal, a position detection circuit operating at a particular phase of the pulse-width modulation signal, detecting an induced voltage induced at the terminal that is in a non-energization time zone and detecting a rotational position of the rotor, an inverter control circuit determining an energization time zone and transmitting an energization control signal to the inverter circuit, and a PWM delay circuit generating a pulse-width modulation signal for position detection by delaying the pulse-width modulation signal, wherein the position detection circuit operates at a particular phase of the pulse-width modulation signal for position detection.

Abstract: Provided is a DPF failure detection device not only capable of a quick detection but also having less erroneous and a small power consumption. The DPF failure detection device, after starting applying a dust collecting voltage to a dust collecting electrode, applies a measuring voltage to a measuring electrode while the dust collection voltage is being applied, thereby measuring the capacitance of a sensor device. The DPF failure detection device also stops applying the dust collecting voltage to the dust collecting electrode in response to the fact that the measured value (CCOL) of this capacitance exceeds a completion criterion (CCOL—TH). Further, the DPF failure detection device applies the measuring voltage to the measuring electrode, thereby measuring the capacitance of the sensor device and obtaining a measured value (CPM), on the basis of which a DPF failure is determined.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal-combustion engine includes a diagnosis device. The diagnosis device includes a determination section and an exhaust flow rate calculator configured to calculate an exhaust flow rate that reflects a volume flow amount of exhaust gas. A filter is configured to filter a signal representing an air-fuel ratio so that a 0.5th-order frequency component of engine speed is extracted from the signal. An integrator is configured to accumulate a filtered signal for a predetermined period of time to compute an integration value. A corrector is configured to correct the integration value to compute a corrected integration value each time the integration value is computed by the integrator. The determination section is configured to determine that cylinder-to-cylinder air-fuel ratio imbalance occurs in cylinders if the corrected integration value is greater than a predetermined threshold value after the predetermined period of time has elapsed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method including the steps of a) confirming the status of a path corresponding to each node apparatus in the ring network by using a predetermined control information that includes a function of adding/deleting a predetermined path on a physical layer, b) instructing each node apparatus to add/delete the predetermined path by using the predetermined control information when the status of the path corresponding to each node apparatus is confirmed to be normal, c) reporting completion of the addition/deletion of the predetermined path to each node apparatus by using the predetermined control information when the addition/deletion of the predetermined path is adequately performed by each node apparatus, and d) reporting the addition/deletion of the predetermined path to a ring application function included in the ring application of the data link layer when the completion of the addition/deletion of the predetermined path is adequately reported by each node apparatus.

Abstract: A transmission device is connected to a layer 2 switch through a transmission path at one side, and to a relay transmission path at the other side. The transmission path includes a transmission path of a active system and a transmission path of a stand-by system. When failure occurs in the transmission path of the active system, the transmission device forcibly shuts down the transmission path of the active system upon detection of link down, to stop packet transmission, and causes the layer 2 switch to perform MAC address flush. The transmission device then switches the transmission path of the stand-by system to the active system, and transmits packets through the transmission path that has become the active system as a result of switching. The layer 2 switch performs MAC address learning to set a port, thereby maintaining communication even after occurrence of the failure.

Abstract: An ADM device which is capable of performing LCAS functions, configures a first communication network, and is connected to another ADM device which is connected to a second communication network, comprising an SDH interface for connecting to the other ADM device by SDH connection, an H4 byte monitoring means for monitoring the H4 byte of POH in the SDH interface, an LCAS control information acquisition means for acquiring LCAS control information from the H4 byte monitored by the H4 byte monitoring means, and an LCAS control information transmission means for transmitting LCAS control information acquired by the LCAS control information acquisition means to the other ADM devices, thereby providing an ADM device and signal transmission method which comprises a function for efficiently handling sharp variations in traffic, promotes work efficiency of transmission capacity increase/decrease speed within ADM systems, and actualizes the facilitation of management.

Abstract: A network device provided with an Ethernet interface for interconnecting with another network device by auto negotiation, the network device comprising a link establishing function unit compulsorily establishing a link with the other network device and an on/off setting function unit setting the function of the link establishing function unit on or off and the link establishing function unit being comprised of a data transmission suppressing unit for suppressing the transmission of user data to the other network device until the sequence based on the auto negotiation is finished, whereby the problem of connectivity where the sequence of the auto negotiation repeats and no link can be established is solved.

Abstract: In an L2 switch having a VLAN function for configuring a layer 2 network in a star topology, a mesh topology, a ring topology, or the like, a VLAN functional portion maps a frame to a predetermined VLAN, a frame classifying portion assigns to the frame a first tag indicating a priority, and a policing portion assigns to the frame a second tag indicating whether or not the frame can be discarded. Also, an OAM monitor inserts a monitoring frame to the VLAN.

Abstract: An RPR transmission route designation method and apparatus in a system including a control device connected to an RPR having communications routes in both the counterclockwise and clockwise directions and connecting a plurality of RPR stations, wherein each RPR station sets a cleave point for discarding flooded RPR frames in the case of a bidirectional communication system on a route not desired for use for communication on the RPR, floods both the counterclockwise and clockwise directions of the RPR with RPR frames to learn the MAC address at each RPR station, and transmits the received RPR frames by a communication route which the flood of RPR frames reach based on the learned results of the MAC addresses, whereby it is possible to designate RPR transmission routes supported by layer 2/3 switches, transmission devices, and the like in line with the carrier operations.

Abstract: A transmission device is connected to a layer 2 switch through a transmission path at one side, and to a relay transmission path at the other side. The transmission path includes a transmission path of a active system and a transmission path of a stand-by system. When failure occurs in the transmission path of the active system, the transmission device forcibly shuts down the transmission path of the active system upon detection of link down, to stop packet transmission, and causes the layer 2 switch to perform MAC address flush. The transmission device then switches the transmission path of the stand-by system to the active system, and transmits packets through the transmission path that has become the active system as a result of switching. The layer 2 switch performs MAC address learning to set a port, thereby maintaining communication even after occurrence of the failure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method including the steps of a) confirming the status of a path corresponding to each node apparatus in the ring network by using a predetermined control information that includes a function of adding/deleting a predetermined path on a physical layer, b) instructing each node apparatus to add/delete the predetermined path by using the predetermined control information when the status of the path corresponding to each node apparatus is confirmed to be normal, c) reporting completion of the addition/deletion of the predetermined path to each node apparatus by using the predetermined control information when the addition/deletion of the predetermined path is adequately performed by each node apparatus, and d) reporting the addition/deletion of the predetermined path to a ring application function included in the ring application of the data link layer when the completion of the addition/deletion of the predetermined path is adequately reported by each node apparatus.

Abstract: An ADM device which is capable of performing LCAS functions, configures a first communication network, and is connected to another ADM device which is connected to a second communication network, comprising an SDH interface for connecting to the other ADM device by SDH connection, an H4 byte monitoring means for monitoring the H4 byte of POH in the SDH interface, an LCAS control information acquisition means for acquiring LCAS control information from the H4 byte monitored by the H4 byte monitoring means, and an LCAS control information transmission means for transmitting LCAS control information acquired by the LCAS control information acquisition means to the other ADM devices, thereby providing an ADM device and signal transmission method which comprises a function for efficiently handling sharp variations in traffic, promotes work efficiency of transmission capacity increase/decrease speed within ADM systems, and actualizes the facilitation of management.

Abstract: A network device provided with an Ethernet interface for interconnecting with another network device by auto negotiation, the network device comprising a link establishing function unit compulsorily establishing a link with the other network device and an on/off setting function unit setting the function of the link establishing function unit on or off and the link establishing function unit being comprised of a data transmission suppressing unit for suppressing the transmission of user data to the other network device until the sequence based on the auto negotiation is finished, whereby the problem of connectivity where the sequence of the auto negotiation repeats and no link can be established is solved.

Abstract: In an L2 switch having a VLAN function for configuring a layer 2 network in a star topology, a mesh topology, a ring topology, or the like, a VLAN functional portion maps a frame to a predetermined VLAN, a frame classifying portion assigns to the frame a first tag indicating a priority, and a policing portion assigns to the frame a second tag indicating whether or not the frame can be discarded. Also, an OAM monitor inserts a monitoring frame to the VLAN.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a network supervisory control system so arranged that load distribution control of a plurality of transmission devices constituting a network is performed by disposing a gateway server between the transmission devices and a supervisory control device for remotely performing the supervisory control of the transmission devices.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine includes an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged in the exhaust system of the engine. An ECU determines activation of the air-fuel ratio sensor and carries out feedback control of the air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the engine in response to the output from the air-fuel ratio sensor. An intermediate state of the air-fuel ratio sensor corresponding to a transient state of the air-fuel ratio sensor from an inactive state thereof to an active state thereof is determined. The output from the air-fuel ratio sensor for use in execution of the feedback control is corrected when the air-fuel ratio sensor is in the intermediate state.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration-detecting device detects the concentration of oxygen present in exhaust gases emitted from an internal combustion engine. The device includes an oxygen sensor of a limit current type. A heater heats the oxygen sensor. A first voltage is applied to the oxygen sensor and the concentration of oxygen is detected based on a first output current from the oxygen sensor obtained when the first voltage is applied to the oxygen sensor. A second voltage is applied to the oxygen sensor at a first repetition period and the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor is detected based on a second output current from the oxygen sensor obtained when the second voltage is applied to the oxygen sensor. The oxygen sensor is heated by the heater based on the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor detected.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine has an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged in an exhaust passage of the engine for detecting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gases emitted from a plurality of cylinders. An output from the air-fuel ratio sensor is sampled whenever the engine rotates through a predetermined crank angle, and sampled values of the output from the air-fuel ratio sensor are sequentially stored. An output characteristic of the air-fuel ratio sensor is detected. One of the sampled values of the output from the air-fuel ratio sensor is selected at least depending on the output characteristic of the air-fuel ratio sensor. An air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to each of the cylinders is estimated, separately from other ones of the cylinders, based on selected ones of the sampled values of the output from the air-fuel ratio sensor and a model representative of a behavior of the exhaust passage.