Abstract: The present invention provides a polishing composition with which it is possible to decrease a level difference to be unintentionally generated between dissimilar materials and a level difference to be unintentionally generated between coarse and dense portions of a pattern. The present invention relates to a polishing composition which contains abrasive grains having an average primary particle size of 5 to 50 nm, a level difference modifier containing a compound with a specific structure, having an aromatic ring and a sulfo group or a salt group thereof which is directly bonded to this aromatic ring, and a dispersing medium and of which the pH is less than 7.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means by which it is possible to sufficiently suppress an organic residue while favorably decreasing a ceria residue on a polished object to be polished obtained after being polished using a polishing composition containing ceria. The present invention relates to a composition for surface treatment, which is for a surface treatment of a polished object to be polished obtained after being polished using a polishing composition containing ceria, contains a carboxy group-containing (co)polymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer having a carboxy group or a salt group of the carboxy group, a SOx or NOy partial structure-containing compound having a partial structure represented by SOx or NOy (where x and y each independently denote a real number 1 to 5), and a dispersing medium, and has a pH of 1 or more and 8 or less.

Abstract: Hollow resin particles for thermosensitive recording media containing a thermoplastic resin shell and a hollow part surrounded by the shell. The hollow resin particles contain a thermally-vaporizable hydrocarbon in an encapsulation ratio of at least 0.2 wt %. The hollow resin particles preferably have a mean volume particle size ranging from 0.1 to 10 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polishing composition with which it is possible to decrease a level difference to be unintentionally generated between dissimilar materials and a level difference to be unintentionally generated between coarse and dense portions of a pattern. The present invention relates to a polishing composition which contains abrasive grains having an average primary particle size of 5 to 50 nm, a level difference modifier containing a compound with a specific structure, having an aromatic ring and a sulfo group or a salt group thereof which is directly bonded to this aromatic ring, and a dispersing medium and of which the pH is less than 7.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means by which it is possible to sufficiently suppress an organic residue while favorably decreasing a ceria residue on a polished object to be polished obtained after being polished using a polishing composition containing ceria. The present invention relates to a composition for surface treatment, which is for a surface treatment of a polished object to be polished obtained after being polished using a polishing composition containing ceria, contains a carboxy group-containing (co)polymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer having a carboxy group or a salt group of the carboxy group, a SOx or NOy partial structure-containing compound having a partial structure represented by SOx or NOy (where x and y each independently denote a real number 1 to 5), and a dispersing medium, and has a pH of 1 or more and 8 or less.

Abstract: A surface treatment composition according to the present invention is used for treating a surface of a polished object to be polished which is obtained after polishing with a polishing composition including ceria, using the surface treatment composition including a (co)polymer having a monomer-derived structural unit having a carboxyl group or a salt group thereof, a residue removing accelerator composed of a specific compound having a hydroxyl group, and a dispersing medium, wherein pH is less than 7.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing composition which can sufficiently improve a polishing speed of an object to be polished having a silicon-oxygen bond such as a silicon oxide film or a polishing speed of an object to be polished having a silicon-nitrogen bond such as a silicon nitride film. Providing a polishing composition including: (1) an organic compound which has an action site interacting with an object to be polished having a silicon-oxygen bond or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an acceleration site accelerating an access of a component polishing an object to be polished to the object to be polished; (2) abrasive grains; and (3) a dispersing medium.

Abstract: A process for producing heat-expandable microspheres which enables constant and high-yield production of heat-expandable microspheres having a mean particle size ranging from 0.01 to 10 ?m without deteriorating their expansion performance, and the application thereof. The process produces heat-expandable microspheres containing a thermoplastic resin shell and the blowing agent encapsulated therein. The process includes a step of dispersing a polymerizable component and the blowing agent in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a polyester amide having an acid value (mgKOH/g) ranging from 95 to 140 and a step of polymerizing the polymerizable component.

Abstract: To provide a technology by which, on the occasion of polishing an object to be polished including: (a) material having silicon-nitrogen bonds; and (b) other material, the ratio of the polishing speed for the material (a) with respect to the polishing speed for the material (b) can be increased. The polishing composition of the present invention is a polishing composition used for polishing an object to be polished including: (a) material having silicon-nitrogen bonds; and (b) other material, the polishing composition including: an organic acid-immobilized silica; and a particular selection ratio improver for increasing the ratio of the polishing speed for the material (a) with respect to the polishing speed for the material (b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface treatment composition including: at least one water-soluble polymer selected from the following Group A; at least one anionic surfactant selected from the following Group B; and water. Group A: water-soluble polysaccharides, polyvinyl alcohols and derivatives thereof, and polyvinylpyrrolidones and derivatives thereof (with the proviso that compounds included in the following Group B are excluded) Group B: compounds having a sulfonic acid (salt) group, compounds having a sulfuric acid ester (salt) group, compounds having a phosphonic acid (salt) group, compounds having a phosphoric acid (salt) group, and compounds having a phosphinic acid (salt) group. According to the present invention, a surface treatment composition capable of efficiently removing foreign bodies, such as particles and organic residues, remaining on the surface of an object to be polished after polishing is provided.

Abstract: To provide a technology by which, on the occasion of polishing an object to be polished including: (a) material having silicon-nitrogen bonds; and (b) other material, the ratio of the polishing speed for the material (a) with respect to the polishing speed for the material (b) can be increased. The polishing composition of the present invention is a polishing composition used for polishing an object to be polished including: (a) material having silicon-nitrogen bonds; and (b) other material, the polishing composition including: an organic acid-immobilized silica; and a particular selection ratio improver for increasing the ratio of the polishing speed for the material (a) with respect to the polishing speed for the material (b).

Abstract: A surface treatment composition according to the present invention is used for treating a surface of a polished object to be polished which is obtained after polishing with a polishing composition including ceria, using the surface treatment composition including a (co)polymer having a monomer-derived structural unit having a carboxyl group or a salt group thereof, a residue removing accelerator composed of a specific compound having a hydroxyl group, and a dispersing medium, wherein pH is less than 7.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a means to sufficiently remove impurities remaining on the surface of a polishing object after CMP. The polishing composition of the present invention is a polishing composition which is used after polishing has been performed by using a polishing composition (A) including abrasive grains or an organic compound (A), and is characterized by including an organic compound (B) which includes at least one atom selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a chlorine atom and has a molecular weight of 100 or more, a pH adjusting agent, and 0 to 1% by mass of abrasive grains.

Abstract: Heat-expandable microspheres having an almost spherical shape and high expansion performance and exhibiting good workability when mixed with a resin, a process for producing the heat-expandable microspheres, and applications thereof. The heat-expandable microspheres include a thermoplastic resin shell and a blowing agent encapsulated therein and vaporizable by heating. The thermoplastic resin is produced by polymerizing a polymerizable component containing a methacrylate monomer and a carboxyl-containing monomer, and optionally containing a nitrile monomer in an amount ranging from 0 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer. The blowing agent contains a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule.

Abstract: A process for producing heat-expandable microspheres which enables constant and high-yield production of heat-expandable microspheres having a mean particle size ranging from 0.01 to 10 ?m without deteriorating their expansion performance, and the application thereof. The process produces heat-expandable microspheres containing a thermoplastic resin shell and the blowing agent encapsulated therein. The process includes a step of dispersing a polymerizable component and the blowing agent in an aqueous dispersion medium containing a polyester amide having an acid value (mgKOH/g) ranging from 95 to 140 and a step of polymerizing the polymerizable component.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing composition which can sufficiently improve a polishing speed of an object to be polished having a silicon-oxygen bond such as a silicon oxide film or a polishing speed of an object to be polished having a silicon-nitrogen bond such as a silicon nitride film. Providing a polishing composition including: (1) an organic compound which has an action site interacting with an object to be polished having a silicon-oxygen bond or a silicon-nitrogen bond and an acceleration site accelerating an access of a component polishing an object to be polished to the object to be polished; (2) abrasive grains; and (3) a dispersing medium.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing composition which exhibits favorable storage stability and polishes a polishing object poor in chemical reactivity at a high speed. The invention is a polishing composition which contains silica having an organic acid immobilized on a surface thereof, a dihydric alcohol having a molecular weight of less than 20,000 and a pH adjusting agent, the polishing composition having a pH of 6 or less.

Abstract: There is provided a polishing composition capable of polishing a polishing object including elemental silicon, a silicon compound, metals and the like, especially including tungsten, at a high polishing rate. The polishing composition includes: colloidal silica with organic acid immobilized to a surface thereof; hydrogen peroxide; and salt, the salt being at least one of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a means to sufficiently remove impurities remaining on the surface of a polishing object after CMP. The polishing composition of the present invention is a polishing composition which is used after polishing has been performed by using a polishing composition (A) including abrasive grains or an organic compound (A), and is characterized by including an organic compound (B) which includes at least one atom selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a chlorine atom and has a molecular weight of 100 or more, a pH adjusting agent, and 0 to 1% by mass of abrasive grains.

Abstract: Heat-expandable microspheres having an almost spherical shape and high expansion performance and exhibiting good workability when mixed with a resin, a process for producing the heat-expandable microspheres, and applications thereof. The heat-expandable microspheres include a thermoplastic resin shell and a blowing agent encapsulated therein and vaporizable by heating. The thermoplastic resin is produced by polymerizing a polymerizable component containing a methacrylate monomer and a carboxyl-containing monomer, and optionally containing a nitrile monomer in an amount ranging from 0 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer. The blowing agent contains a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule.