Abstract: A bit generation apparatus includes a glitch generation circuit that generates glitch signals which include a plurality of pulses, and T-FF bit generation circuits which input the glitch signals, and based on either rising edges or falling edges of the plurality of pulses included in the glitch signals, generate a bit value of either 0 or 1. Each of the T-FF bit generation circuits generates a respective bit value based on either the parity of the number of rising edges or the parity of the number of falling edges of the plurality of pulses. As a result of employment of the T-FF bit generation circuits, circuits that are conventionally required but not essential for the glitch become unnecessary. This serves to prevent expansion in circuit scale and increase in processing time of bit generation for the bit generation circuit.

Abstract: A first temperature sensor is formed in a first measurement area so that a measurement surface thereof is exposed to an inner surface of a liquid tank (a storage body). The first temperature sensor can detect a temperature of liquid injected into the liquid tank. Further, a first input part is formed in the first measurement area so that an output surface thereof is exposed to the inner surface of the liquid tank.

Abstract: A magnetic body analyzing device includes a change amount calculation unit that calculates a change amount by which magnetization vectors arranged on an analysis target change for a predetermined period of time every time the predetermined period of time passes, a change amount cumulating unit that cumulates respective change amounts of the magnetization vectors calculated for each predetermined period of time every time the predetermined period of time passes, a change amount determination unit that determines whether a cumulated value of the cumulated change amounts of the magnetization vectors exceeds a predetermined change width, and a storing unit that records, in a storage unit, the magnetization vectors at a time point at which the cumulated value exceeds the change width when it is determined that the cumulated value exceeds the change width.

Abstract: A first temperature sensor is formed in a first measurement area. A first input part is formed in the first measurement area so that an output surface thereof is exposed to the inner surface of the liquid tank. A first light receiving part receives a reference light through the liquid from the first input part. A second input part causes a second incident light to be incident on a living body. A second light receiving part receives a measurement light from the second input part. Based on the light intensity of the reference light and the measurement light, an absorbance calculation device can detect the absorbance of the liquid and living body tissue. A concentration calculation device compares the absorbance of the liquid with the absorbance of the living body tissue and calculates a concentration of a measured component contained in the living body tissue.

Abstract: A concentration measurement method by an absorptiometric method which measures a concentration of a first solute component dissolved in a solution, in which the first solute component interacts with a solvent, includes: referring to an absorption coefficient (?aw(?)) of the solvent; measuring an absorption coefficient (?a(?)) of a first sample material, after an interaction between the solvent and the first solute component has occurred; and obtaining an unknown volume fraction (vg) of the first solute component and a volume fraction (vw) of the solvent, based on the absorption coefficient (?aw(?)) of the solvent, a apparent absorption coefficient (??ag(?)) of the first solute component, and the absorption coefficient (?a(?)) of the first sample material.

Abstract: A solid state apparatus comprising, a printed circuit board having a first and a second surface that are opposite surfaces, a semiconductor chip for imaging arranged on the first surface, a sealing resin arranged to cover the printed circuit board and the semiconductor chip, and a translucent member arranged on the sealing resin, the solid state apparatus having a first region located inward of an outer edge of the semiconductor chip, and a second region located outward of the outer edge, the printed circuit board comprising, on the first surface, a first terminal electrically connected to the semiconductor chip, and comprising, on the second surface, a second terminal electrically connected to the first terminal within the printed circuit board, the second terminal being arranged in the first region.

Abstract: A device generating specific information of a semiconductor device includes a bit generation unit including a glitch generation circuit and a bit conversion circuit for converting a shape of the glitch into an information bit. The glitch generation circuit includes a plurality of combinational circuits mounted thereon to output a plurality of different glitches. The bit generation unit further includes a selector for selecting one glitch from among the plurality of different glitches in response to a selection signal to output the selected one glitch to the bit conversion circuit. The device further includes a performance evaluation/control unit for outputting the selection signal to obtain a piece of bit information corresponding to each of the plurality of different glitches and specifying a glitch satisfying a desired performance based on the respective pieces of bit information.

Abstract: A first equation is created, using the physical property data of a user-specified target to be analyzed, to calculate a first magnetic field due to a current vector in the target to be analyzed in such a manner that a finite element method and a boundary integral method are applicable to the first equation. A second equation is created, using the physical property data of the user-specified target to be analyzed, to calculate a second magnetic field due to a magnetization vector in the target to be analyzed in such a manner that the finite element method and the boundary integral method are applicable to the second equation. A first magnetic field and a second magnetic field are calculated using the first equation and the second equation, respectively. The sum of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field is set to the magnetic field of the target.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a magnetic program causing a computer to perform an exchange coupling energy calculating process including interpolating a rotation angle between two magnetization vectors disposed at the respective centers of two adjacent elements used in a finite volume method with reference to a rotation axis perpendicular to the two magnetization vectors, and calculating a magnetic exchange coupling field by integrating a magnetic field acting as a force exerted on the two magnetization vectors with the interpolated rotation angle.

Abstract: A light absorption coefficient distribution estimation device includes a detection section and a light absorption coefficient distribution estimation section. The detection section detects the received light intensity of scattered light from a subject at a plurality of light-receiving positions that differ in distance from an irradiation position at which measurement light is applied to the subject. The light absorption coefficient distribution estimation section estimates the light absorption coefficient distribution of the subject using the received light intensity, a propagation optical path length model that specifies a propagation optical path length on a basis of the distance, and a first model that specifies the received light intensity on a basis of the distance when absorption of light is at a predetermined value.

Abstract: A bit generation apparatus includes a glitch generation circuit that generates glitch signals which include a plurality of pulses, and T-FF bit generation circuits which input the glitch signals, and based on either rising edges or falling edges of the plurality of pulses included in the glitch signals, generate a bit value of either 0 or 1. Each of the T-FF bit generation circuits generates a respective bit value based on either the parity of the number of rising edges or the parity of the number of falling edges of the plurality of pulses. As a result of employment of the T-FF bit generation circuits, circuits that are conventionally required but not essential for the glitch become unnecessary. This serves to prevent expansion in circuit scale and increase in processing time of bit generation for the bit generation circuit.

Abstract: A biological information acquiring apparatus includes light source units configured to irradiate light onto a living body, a light receiving unit including a light receiving element, the light receiving element including pixels, each of the pixels receiving at least one of a transmission light and a reflection light, and a nonuniform filter disposed on the light receiving unit and on a light path of at least one of the transmission light and the reflection light, the nonuniform filter having a light transmittance that varies with area of the nonuniform filter. The light source units are disposed around the light receiving unit discretely, and the light transmittance of the nonuniform filter is set so that a light intensity of at least one of the transmission light and the reflection light is uniform over an entire surface of the light receiving element.

Abstract: Light emitted from a light source section is split into measurement light and gate light by a splitter section. The measurement light is applied to an object by an irradiation section. Emitted light from the object is condensed by a condenser section, and relayed to a light conversion section by a relay section. The gate light obtained by the splitter section is guided to an optical shutter section. In this case, the gate light is changed in optical path length by a gate light guide section, and guided to a Kerr material section. A time-resolved waveform is calculated from a light intensity detection result at the optical path length that has been changed, and the concentration of a component contained in the object is calculated.

Abstract: A signal route of a PUF (Physical Uncloneable Function) circuit is configured in each device. The signal route of each device is connected by a connection route to form a transmission route. An arbiter is connected at the end of the transmission route. A signal is transmitted in the transmission route from a device to a device. The arbiter monitors the signal passed through the transmission route, and generates an output signal reflecting a characteristic unique to the transmission route, based on monitoring results. The authentication of identity among a combination of a plurality of devices is enabled by examining the output signal.

Abstract: A concentration measurement method of measuring at least including processes of: causing a set of lights having first and second different wavelengths in which change amounts of absorption coefficients of the water due to a change in water temperature are substantially the same to be incident on the solution, and measuring an absorption coefficient in the first wavelength and a absorption coefficient in the second wavelength in the solution; referencing an absorption coefficient of the water in the first wavelength and an absorption coefficient of the water in the second wavelength; referencing an absorption coefficient of the solute in the first wavelength and an absorption coefficient of the solute in the second wavelength; and applying a simultaneous equation to obtain a volume fraction of an unknown solute and a volume fraction of the water based on the above absorption coefficients.

Abstract: A first temperature sensor is formed in a first measurement area so that a measurement surface thereof is exposed to an inner surface of a liquid tank (a storage body). The first temperature sensor can detect a temperature of liquid injected into the liquid tank. Further, a first input part is formed in the first measurement area so that an output surface thereof is exposed to the inner surface of the liquid tank.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, a high-speed operation method for directing a computer to process a coefficient matrix constituting simultaneous equations generated by modeling an analysis target into a mesh by using the finite element method and the boundary element method, said method includes obtaining two edges that are not on a same plane and that are the closest to each other from among edges defined in a mesh of a boundary modeled by the boundary element method, and ordering, in a vicinity of on-diagonal elements of the coefficient matrix, matrix elements in the coefficient matrix of simultaneous equations obtained for the two edges that are the closest to each other.

Abstract: A concentration measurement method by an absorptiometric method which measures a concentration of a first solute component dissolved in a solution, in which the first solute component interacts with a solvent, includes: referring to an absorption coefficient (?aw(?)) of the solvent; measuring an absorption coefficient (?a(?)) of a first sample material, after an interaction between the solvent and the first solute component has occurred; and obtaining an unknown volume fraction (vg) of the first solute component and a volume fraction (vw) of the solvent, based on the absorption coefficient (?aw(?)) of the solvent, a apparent absorption coefficient (??ag(?)) of the first solute component, and the absorption coefficient (?a(?)) of the first sample material.

Abstract: A concentration determination apparatus may include: an irradiation unit that irradiates short-pulsed light to an observed object; a light receiving unit that receives light backscattered from the observed object; a light intensity acquisition unit that acquires an intensity distribution of the light; an optical path length distribution storage unit that stores a model of an optical path length distribution in each layer of the plurality of layers of the short-pulsed light; an optical path length acquisition unit that acquires the optical path length distribution of each layer; a time-resolved waveform storage unit that stores a model of a time-resolved waveform; a light intensity model acquisition unit that acquires a light intensity model; an integral interval calculation unit that calculates a time range of an area; an optical absorption coefficient calculation and acquisition unit that calculates and acquires an optical absorption coefficient; and a concentration calculation unit that calculates the conce

Abstract: A biological information acquisition device that acquires information from a biological body by irradiating the biological body with light, the device comprises: a light source irradiating the biological body with light; a plurality of light receiving elements receiving one of passed light and reflected light from the biological body irradiated with light by the light source; and an inhomogeneous neutral density filter disposed on the plurality of light receiving elements and in a light path of one of passed light and reflected light. An optical transmittance of the inhomogeneous neutral density filter is set so that intensity of each light component received by light receiving elements is evened out as a whole.