Abstract: A polythiol composition, including: a polythiol compound (A); and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2), wherein, in a high-performance liquid chromatography measurement, a total peak area of the at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2) is 1.00 or less with respect to a total peak area 100 of compounds contained in the polythiol composition.

Abstract: An episulfide composition, including: an episulfide compound (A) that comprises an episulfide ring, and a polysulfide bond in which three or more sulfide bonds represented by —S— are linked together; and an episulfide compound (B) that comprises an episulfide ring and a (di)sulfide bond but not the polysulfide bond, wherein the content of the episulfide compound (A) is 100 ppm by mass or more with respect to a total amount of the episulfide composition.

Abstract: In a process for producing a (poly) sulfide compound represented by General Formula (2) of the present invention, thiol compounds represented by General Formula (1) are reacted with each other in the presence of a basic compound represented by General Formula (4) or General Formula (5) and sulfur.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an amine compound including obtaining a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by reacting a compound represented by Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, neutralizing the reaction, purifying an aldehyde compound by distilling the neutralized reaction solution, and reacting the aldehyde compound with ammonia and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an amine compound, wherein the phosphorus compound is represented by the Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one selected from carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II, and wherein the neutralizing the reaction solution is performed within a temperature range of 40° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an isocyanate compound including obtaining a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by reacting a compound represented by Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, neutralizing the reaction solution, purifying an aldehyde compound by distilling the neutralized reaction solution, reacting the aldehyde compound with ammonia and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an amine compound; and reacting the amine compound with a carbonylating agent to obtain an isocyanate compound, wherein the phosphorus compound is represented by the Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one selected from carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II, wherein the neutralizing the reaction solution is performed within a temperature range of 40° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: In a process for producing a (poly) sulfide compound represented by General Formula (2) of the present invention, thiol compounds represented by General Formula (1) are reacted with each other in the presence of a basic compound represented by General Formula (4) or General Formula (5) and sulfur.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an amine compound including obtaining a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by reacting a compound represented by Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, neutralizing the reaction, purifying an aldehyde compound by distilling the neutralized reaction solution, and reacting the aldehyde compound with ammonia and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an amine compound, wherein the phosphorus compound is represented by the Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one selected from carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II, and wherein the neutralizing the reaction solution is performed within a temperature range of 40° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an isocyanate compound including obtaining a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by reacting a compound represented by Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, neutralizing the reaction solution, purifying an aldehyde compound by distilling the neutralized reaction solution, reacting the aldehyde compound with ammonia and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an amine compound; and reacting the amine compound with a carbonylating agent to obtain an isocyanate compound, wherein the phosphorus compound is represented by the Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one selected from carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II, wherein the neutralizing the reaction solution is performed within a temperature range of 40° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: The purification method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of neutralizing a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by adding water and a base compound to the reaction solution, and a step of distilling the neutralized reaction solution, in which the reaction solution is obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, the phosphorus compound is represented by Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one kind selected from among carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I on the periodic table and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II on the periodic table.

Abstract: A preparation method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of reacting a compound represented by the following general formula (a1) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound including 0.01 ppmmol to 10 ppmmol of a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 with respect to 1 mole of the compound and a phosphorus compound, and in the step, the amount of acrylonitrile included in the compound represented by the general formula (a1) is equal to or less than 200-fold by mole with respect to 1 mole of the metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10.

Abstract: A preparation method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of reacting the compound represented by the following general formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound including 0.01 ppmmol to 10 ppmmol of a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 with respect to 1 mole of the compound and a phosphorus compound, and the amount of a chlorine portion in the reaction system in the step is equal to or less than 1.5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10.

Abstract: A preparation method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of reacting a compound represented by the following general formula (a1) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound including 0.01 ppmmol to 10 ppmmol of a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 with respect to 1 mole of the compound and a phosphorus compound, and in the step, the amount of acrylonitrile included in the compound represented by the general formula (a1) is equal to or less than 200-fold by mole with respect to 1 mole of the metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10.

Abstract: A preparation method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of reacting the compound represented by the following general formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound including 0.01 ppmmol to 10 ppmmol of a metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10 with respect to 1 mole of the compound and a phosphorus compound, and the amount of a chlorine portion in the reaction system in the step is equal to or less than 1.5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the metal belonging to Groups 8 to 10.

Abstract: The purification method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of neutralizing a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by adding water and a base compound to the reaction solution, and a step of distilling the neutralized reaction solution, in which the reaction solution is obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, the phosphorus compound is represented by Formula (R1O)3P, and the base compound is at least one kind selected from among carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I on the periodic table and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II on the periodic table.

Abstract: A resin composition for an optical material that has excellent balance of refractive index of resin, Abbe number, heat resistance, specific gravity, and resin strength, a resin obtained by curing the resin composition, and an optical material are provided. A polymerizable composition comprising the following is used: An alicyclic isocyanate compound represented by the formula (1) and/or the formula (2): ?(In the formula (1), n represents integer of 0 to 3) ?and (a) at least one compound of the polythiol compound having at least two thiol groups in one molecule and/or the polythiol compound having at least two thiol groups and at least one (poly)sulfide bond other than the thiol group in one molecule, and (b) at least one compound of the polyhydroxy compound having at least two hydroxy groups in one molecule and/or the (poly)hydroxy(poly)mercapto compound having at least one hydroxy group and at least one thiol group.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing dicyanonorbornane characterized by causing hydrogen cyanide to undergo addition reaction with cyanonorbornene (bicyclo[2.2.1]-5-heptene-2-carbonitrile) in the presence of a zerovalent nickel complex catalyst which is produced by using a phosphite represented by P(x)(y)(z) (wherein P is a phosphorus atom, and x, y and z are each OR, where R represents an aryl group having not more than 18 carbon atoms) as a ligand to reduce a nickel halide with at least one metal selected among zinc, cadmium, beryllium, aluminum, iron and cobalt, wherein the phosphite is one which has a phosphate content of 1.0 weight % or lower based on the whole phosphite.

Abstract: Pentaerythritol which contains none of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals or which contains at least one of these in a total amount of 1.0 weight % or smaller is reacted with a mercaptocarboxylic acid to produce a pentaerythritol mercaptocarboxylic acid ester.

Abstract: A process for producing pentaerythritol mercaptocarboxylic ester by reacting pentaerythritol with a mercaptocarboxylic acid having a content of thioester formed by condensation of two molecules of the acid of 5% or below (in terms of area percentage) as determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography in the case of the total area of the mercaptocarboxylic acid and thioester formed by intermolecular condensation of the acid is taken as 100%.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexed optical signal transmission method, a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal transmission system and an optical repeater enabling the number of wavelengths to be detected without error even when optical noise is caused in the optical repeater and such functions as adjustment and monitoring of the level of a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to be performed properly. An optical repeater processes controlled optical signals of different wavelengths individually based on a control optical signal that contains wavelength number information indicating the total number of wavelengths and the presence or absence of a controlled optical signal with respect to each wavelength. Thus, even when optical noise is caused in the optical repeater, the number of wavelengths can be detected without error and such functions as adjustment and monitoring of the level of a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal can be performed properly.

Abstract: Pentaerythritol which contains none of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals or which contains at least one of these in a total amount of 1.0 weight % or smaller is reacted with a mercaptocarboxylic acid to produce a pentaerythritol mercaptocarboxylic acid ester.