Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus in which transmission efficiency of light is enhanced and in which a good liquid crystal display screen is provided. Positioning means (25, 25) are provided on a lower plate inner surface (15) of a frame (13) that covers a light conductive member (3). The positioning means (25, 25) push up the light conductive member (3) relative to a transparent substrate (2) in the direction of the thickness of the light conductive member (3) (light source (5)) (toward an upper plate inner surface (14) of the frame) by the thickness t of a reflection preventive film (20) attached to the lower surface of the transparent substrate (2). Thus, an exit surface (9) of the light conductive member (3) does not overlap the reflection preventive film (20), and a good display can be realized on the liquid crystal screen.

Abstract: A method for controlling an index of refraction of silica glass, and in particular quartz glass, is disclosed. The method for controlling the index of refraction of silica glass includes the use of a vacuum ultraviolet laser beam having the same or shorter wavelength absorbable by the silica glass. The vacuum ultraviolet laser beam is irradiated to the silica glass to cause photodissociation of a Si—O bond at the point of irradiation. An index of refraction may also be altered using a vacuum ultraviolet laser beam having a longer wavelength absorbable by the silica glass.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus to improve a coupling efficiency between a light conductive member and a spot-like light source. A claw (23) of an upper frame (21) is fitted to a recess (20) of an LED (6), and generates a spring force in a direction of a light conductive member (4) (a spring force in a longitudinal direction of the light conductive member (4)) in a fitted condition to press the LED (6) toward the light conductive member (4). Thus, the light conductive member (4) and the LED are excellently and tightly attached to each other, and surely positioned, and the coupling efficiency of the light conductive member (4) with the LED is excellent.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus to improve the coupling efficiency between members constituting a light source. The light source comprises a bar-like light conductive member and spot-like light sources. The spot-like light sources are mounted and soldered on an FPC, the light conductive member is fitted between the spot-like light sources, and ends of the light conductive member face light emitting surfaces of the spot-like light sources. The FPC has a deformed portion shaped U and forming an open area. The deformation of the FPC with a U-shaped portion forming an open area gives a flexibility to the FPC in the longitudinal direction of the light conductive member, and an elastic force is given in the reverse direction thereof when the open area is expanded. This elastic force makes the light emitting surfaces of the spot-like source press on the ends of the light conductive member, and the coupling efficiency therebetween is improved.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus to improve a light coupling efficiency between a light conductive member and a transparent substrate. In the spread illuminating apparatus, an FPC mounting section of a frame is set to be lower than a substrate mounting section by the thickness of an FPC, and an extension provided at an FPC main body is let through an opening formed at a stepped part of the frame so as to be disposed on a reverse side of the frame, whereby an upper surface of the light conductive member is adapted to be flush with an upper surface of the transparent substrate while prevention of the deviation in the thickness direction between the light conductive member and the transparent substrate is not obstructed even when the extension is provided, which results in improving the light coupling efficiency.

Abstract: A cover portion 20 which covers a spot-like light source 8 is provided on the printed circuit board (FPC) 9, thereby giving electrical insulation from the surrounding. Therefore, even if a metallic frame is disposed close to the spot-like light source 8, the spot-like light source 8 is prevented surely from shortcircuiting with the metallic frame. Since the cover portion 20 covers the surrounding of the spot-like light source 8, light leakage from the spot-light like source 8 can be minimized and light emitted from the spot-like light source 8 can be used efficiently.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus ensuring excellent light utilization efficiency without deteriorating workability in assembling. A first extension plate and a second extension plate, which are bent so as to have a spring force working toward each other, are provided on an upper opposing plate of a frame. A spot-like light source and a light conductive member are pressed by means of the spring force of the above extension plates. A clearance between the spot-like light source and the first extension plate, and a clearance between the light conductive member and the second extension plate are eliminated, whereby generation of play can be prevented resulting in an improvement of workability in assembling. Also, the spot-like light source and the light conductive member contact tightly with each other eliminating a clearance therebetween so as to improve light utilization efficiency. The frame and further the whole apparatus can be compact while maintaining a high accuracy.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus to suppress the appearance of moiré fringes. A light reflection pattern of a transparent substrate is composed of grooves of substantially triangular in section and flat portions adjacent thereto. The light reflection pattern is formed substantially parallel to the optical axis of a bar-like light source and the depth of the grooves increases gradually in proportion to the increase in distance from the light source. The interval of the adjacent grooves (the groove interval) is set to vary irregularly. Thereby, the relation between the interval of grooves and the interval of mosaic pattern of liquid crystal cells is not definite, and the appearance of moiré pattern can be suppressed.

Abstract: The invention describes a light reflection pattern to spread the volume of the emitted light from a bar-like light source with a plurality of grooves provided along a transparent substrate and plane portions adjacent to the grooves. By setting the inclined angle of the grooves along the transparent substrate the light is introduced with a high efficiency to a liquid crystal display device in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. By restricting the ratio of the width of the grooves to the pitch that is the occupied area in the range of 0.01-0.15 (preferably 0.01-0.1) the ratio becomes one in which the duplicate image component is not recognized by the naked eyes while image brightness is maintained.

Abstract: The light L emitted from the light emitting diode 4 refracts while passing through the prism sheet 5 and its directivity is modified, whereby the illuminating area is extended further. As a result, the emitting distribution pattern A of the light covers approximately all over the transparent substrate 2. The light thus having entered the transparent substrate 2 is refracted by the groove 2a, and the liquid crystal element contacting with the lower surface of the transparent substrate 2 is illuminated uniformly.

Abstract: According to the strength of the leak light from the spot-like light source 12, the light diffusion film 20, the light diffusion co-efficient is changed is disposed between the flat transparent substrate 3 and the light source portion 10, 12. Thereby, by diffusing the strength of the leak light, the incident light to the one side end face 4 of the resin substrate 3 is made approximately even, and the direct entering of the leak light into the flat transparent substrate is suspended and thereby the generation of the bright line is suspended to realize an even and spread illumination.

Abstract: Information that is required to dispatch human resources between organizations in a company or between organizations in companies that cooperate with each other can be registered efficiently. When a dispatchable temporary worker occurs, dispatchable temporary worker information representing the skill of the dispatchable temporary worker, etc., is transmitted from a dispatching terminal to a dispatching information server. When a need for a temporary worker arises, job offer information representing a desired skill for the temporary worker, etc., is transmitted from a job offer terminal to the dispatching information server. The dispatching information server registers the dispatchable temporary worker information from the dispatching terminal therein.

Abstract: At one end of the spread body 1, two light conductive members 2A, 2B on one part of which optical path conversion means 4 are formed are disposed in line with the spread body 1 and each optical path conversion means 4 of the light conductive members 2A, 2B is, when seeing perpendicularly to the spread body 1, disposed alternately with each other. Since each optical path conversion means 4 of the light conductive members 2A, 2B is not impeded with other optical path conversion means 4, illumination is carried out effectively.

Abstract: Between the transparent substrate 1 and the light conductive member 2 disposed along and close to at least one side end of the transparent substrate 1, the optical path conversion plate 6 having the prism portion is disposed. Due to this optical conversion plate 6, the light from the light conductive member 2 is directed effectively toward the transparent substrate 1 .

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus in which transmission efficiency of light is enhanced and in which a good liquid crystal display screen is provided. Positioning means (25, 25) are provided on a lower plate inner surface (15) of a frame (13) that covers a light conductive member (3). The positioning means (25, 25) push up the light conductive member (3) relative to a transparent substrate (2) in the direction of the thickness of the light conductive member (3) (light source (5)) (toward an upper plate inner surface (14) of the frame) by the thickness t of a reflection preventive film (20) attached to the lower surface of the transparent substrate (2) . Thus, an exit surface (9) of the light conductive member (3) does not overlap the reflection preventive film (20), and a good display can be realized on the liquid crystal screen.

Abstract: Between the transparent substrate 2 and the light source portion 4, the light diffusion film 20 to diffuse the light as the light diffusion layer is interposed. Thereby, the lights emitted from the light source 4 different in brightness, due to the diffusion during progressing in the light diffusion film 20, at the process of entering the transparent substrate 2, becomes even in brightness, and is suspended in the generation of the stripe pattern of light and shade, as a result a spread and even illumination can be realized.

Abstract: A method for controlling an index of refraction of silica glass, and in particular quartz glass, is disclosed. The method for controlling the index of refraction of silica glass includes the use of a vacuum ultraviolet laser beam having the same or shorter wavelength absorbable by the silica glass. The vacuum ultraviolet laser beam is irradiated to the silica glass to cause photodissociation of a Si-O bond at the point of irradiation. An index of refraction may also be altered using a vacuum ultraviolet laser beam having a longer wavelength absorbable by the silica glass.

Abstract: There is provided an FPC for mounting components with an improved workability of fitting into other components. Both a second bend (23) and a third bend (25) are provided with a copper foil(s) (15). The copper foil (15) provided at each bend functions as a core material to be plastically transformed when the respective bends (23, 25) are formed and to prevent an FPC (9) from rebounding due to elastic recovery, thereby enabling the bends to retain their shape as desired. As shown in the figure, in case there are a plurality of bends, the copper foil (15) extends to be disposed at all the bends, thereby avoiding the deterioration in workability of assembly, which is invited due to the FPC (9) rebounding. Further, after assembling the FPC (9), a cover portion (20) does not rebound with time within the other components and does not shift off a predetermined position.

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus which is improved in terms of compactness. A transparent substrate (2A) is composed of a transparent substrate proper (15), a curve (16) and an extension (17) which is plate-like, continuous with the curve (16) and substantially perpendicular to the transparent substrate proper (15). Light rays from a spot-like light source (6) enter the extension (17). Thereafter, the light rays enter the transparent substrate proper (15) due to the total internal reflection at the extension (17) and the curve (16), the reflection at a curved surface (16a) of the curve (16), and the like. Thus the light rays enter the transparent substrate proper (15) with the spot-like light source (6) not disposed on the same plane as the transparent substrate proper (15).

Abstract: There is provided a spread illuminating apparatus with an enhanced efficiency of radiating heat generated by a spot-like light source. An enclosure (31) is formed at an end of a metal frame (27) so as to enclose a cover portion (14) which receives a spot-like light source (6). Dummy patterns (26) are provided on inner surfaces of the first, second and third face portions (18, 20, 22) of the cover portion (14). Since the enclosure (31) is made of metal, and therefore has a high heat conductivity, the enclosure (31) works as a sort of heat sink and easily conducts heat generated by the spot-like light source (6) outwardly for radiation. The enclosure (31) is integrally formed with the metal frame (27), so the number of components can be reduced in comparison with the case where the enclosure (31) and the metal flame (27) are separately formed. Thus, the structure is simplified, thereby improving the productivity.