Abstract: In the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), formation of HFC-254eb as an excessively reduced product is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound gas composed of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is a catalyst having palladium supported on active carbon, and the ratio of the number of moles of the hydrogen gas to the number of moles of chlorine atoms in the raw material compound gas (H2/Cl) is at most 0.7.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process for producing highly pure 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, whereby formation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound composed of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and/or 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen in a gas phase in a reactor having a catalyst layer packed with a catalyst-supporting carrier, while maintaining the maximum temperature of the catalyst layer to be at most 130° C., to obtain formed gas containing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and then, contacting the formed gas discharged from the reactor, with alkali at a temperature of at most 100° C.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process whereby it is possible to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at a high conversion ratio constantly for a long period of time. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen, in the presence of a noble metal catalyst supported on active carbon having an ash content of at most 3% as measured in accordance with ASTM D2866.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process for producing highly pure 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, whereby formation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene as a by-product is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises introducing and reacting a raw material compound composed of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen, in a catalyst layer packed with a catalyst-supporting carrier, wherein the temperature of the catalyst layer is controlled to be higher than the dew point of the raw material mixed gas comprising the raw material compound and the hydrogen, and the maximum temperature of the catalyst layer is maintained to be at most 130° C. during the reaction.

Abstract: In the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), formation of HFC-254eb as an excessively reduced product is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound gas composed of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen gas, in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is a catalyst having palladium supported on active carbon, and the ratio of the number of moles of the hydrogen gas to the number of moles of chlorine atoms in the raw material compound gas (H2/Cl) is at most 0.7.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process whereby it is possible to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene at a high conversion ratio constantly for a long period of time. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen, in the presence of a noble metal catalyst supported on active carbon having an ash content of at most 3% as measured in accordance with ASTM D2866.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process for producing highly pure 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, whereby formation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene as a by-product is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises introducing and reacting a raw material compound composed of at least one of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen, in a catalyst layer packed with a catalyst-supporting carrier, wherein the temperature of the catalyst layer is controlled to be higher than the dew point of the raw material mixed gas comprising the raw material compound and the hydrogen, and the maximum temperature of the catalyst layer is maintained to be at most 130° C. during the reaction.

Abstract: The object is to provide a process for producing highly pure 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, whereby formation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene is suppressed. A process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, which comprises reacting a raw material compound composed of 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and/or 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and hydrogen in a gas phase in a reactor having a catalyst layer packed with a catalyst-supporting carrier, while maintaining the maximum temperature of the catalyst layer to be at most 130° C., to obtain formed gas containing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and then, contacting the formed gas discharged from the reactor, with alkali at a temperature of at most 100° C.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing carbonyl fluoride by employing carbon monoxide and fluorine as starting materials, without such a problem as vigorous heat generation or a decrease in the reaction yield due to a side reaction.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a fluorine-containing emulsifier in a low concentration of at least 1 ppm by mass and at most 1% by mass (e.g., coagulation waste water after an emulsion polymerization of a fluoropolymer and/or an aqueous solution obtained by washing with an aqueous solution a waste gas from a drying process and/or a heat treating process of the fluoropolymer) is subjected to vacuum concentration under a pressure of at most 100 kPa and a temperature of the aqueous solution of at most 100° C. by means of a heating tube surface evaporation type concentrator equipped with a heat pump or the like, and the fluorine-containing emulsifier is recovered from a highly concentrated aqueous solution containing the fluorine-containing emulsifier in a higher concentration of at least 5% by mass. According to the present method, the fluorine-containing emulsifier can be recovered with a high yield from a low-concentration liquid such as coagulation waste water of a fluoropolymer.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing carbonyl fluoride by employing carbon monoxide and fluorine as starting materials, without such a problem as vigorous heat generation or a decrease in the reaction yield due to a side reaction. A method for producing carbonyl fluoride, which comprises introducing carbon monoxide gas and fluorine gas into a liquid, and letting carbon monoxide and fluorine react with each other to obtain carbonyl fluoride.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing industrially useful fluorine-containing compounds such as a fluorinated ester compound and an acid fluoride compound. Namely, the present invention resides in a method for producing a fluorinated ester compound, which comprises fluorinating an ester compound which is an ester of a compound having hydroxyl group(s) with a compound having acyl fluoride group(s) and which has a structure which can be fluorinated, in a liquid phase to produce a fluorinated ester compound, wherein the fluorination is carried out in the form of a liquid mixture of the ester compound and the compound having acyl fluoride group(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of CF3CF2CF2OCF?CF2 by pyrolyzing a compound expressed by CF3CF2CF2OCF(CF3)COOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2CF3 in a gas phase at a temperature of from 200° C. to 500° C.

Abstract: A process for producing a fluorinated ester through a small number of steps, is presented. The process for producing a fluorinated ester, comprises a transesterification step in which RAF—COOCF2—RAF and RA—CH2OH are subjected to a transesterification reaction to obtain RAF—COOCH2—RA, and a fluorination step in which the obtained compound is fluorinated to obtain a reaction product containing RAF—COOCF2—RAF. Here, in the formulae, RA is a monovalent organic group, and RAF is the same group as RA or a monovalent organic group obtained by fluorination of RA.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing industrially useful fluorine-containing compounds such as a fluorinated ester compound and an acid fluoride compound. Namely, the present invention resides in a method for producing a fluorinated ester compound, which comprises fluorinating an ester compound which is an ester of a compound having hydroxyl group(s) with a compound having acyl fluoride group(s) and which has a structure which can be fluorinated, in a liquid phase to produce a fluorinated ester compound, wherein the fluorination is carried out in the form of a liquid mixture of the ester compound and the compound having acyl fluoride group(s).

Abstract: A process for producing a fluorinated ester through a small number of steps, is presented. The process for producing a fluorinated ester, comprises a transesterification step in which RAF—COOCF2—RAF and RA—CH2OH are subjected to a transesterification reaction to obtain RAF—COOCH2—RA, and a fluorination step in which the obtained compound is fluorinated to obtain a reaction product containing RAF—COOCF2—RAF. Here, in the formulae, RA is a monovalent organic group, and RAF is the same group as RA or a monovalent organic group obtained by fluorination of RA.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing industrially useful fluorine-containing compounds such as a fluorinated ester compound and an acid fluoride compound. Namely, the present invention resides in a method for producing a fluorinated ester compound, which comprises fluorinating an ester compound which is an ester of a compound having hydroxyl group(s) with a compound having acyl fluoride group(s) and which has a structure which can be fluorinated, in a liquid phase to produce a fluorinated ester compound, wherein the fluorination is carried out in the form of a liquid mixture of the ester compound and the compound having acyl fluoride group(s).

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a fluorine-containing emulsifier in a low concentration of at least 1 ppm by mass and at most 1% by mass (e.g., coagulation waste water after an emulsion polymerization of a fluoropolymer and/or an aqueous solution obtained by washing with an aqueous solution a waste gas from a drying process and/or a heat treating process of the fluoropolymer) is subjected to vacuum concentration under a pressure of at most 100 kPa and a temperature of the aqueous solution of at most 100° C. by means of a heating tube surface evaporation type concentrator equipped with a heat pump or the like, and the fluorine-containing emulsifier is recovered from a highly concentrated aqueous solution containing the fluorine-containing emulsifier in a higher concentration of at least 5% by mass. According to the present method, the fluorine-containing emulsifier can be recovered with a high yield from a low-concentration liquid such as coagulation waste water of a fluoropolymer.

Abstract: There is provided a multilayer film comprising two outer layers and at least one inner layer interposed between the outer layers, wherein the multilayer film:

Abstract: Disclosed are a sheet which has a resin layer comprising a polyolefin resin with a degree of crystallinity of at least 45% wherein the resin layer has a total haze of up to 10% and wherein at least one surface of the sheet is the resin layer, a thermoformed article obtained by thermoforming the sheet, and a laminate structure comprising the sheet or thermoformed article and a substrate made of a thermoplastic resin, the substrate being laminated on the sheet or thermoformed article.