Abstract: To solve the problem of reliability of a flat film in an optical recording medium due to repelling, and a problem of the yield. An optical recording medium for executing at least one of recording and reproduction of information by light irradiation, comprising a film formation layer having at least a recording layer, with the surface on the light irradiation side provided as a minute rugged surface, on a substrate with a minute concave-convex portion formed on the surface on the light irradiation side, wherein a light transmissible flat film having a transmissivity with respect to the irradiation light is formed on the film formation layer via a hydrophilic material film having a hydrophilic property, filling the minute rugged surface of the film formation layer surface so as to have a flat surface, is provided.

Abstract: In a recording medium manufacturing method for obtaining a recording medium by effecting a surface smoothing treatment on a surface smoothing treatment surface of a surface of a medium, the surface smoothing treatment surface of the medium is locally pressed by a polishing work tape having a pressure area less than 1 mm, more preferably, less than 0.5 mm with respect to both radial direction and tangential direction relative to rotation of the medium. In a polishing work of recording medium manufacturing process, a problem of occurrence of defects such as scratches on the surface layer can be improved, whereby yield can be increased and mass-productivity can be improved.

Abstract: An optical system capable of reducing trouble in assembly and skew adjustment, comprising first and second optical lenses arranged so that their optical axes coincide or substantially coincide, wherein the first optical lens has a substrate comprised of an optical material, the substrate has a convex portion serving as a convex lens, a flat portion positioned around the convex portion, and an outer circumference portion positioned around the flat portion, a thickness of the substrate at the outer circumference portion is greater than a thickness of the substrate at the convex portion, and the outer circumference portion of the first optical lens and that of the second optical lens are fixed in place by an adhesive so that the convex portion of the first optical lens faces the convex portion of the second optical lens.

Abstract: The present invention provides a printing device capable of high-resolution reproduction of documentary images and ensuring satisfactory productivity. Specifically, the invention provides a printing device which ejects only ink or a printing device which mixes/ejects ink and diluent, both of which has at least the periphery of the nozzle member on the side upon which the nozzle opens its mouth made of polybenzimidazole or polyimide.

Abstract: An optical device used for converging a light beam on a signal recording surface of an optical disc includes an optical lens for converging the light beam on a signal recording surface of the optical disc and a light barrier portion provided on a surface of the optical lens facing the optical disc. The light barrier portion includes a light transmitting aperture through which is transmitted the light beam converged by the optical lens. The light beam illuminated on the optical disc has its diameter controlled by this light transmitting aperture. The light radiated by a light source so as to be incident to the optical device is converged by the optical lens. The light converged by the optical lens is transmitted through the light transmitting aperture and illuminated on the signal recording surface of the optical disc.

Abstract: An optical element having a substrate formed by an optical material and able to improve mechanical strength, wherein the substrate has a convex part functioning as a convex lens, a flat part positioned around the convex part, and an outer circumference part positioned around the flat part. The thickness of the substrate at the outer circumference part is greater than that of the substrate at the flat part.

Abstract: An optical head, able to reduce thermal stress generated in an optical lens mounted on a bobbin, having a bobbin formed with a center hole and an optical lens mounted on the bobbin via a thermal expansion adjustment member 40 formed with an opening. The optical lens has a substrate formed by an optical material different from the bobbin in coefficient of thermal expansion. The substrate has a convex part functioning as a convex lens and a flat part positioned around the convex part. The flat part is fixed to the thermal expansion adjustment member so that the convex part fits in the opening. The optical lens is placed so that a center axis of the convex part or an extension thereof passes through the center hole of the bobbin and the center axis of the convex part coincides with a center hole of the bobbin.

Abstract: Constructed is an optical recording medium which is so formed as to have excellent surface flatness and with respect to which information is recorded or reproduced with the use of a near-field optical system. The optical recording medium is one which performs at least one of recording and reproduction of information by irradiation of light. The optical recording medium has a substrate 1 which has fine concavities and convexities 2 formed on the surface on a side where irradiation of light is performed, and a formed film layer having at least a recording layer and having a fine concavities and convexities surface reflecting the fine concavities and convexities 2 in itself.

Abstract: An optical recording medium to which light for recording and/or reproducing is emitted, comprising one or a plurality of inorganic deelectric layers provided at an incident side to which light from an optical system is converged, and an amplitude transmittance, which is a ratio of the light reached to a recording layer in the optical recording medium to said converged light passed through outer circumference area of said optical system, being equal or greater than 30%.

Abstract: An optical head (1) having an optical means for focusing a laser beam to irradiate an optical recording medium (51) is equipped with an objective lens (2) focusing a laser beam L, and a solid immersion lens (3) disposed between the objective lens (2) and the optical recording medium (51), the head comprising a holder member (4) for integrally retaining the lenses (2) and (3) and a moving mechanism (5a) for moving the holder member in a direction along an optical axis of the lenses (2) and (3), wherein an electrically conductive material is used on a surface of the optical head facing the optical recording medium (51). The numerical aperture can be made large by the solid immersion lens (3). Moreover, the air gap can be controlled with high precision according to the electrostatic capacity formed between the electrically conductive material and the optical recording medium (51). Furthermore, the moving mechanism (5a) and the signal processing for the focus servo operation can be made simpler.

Abstract: The present invention provides a printing device capable of high-resolution reproduction of documentary images and ensuring satisfactory productivity. Specifically, the invention provides a printing device which ejects only ink or a printing device which mixes/ejects ink and diluent, both of which has at least the periphery of the nozzle member on the side upon which the nozzle opens its mouth made of polybenzimidazole or polyimide.

Abstract: A position control apparatus of an optical system capable of positioning a lens at a high accuracy in a near-field optical system using a solid immersion lens. An objective lens 2 and a solid immersion lens are fixed to a lens holder 4. The lens holder 4 is moved by a tracking actuator 5 in the tracking direction of an optical disk 51 and is moved by a focus actuator 8 in the focus direction. The focus actuator 8 is controlled on the basis of the electrostatic capacitance occurring between the solid immersion lens 3 and the optical disk 51.

Abstract: A printing device according to the present invention assures stable mixing and ejecting operations without provision of complicated mechanisms such as valves. The printing device includes an ejecting nozzle with a first discharge opening and a metering nozzle with a, second discharge opening, which are provided separately from each other to feed two kinds of fluids through the first and second discharge openings, respectively. The two kinds of fluids are mixed together to form a fluid mixture to be ejected toward a recording medium. A minimum distance d between the first and second discharge openings of the metering and ejecting nozzles is in the range of 0≦d≦5(S1) where S1 stands for an opening area of the first discharge opening of the ejecting nozzle.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printing head which can prevent ink, diluent, and a mixed solution thereof from adhering to and spreading about a portion of the print head around the nozzle is disclosed. The method comprises forming a hydrophobic film on a surface of a nozzle member, forming a first nozzle into which a discharge medium is introduced, and a second nozzle into which a metering medium is introduced, in the nozzle member. The first nozzle has a first orifice on the surface, and the second nozzle has a second orifice also on the surface. The first and second orifices are located so as to ooze the metering medium from the second orifice to the first orifice through the surface. An additional step of removing the hydrophobic film from a portion of the surface between the first and second orifices to define a groove is included.

Abstract: An anti-reflection coating layer is formed on the surface portion of a recording medium. This enables to obtain a margin for the air gap thickness change when recording/reproducing an information signal using the “near-field technique” as well as minimize a data loss caused by a collision. Furthermore, the present invention provides a film configuration which can easily be produced.

Abstract: A printing apparatus having a printing head that prevents ink, diluent, and a mixed solution thereof from adhering to and spreading about a portion of the printing head around a nozzle. The printing apparatus has an enhanced ability to reproduce a gradation of concentration, thereby making it possible to form a recorded image of high resolution. The printing head has a first nozzle, which discharges a discharge medium, and a second nozzle, which discharges a metering medium. The orifices of the first and second nozzles are adjacent to each other in a nozzle outlet face of the printing head. A groove, a hydrophilic portion, or an insular projection is formed between the first and second nozzles to control the spread of ink, diluent, and a mixed solution thereof around the nozzles. The hydrophilic portion may be made by a non-processed portion of the outlet face of the printing head, and a portion other than the nonprocessed portion may be made a hydrophobic portion.

Abstract: A printer comprising a printing head for discharging ink alone or ink and diluent according to the present invention employs a polyimide polymer at least around nozzle opening(s) on the nozzle opening side of the printing head so as to enable to form a recorded image of a high resolution as well as to enhance the productivity. It is preferable that the polyimide polymer have a coefficient of water absorption as 0.4 (%) or below when dipped in water of 23 (°C.) for 24 hours. Furthermore, it is preferable that the printing head excluding the portion made from the polyimide polymer be made from polysulfone, polyethersulfone, or a polyimide polymer having a coefficient of water absorption as 1.0 (%) or above when dipped in water of 23 (°C.) for 24 hours. Moreover, it is preferable that nozzles are formed by ablation processing using eximer laser.

Abstract: A printer apparatus comprising a discharge nozzle; a pressure chamber communicated with this discharge nozzle; vibrating plates covering the pressure chamber; and a piezoelectric element arranged corresponding to the pressure chamber via the vibrating plates, the vibrating plates comprising a plurality of layers, at least one layer of the vibrating plates covering the entire pressure chamber, and the remaining layers of the vibrating plates being partially removed by using the piezoelectric element as the mask and controlled to substantially the same width as that of the piezoelectric element and, in addition, a method of production of the same.

Abstract: A printer device includes a hard member having a nozzle inlet opening between an emission nozzle and an associated pressurizing chamber for establishing communication therebetween or a hard member having a first nozzle inlet opening between an emission nozzle and an associated first pressurizing chamber for establishing communication therebetween or a second nozzle inlet opening between a quantitation nozzle and an associated second pressurizing chamber establishing communication therebetween, so that, if pressure is applied by a pressurizing unit across the pressurizing chamber, first pressurizing chamber or the second pressurizing chamber, the pressure in these pressurizing chambers rises effectively and stably. Since the emission nozzle and the quantitation nozzle are formed in a resin member, these nozzles can be formed with high accuracy in meeting with laser working characteristics for improving reliability and productivity.

Abstract: A plate material 1 and piezoelectric ceramics 2 are bonded together through an alloy layer 3 formed by an alloy forming reaction due to the mutual diffusion phenomena between a liquid metal including at least galium and the plate material 1 or the piezoelectric ceramics 2, or the mutual diffusion phenomena between the liquid metal and metal powder. The alloy layer 3 may include at least one or more of indium, tin and zinc and at least one or more of copper, silver, gold, and palladium. Further, a metal may be provided on at least one of the bonded surfaces of the plate material 1 and the piezoelectric ceramics 2. This metal may include one or more of copper, silver, gold, tin and palladum. In addition, a metal layer may be formed on the bonded surface 1a side of the plate material 1. Still further, an amorphous layer may be formed on at least one of the parts between the plate material 1 and the alloy layer 3, and between the piezoelectric ceramics 2 and the alloy layer 3.