Abstract: A network system has lower switches and upper switches connected to the lower switches. Each of the upper switches includes a connection information notifying means for notifying connected lower switch list informations each of which includes an identification information on each of the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches, to the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches. Each of the lower switches includes a comparison determination means for comparing the connected lower switch list informations notified by the connection information notifying means, in order to determine a connection state between the upper switches and the lower switches.

Abstract: A network system includes lower switches and upper switches connected to the lower switches. Each of the upper switches transmits a first notification frame containing a connected lower switch number information indicative of the number of the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches, to the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches. Each of the lower switches configures a link aggregation group for ports which received the first notification frames each of which contains a maximum value of the connected lower switch number information among the connected lower switch number informations contained in the received first notification frames.

Abstract: A ring network with plural network relay devices connected in a ring shape includes first and second control ports to be transitioned into either a forwarding state that permits relaying information, or a blocking state that prohibits relaying information; and a ring protocol control unit for transmitting connection confirmation information indicative of communications being possible between the first and the second control port, from the first to the second control port, and from the second to the first control port at a predetermined time interval, or for, in the event that the first or the second control port does not receive the connection confirmation information from the second or the first control port, transmitting failure information indicative of communications being not possible between the first and the second control port, from the first to the second control port, or from the second to the first control port.

Abstract: A network system includes lower switches and upper switches connected to the lower switches. Each of the upper switches transmits a first notification frame containing a connected lower switch number information indicative of the number of the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches, to the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches. Each of the lower switches configures a link aggregation group for ports which received the first notification frames each of which contains a maximum value of the connected lower switch number information among the connected lower switch number informations contained in the received first notification frames.

Abstract: A network system has lower switches and upper switches connected to the lower switches. Each of the upper switches includes a connection information notifying means for notifying connected lower switch list informations each of which includes an identification information on each of the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches, to the lower switches connected to each of the upper switches. Each of the lower switches includes a comparison determination means for comparing the connected lower switch list informations notified by the connection information notifying means, in order to determine a connection state between the upper switches and the lower switches.

Abstract: A switching hub for processing a VLAN frame transmitted through a transmission line of a ring network includes two ring ports connected to the transmission line of the ring network, and a forwarding processing mechanism for, when one of the two ring ports receives the frame and when a VLAN in which the received frame belongs is a VLAN only through both the ring ports, forwarding the frame to the other ring port without performing FDB learning on the frame.

Abstract: A network relay device is for receiving, from an external network relay device, connection confirmation information indicative of being in communication connection with the external network relay device. When the connection confirmation information is particular connection confirmation information indicative of being transmitted from a predetermined external network relay device, the network relay device provides return confirmation information to the predetermined external network relay device.

Abstract: In an administration method of a lumber, an outer appearance of a lumber is photographed to obtain an image data, and a three-dimensional coordinate model of the lumber is created from the image data. Then, a minimum diameter and a length of the lumber are obtained from the three-dimensional coordinate model to calculate a mass volume of the lumber. Further, an edge surface pattern appearing on an edge surface of the lumber is extracted from the image data. After various processes are applied to the lumber, an edge surface pattern is recorded to create an edge surface pattern data. A history data, in which histories of the various processes are accumulated, and the edge surface pattern data are correlated and recorded, is constructed. Accordingly, when the edge surface pattern is compared with the edge surface pattern data, it is possible to trace the histories of the various processes.

Abstract: A switching hub is provided with a control unit for setting, for a port, a VLAN-ID comprising a subgroup ID of a subgroup constituting a VLAN, and a sub-ID of a group contained in the subgroup ID, and a switching processing unit for relaying a frame, which contains the VLAN-ID, via the port, which matches the VLAN-ID.

Abstract: A switching hub for processing a VLAN frame transmitted through a transmission line of a ring network includes two ring ports connected to the transmission line of the ring network, and a forwarding processing mechanism for, when one of the two ring ports receives the frame and when a VLAN in which the received frame belongs is a VLAN only through both the ring ports, forwarding the frame to the other ring port without performing FDB learning on the frame.

Abstract: A network relay device is for receiving, from an external network relay device, connection confirmation information indicative of being in communication connection with the external network relay device. When the connection confirmation information is particular connection confirmation information indicative of being transmitted from a predetermined external network relay device, the network relay device provides return confirmation information to the predetermined external network relay device.

Abstract: A ring network with plural network relay devices connected in a ring shape includes first and second control ports to be transitioned into either a forwarding state that permits relaying information, or a blocking state that prohibits relaying information; and a ring protocol control unit for transmitting connection confirmation information indicative of communications being possible between the first and the second control port, from the first to the second control port, and from the second to the first control port at a predetermined time interval, or for, in the event that the first or the second control port does not receive the connection confirmation information from the second or the first control port, transmitting failure information indicative of communications being not possible between the first and the second control port, from the first to the second control port, or from the second to the first control port.

Abstract: A reply communication apparatus conforms to a protocol to return a reply electronic document in reply to a request electronic document sent from a communication apparatus. The apparatus has a hardware to perform a reply process in the protocol, and is operable to rewrite contents of the request electronic document to replace the request electronic document into a reply electronic document and to output the reply electronic document.

Abstract: A switching hub is provided with a control unit for setting, for a port, a VLAN-ID comprising a subgroup ID of a subgroup constituting a VLAN, and a sub-ID of a group contained in the subgroup ID, and a switching processing unit for relaying a frame, which contains the VLAN-ID, via the port, which matches the VLAN-ID

Abstract: A reply communication apparatus conforms to a protocol to return a reply electronic document in reply to a request electronic document sent from a communication apparatus. The apparatus has a hardware to perform a reply process in the protocol, and is operable to rewrite contents of the request electronic document to replace the request electronic document into a reply electronic document and to output the reply electronic document.

Abstract: To provide a transmitter/receiver and a method for a multiplexing transmission and reception of transmission signals of Gigabit Ethernet, without needing a great buffer memory, nor processes for adding channel identification numbers to frames or for removal, at a multiplexed signal transmitter in which data signals input from a plurality of channels of Gigabit Ethernet are multiplexed to be transmitted, a particular 10-bit data word is transmitted before transmission of a data input from a particular channel, and at a multiplexed signal receiver, the particular channel is identified by the 10-bit data word to be present or not.

Abstract: A virtual local area network (VLAN) connecting equipment which makes possible to relay frame of VLAN without taking off tag from frame, and to increase user accommodating capacity while persisting established network is provided. Virtual local area network connecting equipment, comprising, regional side port connected to a regional network, wide area side port connected to a wide area network, means for relaying frame from regional side port to wide area side port and from wide area side port to regional side port after converting virtual local area network identification number with reference to table provided with previously registered correspondence between virtual local area network identification number in regional network and virtual local area network identification number in wide area network.

Abstract: To provide a transmitter/receiver and a method for a multiplexing transmission and reception of transmission signals of Gigabit Ethernet, without needing a great buffer memory, nor processes for adding channel identification numbers to frames or for removal, at a multiplexed signal transmitter in which data signals input from a plurality of channels of Gigabit Ethernet are multiplexed to be transmitted, a particular 10-bit data word is transmitted before transmission of a data input from a particular channel, and at a multiplexed signal receiver, the particular channel is identified by the 10-bit data word to be present or not.