Abstract: An projection optical system for an i-line projection exposure apparatus includes positive, negative, positive, negative and positive lens units which include a lens having an Abbe number equal to or smaller than 62. 0.125?NAO, ?0.251<?<?0.249, 80 mm?|OB1max|, 20 mm?|OB2max|, |Dt/(NAO·|OB1max|)|?62.0, Dt/Td?0.645, 0.072?|OB1max|/Td| are met, where NAO is a numerical aperture on the object plane, ? is an imaging magnification, Td is a distance on an optical axis from the object plane to the image plane, Dt is a sum of thicknesses of the glass materials on the optical axis in the projection optical system, OB1max is a maximum object height on the object plane, and OB2max is a maximum image height on the image plane.

Abstract: To prevent a reduction in engine load detection accuracy due to variations in reluctor size within mass production tolerances, an engine control unit includes a pulse generator PC that detects a reluctor to output crank pulses. An angular velocity calculating unit calculates a first crank angular velocity on the basis of an interval between two crank pulses output in a predetermined section near compression top dead center TDC, and detects near overlap top dead center OLP the same reluctor used for calculating the first crank angular velocity to calculate a second crank angular velocity on the basis of an interval between generated two crank pulses. An engine load estimating unit calculates, as an engine load, a difference between the first crank angular velocity and the second crank angular velocity. The engine load is indicated mean effective pressure over a whole cycle including negative work done by the engine.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle detects a pedaling torque applied to a crankshaft with a pedaling force sensor, controls a motor unit of the motor-assisted bicycle in a regenerative control process to charge a battery if the torque value of the detected pedaling torque is equal to or smaller than a predetermined level, and controls the motor unit in an assistive control process if the torque value is greater than the predetermined level. The control apparatus switches between the assistive control process and the regenerative control process depending on the torque value which is detected, increases the predetermined level if the state of charge of the battery becomes lower than a first level, and restores the predetermined level if the state of charge of the battery becomes higher than a second level which is greater than the first level.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle detects a pedaling torque applied to a crankshaft with a pedaling force sensor, controls a motor unit in a regenerative control process to charge a battery if the torque value of the detected pedaling torque is equal to or smaller than a predetermined level, and controls the motor unit in an assistive control process if the torque value is greater than the predetermined level. The control apparatus controls the motor unit in the regenerative control process at a crankshaft angular position in which the torque value detected by the pedaling force sensor is equal to or smaller than the predetermined level, and switches from the regenerative control process to the assistive control process for controlling the motor unit at a crankshaft angular position in which the torque value detected by the pedaling force sensor becomes higher than the predetermined level.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle detects a pedaling torque applied to a crankshaft with a pedaling force sensor, controls a motor unit of the motor-assisted bicycle in a regenerative control process to charge a battery, if the torque value of the detected pedaling torque is equal to or smaller than a predetermined level, and controls the motor unit in an assistive control process, if the torque value is greater than the predetermined level. The control apparatus performs an assistive transient control process with an assistive ratio lower than in the assistive control process while the crankshaft makes a predetermined number of revolutions and thereafter performs the regenerative control process, if the torque value detected by the pedaling force sensor has a peak equal to or smaller than the predetermined level.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a motor-assisted bicycle detects a pedaling torque applied to a crankshaft with a pedaling force sensor, controls a motor unit of the motor-assisted bicycle in a regenerative control process to charge a battery if the torque value of the detected pedaling torque is equal to or smaller than a predetermined level, and controls the motor unit in an assistive control process if the torque value is greater than the predetermined level. The control apparatus includes a storage unit for storing an assisted state and a regenerated state in a single event of use of the motor-assisted bicycle by a user, and a control quantity corrector for correcting a control quantity of the assistive control process and a control quantity of the regenerative control process based on the assisted state and the regenerated state which are stored in the storage unit.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a plurality of unit circuits that are arranged in an element forming region on a substrate, each unit circuit having a light-emitting element that has a first electrode and a second electrode, and a transistor that controls a current flowing in the light-emitting element, a plurality of power lines that are wired in a peripheral region disposed in a periphery of the element forming region so as to supply power having different potentials, a current supply line that is wired to extend from the peripheral region to the element forming region and that is electrically connected to the first electrode via the transistor in each of the unit circuits, and a current supply line protective circuit that is provided in the peripheral region and that has protective elements connected between the current supply line and the plurality of power lines.

Abstract: A headrest apparatus for a vehicle includes a headrest rear portion supported at a seatback, a headrest front portion movable between a fully closed position and a fully open position, a driving device for moving the headrest front portion, a capacitance sensor detecting a change in capacitance in association with an approach of the head of an occupant, and a controlling device for controlling the headrest front portion to move to the fully open position in response to information that a vehicle is approaching from the rear, the controlling device controlling the driving device to stop a movement of the headrest front portion when the head of the occupant is detected on the basis of a detection signal from the capacitance sensor, the controlling device including a first filter having a first cutoff frequency and a second filter having a second cutoff frequency lower than the first cutoff frequency.

Abstract: A saddle seat type fuel-cell electric vehicle includes a motor for driving rear wheels, a secondary battery for supplying electric power to the motor, a carrier for carrying luggage and a seat for supporting an operator, the carrier is located behind the seat and above the rear wheels. The secondary battery includes a plurality of cells each having an elongated boxlike shape, and it is stored in the internal space of the carrier, thereby increasing the flexibility of the layout of the vehicle body. Spacings functioning as air passages are defined between the inner wall of the carrier and the secondary battery. The carrier is formed with air inlet openings for introducing an air flow into the internal space and an air outlet opening for discharging the air flow out of the internal space. The plural cells are arranged adjacent to each other with given intervals on the same plane.

Abstract: A seat apparatus for a vehicle includes a side support portion moved in first and second directions, a driving device moving the side support portion in the first direction and in the second direction, a vehicle location obtaining means for obtaining vehicle location information including a present location of the vehicle, a curve information preliminarily obtaining means for preliminarily obtaining curve information on a map data including a curve starting point located in an area existing a first predetermined distance ahead from the present location of the vehicle, a control starting point determining means for determining a point existing a second predetermined distance closer to the vehicle than the curve starting point as a control starting point, a control starting point memorizing means for memorizing the control starting point, and a drive control means for starting control on the driving device when the vehicle reaches the control starting point.

Abstract: A saddle-ride type vehicle which for preventing the fuel tank from receiving a load imposed on the tank cover and for achieving a weight reduction of the fuel tank. A motorcycle includes a vehicle body frame; a fuel tank, fixed to the vehicle body frame, for storing fuel; a tank cover for covering at least part of the fuel tank; a flange part, provided to the fuel tank, for fastening the fuel tank to the vehicle body frame; and a cover supporting member, fastened to the flange part, for supporting the tank cover.

Abstract: When moving a head rest front portion in a full-open position direction, an ECU determines that the head rest front portion comes close to an occupant head portion on the basis of a detection result of an electrostatic capacitance sensor so as to stop the head rest front portion, and determines that the head rest front portion comes close to the occupant head portion on the basis of an absolute capacitance change with respect to a reference electrostatic capacitance value of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. Alternatively, the ECU determines that the head rest front portion comes close to the occupant head portion on the basis of a change amount of the electrostatic capacitance value of the electrostatic capacitance sensor.

Abstract: A headlight unit having a virtual pivot center provided at a position different from a supported position to a vehicle body. Two, upper and lower headlight supporting portions spaced apart from each other are provided at a rear portion of a headlight unit The upper headlight supporting portion on each side includes a guide shaft formed on a support member of a radiator cover and a groove formed on an upper base portion of the headlight unit. The lower headlight supporting portion on each side includes an elongated hole formed through the support member of the radiator cover and a bolt threadedly engaged with a lower base portion of the headlight unit. The guide shaft and the bolt slide in the groove and the elongated hole, respectively, for performing the swing motion of the headlight unit about the virtual pivot center C to perform an adjustment of an optical axis.

Abstract: An electric-motor three-wheeled vehicle includes a motor for applying a drive force to drive wheels, a motor control unit for controlling the motor, a secondary battery for storing electric power generated by a fuel cell, a rear body supporting a pair of left and right rear wheels and a connecting mechanism for connecting the rear body with a front body so as to tilt the front body while the rear wheels are in contact with the ground. The secondary battery is housed in the inside of a luggage carrier above the rear wheels. The motor and the motor control unit, including a motor driver and a main CPU, are mounted between the left and right rear wheels. The voltage converter increases or decreases the voltage of the electric power supplied from the fuel cell. The control drivers controls a supercharger of reaction gas and a electric pump of cooling water.

Abstract: A seat apparatus for a vehicle having a side support portion that is controlled depending on a road condition, includes a distance calculating means for calculating a distance of a straight portion between a first curve, on which a vehicle is supposed to be driven, and a second curve, on which the vehicle is supposed to be driven after the first curve, based on an electronic map data, a first controlling level calculating means for calculating a first controlling level at which the side support portion is controlled when the vehicle is driven on the first curve, a second controlling level calculating means for calculating a second controlling level at which the side support portion is controlled when the vehicle is driven on the straight portion, and a driving means for operating the side support portion based on the first controlling level and the second controlling level.

Abstract: A driving circuit for an electro-optical panel, in which a plurality of pixel portions are provided in an image display region, has a plurality of power supply lines that are respectively supplied with a plurality of power supplies having different potentials from a power supply circuit, a shift register that outputs transfer signals defining timings at which image signals are supplied to the plurality of pixel portions, a level shifter that is connected to at least one power supply line and another power supply line supplied with different potentials among the plurality of power supply lines and that increases the voltage levels of the output transfer signals by using the power supplies having the different potentials supplied through the one power supply line and another power supply line, and an electrostatic protecting circuit having a diode that is provided between the one power supply line and another power supply line and that forms an electrical path to release static electricity applied to one of the

Abstract: In one embodiment, an operation state, standby state or installation environment of an image forming apparatus is detected or determined, and details of heating control of the surface temperature of rollers of a fixing apparatus are changed in accordance with the detected or determined state or environment. For example, when the operation state is a state in which printing on a last sheet of recording paper in a print job is complete, or when the operation state is a state in which printing on recording paper is interrupted, and, in addition, when the installation environment is a low-temperature and low-humidity environment and the image forming apparatus enters the standby state, heating of the rollers is respectively controlled to prevent unexpected and inappropriate changes in the surface temperature of the rollers.

Abstract: A generator has a rotor boss engaged with a crankshaft with a rotor core engaged with the outer circumference of the rotor boss. A stator core is provided around the outer circumference of the rotor core with a bus ring opposed to one end surface of the rotor core. The outer circumference of the bus ring is engaged with a plurality of insulating components surrounding the teeth. The stator core has a split structure composed of a plurality of stator core blocks connected together. Each stator core block is fixed to a generator cover by a bolt. The generator cover is fixed to the outer surface of a crankcase. The rotor core is formed with a plurality of holes for respectively supporting a plurality of rotor magnets. The bus ring includes a plurality of terminals and grommets connected through bus bars to the terminals.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a plurality of unit circuits that are arranged in an element forming region on a substrate, each unit circuit having a light-emitting element that has a first electrode and a second electrode, and a transistor that controls a current flowing in the light-emitting element, a plurality of power lines that are wired in a peripheral region disposed in a periphery of the element forming region so as to supply power having different potentials, a current supply line that is wired to extend from the peripheral region to the element forming region and that is electrically connected to the first electrode via the transistor in each of the unit circuits, and a current supply line protective circuit that is provided in the peripheral region and that has protective elements connected between the current supply line and the plurality of power lines.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a plurality of unit circuits that are arranged in an element forming region on a substrate, each unit circuit having a light-emitting element that has a first electrode and a second electrode, and a transistor that controls a current flowing in the light-emitting element, a plurality of power lines that are wired in a peripheral region disposed in a periphery of the element forming region so as to supply power having different potentials, a current supply line that is wired to extend from the peripheral region to the element forming region and that is electrically connected to the first electrode via the transistor in each of the unit circuits, and a current supply line protective circuit that is provided in the peripheral region and that has protective elements connected between the current supply line and the plurality of power lines.