Abstract: A piano lens according to the present invention includes a transparent base member disposed on a light emission side thereof or light incidence side thereof and a minute-transparent-ball disposing layer having at least minute transparent balls two-dimensionally in a single grain layer on the transparent base member so that the minute transparent balls disposed adjacent to each other should be disposed in contact with or close to each other, and a colored layer disposed so as to expose the minute transparent balls to outside on the light incidence side. The minute-transparent-ball disposing layer has an improved light transmission at a light emission side end portion of the minute transparent ball.

Abstract: A bead disposition is imaged while performing illumination by reflection illumination or penetration illumination so that a peak point of brightness brighter than the outside of a bead is observed in the inside of the bead and the circumferential portion of the bead is darker than the outside of the bead. A peak point of brightness in the inside of a bead is detected from the image data and adjacent pixels are successively painted with the peak point of brightness as a starting point, wherein the adjacent pixels have a brightness level of t2 or greater. Then, the image data is binarized. A space filling percentage of beads is calculated from the number of white or black pixels of an obtained binary image. Alternatively, binarization can also be performed after detecting a circle or circular arc pattern corresponding to a dark portion in the circumferential portion of bead from the image data by a pattern matching method and painting the inside of the circle or circular arc.

Abstract: An image data generating method for generating image data corresponding to a planar holographic stereogram is provided. First, an object or imaging device is rotated, while the distance between the object and the imaging device is kept substantially constant, for shooting plural images of different viewing angles by the imaging device. The image data of plural images is then corrected for keystone distortion. The image data corrected for keystone distortion is then processed with viewing point conversion processing for converting the viewing point for generating image data of images recorded on the holographic stereogram. In addition, image data including the information for plural images is compressed for storage in the internal storage device of the computer.

Abstract: A direct viewing picture image display apparatus displays a good picture image with a small amount of light and low power consumption using a laser beam without producing speckle noises. The display apparatus comprises a light source for emitting a laser beam, an optical modulating system for optically modulating the laser beam from the light source in response to a video signal, a scanning system for horizontally and vertically scanning the modulated laser beam from the scanning signal in response to a scanning signal, and a projecting optical system for projecting the scanned laser beam from the scanning system to form an image of the laser beam on the retina of an eye of an observer. Depth information is provided to the laser beam at a suitable stage after optical modulation by the optical modulating system so that a stereoscopic image is displayed.