Abstract: A light-emitting element module includes: a Peltier device; a light-emitting element that is disposed on the Peltier device; and a package that accommodates the Peltier device and the light-emitting element, the package including a base on which the Peltier device is disposed and a lid joined to the base and. When Ts is external temperature of the package, Tv is temperature of the light-emitting element, Tc1 is temperature of the base, and Tc2 is temperature of the lid, Ts<Tc2<Tc1 is satisfied in a case of Tv<Ts.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell that has metal atoms sealed therein, a heating unit that heats the gas cell, a heat transmission unit that is positioned between the gas cell and the heating unit, is thermally connected to the gas cell, and transmits heat generated by the heating unit to the gas cell, and a light absorbing unit that is thermally connected to the gas cell so as to be separated from the heat transmission unit and absorbs heat of the gas cell. The heat transmission unit includes a gas cell accommodation portion including at least a pair of gas cell accommodation walls disposed outside the gas cell, and a thermal conductive elastic member which is interposed in a gap formed by the gas cell and the gas cell accommodation walls of the heat transmission unit.

Abstract: A light-emitting element module includes a light-emitting element that emits light, a base that has a depression portion in which the light-emitting element is accommodated, and a lid that covers an opening of the depression portion and is joined to the base. The lid includes a protrusion portion that protrudes on an opposite side to the base and has a hole through which the light passes and a window that is installed in the protrusion portion to block the hole and transmits the light. A surface of the window on a side of the light-emitting element is inclined with respect to a surface perpendicular to an optical axis of the light.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell encapsulating metal atoms, a coil disposed in a periphery of the gas cell, a laser source adapted to emit excitation light toward the gas cell, a heater adapted to heat the gas cell, and a wiring board adapted to supply the heater with power, and a plus line forming a plus current channel for the heater and provided to the wiring board, and a minus line forming a minus current channel for the heater and provided to the wiring board are disposed close to each other.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes: an atomic cell in which an alkali metal is sealed; a light-emitting element that emits light to be radiated to the atomic cell; a light-receiving element that detects the light transmitted through the atomic cell; a first optical element that has light transmittance and is disposed between the atomic cell and the light-emitting element; and a second optical element that has light transmittance and is disposed between the first optical element and the atomic cell. The first optical element reflects the light from the light-emitting element toward the light-emitting element in a first direction inclined with respect to an optical axis of the light. The second optical element reflects the light from the light-emitting element toward the light-emitting element in a second direction inclined in a direction different from the first direction with respect to the optical axis of the light.

Abstract: A light-emitting element module includes: a Peltier device; a light-emitting element that is disposed on the Peltier device; and a package that accommodates the Peltier device and the light-emitting element, the package including a base on which the Peltier device is disposed and a lid joined to the base and. When Ts is external temperature of the package, Tv is temperature of the light-emitting element, Tc1 is temperature of the base, and Tc2 is temperature of the lid, Ts<Tc2<Tc1 is satisfied in a case of Tv<Ts.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell that has metal atoms sealed therein, a heating unit that heats the gas cell, a heat transmission unit that is positioned between the gas cell and the heating unit, is thermally connected to the gas cell, and transmits heat generated by the heating unit to the gas cell, and a light absorbing unit that is thermally connected to the gas cell so as to be separated from the heat transmission unit and absorbs heat of the gas cell. The heat transmission unit includes a gas cell accommodation portion including at least a pair of gas cell accommodation walls disposed outside the gas cell, and a thermal conductive elastic member which is interposed in a gap formed by the gas cell and the gas cell accommodation walls of the heat transmission unit.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell into which alkali metal atoms are sealed, a light emitting portion that emits excitation light including a pair of resonance light beams for resonating the alkali metal atoms toward the alkali metal atoms, a coil that is provided to surround an outer circumference of the gas cell with an axis of the excitation light as an axial direction, and a shield case that stores at least the gas cell and the coil and contains a metal material, in which the shield case is constituted by a plurality of tabular portions, and, among the plurality of tabular portions, a main surface of one of two adjacent tabular portions faces a side surface of the other tabular portion.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes at least a gas cell that has metal atoms sealed therein, a coil that is disposed in a vicinity of the gas cell, a first magnetic shield that accommodates the gas cell and the coil therein, a second magnetic shield that accommodates a heater heating the gas cell, a first temperature sensor detecting a temperature of the gas cell, and the first magnetic shield therein, and a temperature adjustment unit and a second temperature sensor that are disposed outside the second magnetic shield.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell that has metal atoms sealed therein, a heating unit that heats the gas cell, a heat transmission unit that is positioned between the gas cell and the heating unit, is thermally connected to the gas cell, and transmits heat generated by the heating unit to the gas cell, and a light absorbing unit that is thermally connected to the gas cell so as to be separated from the heat transmission unit and absorbs heat of the gas cell. The heat transmission unit includes a gas cell accommodation portion including at least a pair of gas cell accommodation walls disposed outside the gas cell, and a thermal conductive elastic member which is interposed in a gap formed by the gas cell and the gas cell accommodation walls of the heat transmission unit.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell into which alkali metal atoms are sealed, a light emitting portion that emits excitation light including a pair of resonance light beams for resonating the alkali metal atoms toward the alkali metal atoms, a coil that is provided to surround an outer circumference of the gas cell with an axis of the excitation light as an axial direction, and a shield case that stores at least the gas cell and the coil and contains a metal material, in which the shield case is constituted by a plurality of tabular portions, and, among the plurality of tabular portions, a main surface of one of two adjacent tabular portions faces a side surface of the other tabular portion.

Abstract: A quantum interference device includes: gaseous alkali metal atoms; and a light source for causing a resonant light pair having different frequencies that keep a frequency difference equivalent to an energy difference between two ground states of the alkali metal atoms, the quantum interference device causing the alkali metal atoms and the resonant light pair to interact each other to cause an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon (EIT), wherein there are a plurality of the resonant light pairs, and center frequencies of the respective resonant light pairs are different from one another.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell into which alkali metal atoms are sealed, a light emitting portion that emits excitation light including a pair of resonance light beams for resonating the alkali metal atoms toward the alkali metal atoms, a coil that is provided to surround an outer circumference of the gas cell with an axis of the excitation light as an axial direction, and a shield case that stores at least the gas cell and the coil and contains a metal material, in which the shield case is constituted by a plurality of tabular portions, and, among the plurality of tabular portions, a main surface of one of two adjacent tabular portions faces a side surface of the other tabular portion.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a first unit and a second unit arranged to be separated from each other and a package including an internal space in which the first unit and the second unit are housed in a state in which the internal space is decompressed to pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. The reflectance of the outer surfaces of the first unit and the second unit to an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 4 ?m is equal to or higher than 50%.

Abstract: A quantum interference device includes a gas cell into which metal atoms are sealed, a heater that heats the gas cell, a heat transmission portion that is located between the gas cell and the heater, is connected to the gas cell, and transmits heat generated from the heater to the gas cell, and a heat dissipation portion that is connected to the gas cell so as to be spaced apart from the heat transmission portion, and dissipates heat of the gas cell.

Abstract: A quantum interference device includes a wiring board, a second unit including a gas cell in which metal atoms are sealed, a first unit that includes a light emission unit emitting light, which includes a resonance light pair for resonating the metal atoms, toward the metal atoms, and a supporting plate that has a plate shape, supports the first unit and the second unit on one surface side thereof, and is connected to the wiring board on the other surface side thereof. In addition, a second supporting portion supporting the second unit of the supporting plate includes a portion separated from the wiring board.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell, a semiconductor laser, a light detector, a bias current control section controlling a bias current based on intensity of light detected by the light detector, a memory, and an MPU. The MPU sweeps the bias current and stores a value of the bias current and a value of the intensity of the light when the intensity of the detected light shifts from a decrease to an increase and re-sweeps to set the bias current based on the value of the bias current stored in the memory after the sweep, compares the value of the intensity of the detected light with the value of the intensity of the light stored in the memory while the bias current control section controls the bias current, and determines whether to perform the sweep again in accordance with the comparison.

Abstract: A quantum interference device includes a gas cell into which metal atoms are sealed, a heater that heats the gas cell, a heat transmission portion that is located between the gas cell and the heater, is connected to the gas cell, and transmits heat generated from the heater to the gas cell, and a heat dissipation portion that is connected to the gas cell so as to be spaced apart from the heat transmission portion, and dissipates heat of the gas cell.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell into which alkali metal atoms are sealed, a light emitting portion that emits excitation light including a pair of resonance light beams for resonating the alkali metal atoms toward the alkali metal atoms, a coil that is provided to surround an outer circumference of the gas cell with an axis of the excitation light as an axial direction, and a shield case that stores at least the gas cell and the coil and contains a metal material, in which the shield case is constituted by a plurality of tabular portions, and, among the plurality of tabular portions, a main surface of one of two adjacent tabular portions faces a side surface of the other tabular portion.

Abstract: A quantum interference device includes a wiring board, a second unit including a gas cell in which metal atoms are sealed, a first unit that includes a light emission unit emitting light, which includes a resonance light pair for resonating the metal atoms, toward the metal atoms, and a supporting plate that has a plate shape, supports the first unit and the second unit on one surface side thereof, and is connected to the wiring board on the other surface side thereof. In addition, a second supporting portion supporting the second unit of the supporting plate includes a portion separated from the wiring board.